TREMATODES:
ENERGY METABOLISM
(GLUCOSE CATABOLISM)
Christian Paul P. de la Cruz
MS Zoology Student
University of the Philippines, Los Baños
Energy - is a scalar physical quantity that
describes the amount of work that can be
performed by a force, an attribute of objects and
systems
Some forms of energy: Kinetic, Potential,
Mechanical, Light, Thermal, Chemical
Metabolism - the set of chemical reactions
that happen in living organisms to maintain life
Catabolism – breakdown of organic matter
Anabolism – construct organic matter
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ENERGY TRANSFORMATION
Photosynthesis
Light Rxn
Dark Rxn
Respiration
CO2
Calvin Cycle
Carbohydrate
(fructose)
Glucose
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H2O
WHERE IS THE ENERGY?
Isomerase
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E-METABOLISM: LARVA VS. ADULT FORM
Larval Form
Aerobe
Classical Glycolysis
and Kreb’s cycle
The classical ETS is
present
Oxidative
phosphorylation is
regulated by
ubiquinone-mediated
system (Yields ATP)
Adult Form
Facultative Anaerobe
Modified Glycolysis
Kreb’s cycle can be
present but modified
ETS is generally
absent
ETS if present is
modified using
rhodoquinone-
mediated system (No
ATP yield)
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LARVAL FORM: GLYCOLYSIS AND FERMENTATION
Lactic Acid
Fermentation
Proceed inside the
mitochondria
for Kreb’s Cycle
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ADULT FORM: GLYCOLYSIS
NAD+
NADH + H+
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LARVAL FORM: KREB’S CYCLE
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ADULT FORM: KREB’S CYCLE (MODIFIED)
8
LARVAL FORM: OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION
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ADULT FORM: OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION
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THE ABILITY OF ADULT TREMATODES TO
EXCRETE LARGE AMOUNTS LACTATES
Pumping out acids to obtain an energetic
advantage
The “waste” molecules of the worm remain quite
usable by the host
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