Economy of Iran
Economy of Iran
Currency
Iranian Rial (IRR)
Fiscal year
21 March - 20 March
Trade
organizations
ECO, OPEC, WTO (observer) and others
Statistics
GDP
$859 billion (2008)[1]; world ranking:
17th (at PPP)[2]
GDP growth
6.4% (real-2007)[3]
note: 6.2% growth for 2009 projected [4]
GDP per capita $12,800 (2008 est.); world ranking: 88th
(at PPP)
GDP by sector
agriculture (11%), industry (45.3%),
services (43.7%) (2007)
Inflation (CPI)
24.3 % (2008)[5]
Population
below poverty
line
18% (2006)
Labor force
28.7 million (2006 est.); note: shortage of
skilled labor
Unemployment 12% according to the Iranian
government (2008)
Main
industries
artisan goods, petroleum, chemicals and
petrochemicals, car manufacturing,
agriculture, food processing, home
appliances, telecoms, pharmaceuticals,
textiles, minerals, metallurgy,
armaments, electronics, energy,
construction and construction materials
External
Exports
$106.4 billion f.o.b. (2008 est.); world
ranking: 36th
Export goods
petroleum (80%), chemical and
petrochemical products (4%), fruits and
nuts (2%), cars (2%), carpets (1%),
technical services
Main export
partners
China 14.8%, Japan 14.2%, Turkey 7.3%,
Italy 6.4%, South Korea 6.3% (2007)
Imports
$67.79 billion f.o.b. (2008 est.); world
ranking: 43rd
Import goods
industrial raw materials and
intermediate goods (46%), capital goods
(35%), foodstuffs and other consumer
goods (19%), technical services
Main import
partners
China 14.3%, Germany 9.7%, UAE 9.2%,
South Korea 5.8%, Russia 5.3%, Italy 5%,
France 4% (2007)
Gross External
Debt
$20.68 billion (31 December 2007 est.)
Public finances
Public Debt
17.2% of GDP (2007 est.)
Revenues
$104 billion (2007): 45% from oil
exports, 31% from taxes, tariffs and fees,
20% from government properties and
holdings (on exchange rate basis/not PPP)[6]
Expenses
$101 billion (2007): 6% health care, 16%
education, 8% military, 40% subsidy
payments (incl. gasoline, electricity,
cement, steel, pharmaceuticals and
wheat) and grants, 23% social services
(of which 50% for pensions), 7