Emotion
Emotions
Affection
Anger
Annoyance
Angst
Apathy
Anxiety
Awe
Boredom
Compassion
Contempt
Curiosity
Depression
Desire
Despair
Disappointment
Disgust
Ecstasy
Empathy
Envy
Embarrassment
Euphoria
Fear
Frustration
Gratitude
Grief
Guilt
Happiness
Hatred
Hope
Horror
Hostility
Hysteria
Joy
Jealousy
Loathing
Love
Pity
Pride
Rage
Regret
Remorse
Sadness
Shame
Suffering
Surprise
Wonder
Worry
An emotion is a mental and physiological state associ-
ated with a wide variety of feelings, thoughts, and beha-
vior. Emotions are subjective experiences, or experi-
enced from an individual point of view. Emotion is often
associated with mood, temperament, personality, and
disposition. The English word ’emotion’ is derived from
the French word émouvoir. This is based on the Latin
emovere, where e- (variant of ex-) means ’out’ and movere
means ’move’.[1] The related term "motivation" is also
derived from movere.
No definitive taxonomy of emotions exists, though
numerous taxonomies have been proposed. Some cat-
egorizations include:
•
’Cognitive’ versus ’non-cognitive’ emotions
•
Instinctual emotions (from the amygdala), versus
cognitive emotions (from the prefrontal cortex).
• Basic versus complex: where base emotions lead to
more complex ones.
• Categorization based on duration: Some emotions
occur over a period of seconds (e.g. surprise) where
others can last years (e.g. love).
A related distinction is between the emotion and the
results of the emotion, principally behaviours and emo-
tional expressions. People often behave in certain ways
as a direct result of their emotional state, such as crying,
fighting or fleeing. Yet again, if one can have the emo-
tion without the corresponding behaviour then we may
consider the behaviour not to be essential to the emo-
tion. The James-Lange theory posits that emotional ex-
perience is largely due to the experience of bodily
changes. The functionalist approach to emotions (e.g.
Nico Frijda) holds that emotions have evolved for a par-
ticular function, such as to keep the subject safe.
C