CHERRY DIESTA
IQA TEAM
OUTLINE
I Introduction: What is ESD?
.
II. Basic Physics of ESD
III.ESD Control Measures
INTRODUCTION:
WHAT IS ESD?
Part One
WHAT IS ESD?
• What is ESD? ( Electro Static
Dis h
)
c arge
– A RAPID and spontaneous transfer of
t ti h
b t
n bj ts t
s a c c arges e wee o ec
a
different voltages
e g Something that you felt when walking across a carpet and
. .
touch a Metal Door knob!
WHAT IS ESD?
• Rapid Transfer of Charges between
two bodies with Different potentials
.
Δ V
V = 6KV
2KV
V = 0V
GND
6KV
Rapid Charge Transfer
due to Potential Difference
Charge Transfer
due to Ground Contact
WHAT ARE STATIC CHARGES?
• What are static charges?
U b l
d l
t i
l h
– n a ance e ec r ca c arges
– Static charge in our everyday lives
• Hair standing on end and
when combed it frizzes.
• Lightning during a storm
• Dust on TV & Computer
screens
O
i
TV & C
• pen ng a
omputer
screens
EFFECTS OF STATIC
CHARGES
H
f l
f
i h
•
arm u consequences o stat c c arges
– Electrostatic Discharge (ESD)
El
t st ti Att
ti
(ESA)
–
ec ro a c
rac on
– Electromagnetic Interference (EMI)
ESD DAMAGES
• Samples of ESD damages to devices due to
O
lt
O
t l
k
EOS
vervo age or vercurren a so nown as
or Electrical Over Stress
IC partial short
Reticle damage
Melting of MR sensor
ESD DAMAGES
• EMI Generation
– ESD events radiate EMI that can
cause:
• Computer lockups, scrambled data
programs, and software errors
ESD DAMAGES
ANALOG
• Costly effects of ESD damage
– High Reject rate/Low yield
HP/COMPAQ
– Loss in revenue
– Unsatisfied/angry customers
CYPRESS
LEVEL
EST. AVERAGE LOSS
Component Manufacturers
16 – 22 %
Sub-assembly
9 – 15 %
Assembly
8 – 14 %
Consumers
27 33 %
–
Source: Stephen Halperin, "Guidelines for Static Control Management“, Eurostat, 1990
TYPES OF ESD FAILURES
• Catastrophic Failure
D
i
i
tl
– ev ce s permanen y
damaged causing the device
to fail
– i.e. metal melt, junction
breakdown, or oxide failure
– Easy to find and can usually
be detected during testing
TYPES OF ES