International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) Volume 5 Issue 6, September-October 2021 Available Online: www.ijtsrd.com e-ISSN: 2456 – 6470 @ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD47540 | Volume – 5 | Issue – 6 | Sep-Oct 2021 Page 1118 Influence of Education and Family Size on the Effectiveness of NULM (National Urban Livelihood Mission Project) in Mysore City Ms. Umme Hani 1 , Dr. Jyothi H. P 2 1Research Scholar, 2Associate Professor, 1,2DoS in Social Work, University of Mysore, Manasagangothri, Mysuru, Karnataka, India ABSTRACT The study addresses influence of Education and Family Size on the Effectiveness of NULM (National Urban Livelihood Mission Project) in Mysore city. The study is based on primary data collected through interview methods by using structured questionnaire. 200 sample respondents are selected randomly from SHGs members under NULM Project in Mysore city. It was found from the study that majority of the respondents have done their secondary education level with mean value of 76.1728 (s.d. 7.46557), However, their awareness about various things has been increased after joining SHGs. It is suggested that creating awareness about the more government Programmes under NULM and bank procedures is necessary. NULM programme should encourage the SHGs Women in participation in the entire awareness programme in Urban Development. KEYWORDS: Socio-Economic Development; Education; NULM; Women Empowerment; SHGs; family How to cite this paper: Ms. Umme Hani | Dr. Jyothi H. P "Influence of Education and Family Size on the Effectiveness of NULM (National Urban Livelihood Mission Project) in Mysore City" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6, October 2021, pp.1118-1123, URL: www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47540.pdf Copyright © 2021 by author (s) and International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Journal. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0) INTRODUCTION Empowerment of women is one of the important factors for eradication of Poverty, as the women’s contribution in various levels for economic development though both remunerative and un- remunerative work at home and the work place in combating poverty. are the key contribution to the economic at all levels women participation combating poverty though both remunerative and un-remunerative work at home and the work place. Empowerment of women is one of the important factors for eradication of Poverty, as the women’s contribution in various levels for economic development for eradication of Poverty, as the women are the key contributors to the economy at all levels, women participation combating poverty though both remunerative and un-remunerative work at home and the work place. The formation of self help groups has provided a lot of confidence among members of self help groups to save money taken loan from banks, internal lending at lower rate of interest. Thus women saw economic development to some extent. However there was greater need from government to uplift women both socially and economically. When the researcher reviewed various literatures, she found that NULM project has put good efforts to uplift urban poor women. The researcher felt interesting to research as how the NULM project has contributed for Social and Economic Development of urban poor women. REVIEW of LITERATURE Hampamma & Naidu (2017) studied the impact of SHGs on socio-economic betterment, women empowerment and family welfare of tribal women inhabited in Kurnool area and the role of SHGs in the development of Tribal families. Nalina (2016) gave a conceptual frame work on women empowerment through self Help Group. The concept of self-help group has its roots in rural areas and it has been mooted along the rural and semi-urban women to improve their living conditions. Manohar (2015) IJTSRD47540 International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470 @ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD47540 | Volume – 5 | Issue – 6 | Sep-Oct 2021 Page 1119 made an investigation on the point effect of self-help group sand smaller scale fund on monetary empowerment of women–a contextual analysis of Haveri localein Karnataka, with the destination so assessing the job of Self Help Groups in ladies strengthening in the examination region and evaluating the effect of miniaturized scale money gave by the SHGs to the respondent woman individuals in their pay creating exercises, reserve funds. OBJECTIVES
To analyze women empowerment through Self Help Groups under NULM with respect to the SHG members in Mysore City, Karnataka.
To identify influence of Education level and Family size on Women Empowerment and SHG members
To find out influence between number of members in the family and empowerment
To study and Document the perception of self help group members towards NULM project METHODOLOGY The study is based on primary and secondary data. The primary data were collected from 200 SHGs women entrepreneurs under NULM project. The researcher used a structures interview schedule in the areas of Mysore city through random sampling methods. The secondary data were collected from government documents prepared by Mysore City Corporations(MCC), books, journals, newspapers and websites to support the findings of the study. DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATIONS Table 1: Influence of Education level and Family size on Women Empowerment and SHG members Type of Empowerment N Mean Std. Deviation Economic Illiterate 27 70.0617 14.47427 Primary 42 67.3611 18.24342 Secondary 54 69.3364 14.01966 PUC/Diploma 50 70.75 14.02162 Graduation 23 74.1304 15.19544 Post Graduation 4 73.75 10.01157 Total 200 70.0125 15.09057 Political Illiterate 27 81.0185 7.72917 Primary 42 80.1786 5.64155 Secondary 54 78.0093 9.71747 PUC/Diploma 50 82.9 7.7486 Graduation 23 76.413 11.5755 Post Graduation 4 84.375 10.48312 Total 200 80.0375 8.7162 Educational Illiterate 27 84.6091 9.84063 Primary 42 86.6667 10.18941 Secondary 54 78.3539 8.61404 PUC/Diploma 50 78.8 7.83053 Graduation 23 78.6473 6.98689 Post Graduation 4 81.6667 12.6198 Total 200 81.1556 9.43325 Social Illiterate 27 80.7407 14.81606 Primary 42 83.7698 12.83658 Secondary 54 82.3457 11.47652 PUC/Diploma 50 85 10.18536 Graduation 23 82.3188 11.01811 Post Graduation 4 91.6667 10 Total 200 83.275 11.89989 Psychological Illiterate 27 86.7725 9.54698 Primary 42 89.5238 11.05066 Secondary 54 84.127 10.71444 PUC/Diploma 50 84.9714 8.80744 Graduation 23 88.5714 9.82217 International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470 @ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD47540 | Volume – 5 | Issue – 6 | Sep-Oct 2021 Page 1120 Post Graduation 4 85 10 Total 200 86.3571 10.1731 Total Illiterate 27 77.7901 7.3712 Primary 42 77.8333 8.78106 Secondary 54 76.1728 7.46557 PUC/Diploma 50 78.0867 7.29265 Graduation 23 78.4348 6.98659 Post Graduation 4 81.25 7.18215 Total 200 77.58 7.6207 Table 2: ANOVA results for significance Education level and Family size on Women Empowerment and SHG members ANOVA Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F Sig. Economic Between Groups 793.093 5 158.619 .691 .631 Within Groups 44524.237 194 229.506 Total 45317.330 199 Political Between Groups 1036.058 5 207.212 2.855 .016 Within Groups 14082.410 194 72.590 Total 15118.469 199 Educational Between Groups 2444.689 5 488.938 6.214 .000 Within Groups 15263.558 194 78.678 Total 17708.247 199 Social Between Groups 681.817 5 136.363 .962 .442 Within Groups 27498.058 194 141.743 Total 28179.875 199 Psychological Between Groups 910.547 5 182.109 1.795 .116 Within Groups 19684.351 194 101.466 Total 20594.898 199 Total empowerment Between Groups 194.329 5 38.866 .664 .652 Within Groups 11362.613 194 58.570 Total 11556.942 199 Economic empowerment: The mean percent economic empowerment of the respondents based on educational qualification is 70.06, 67.36, 69.33, 70.75, 74.13 and 73.75of Illiterate, Primary, Secondary, PUC/Diploma, Graduation and Post Graduation respectively. One-way ANOVA revealed a non - significant mean difference between these scores (F=0.691; p=.631), indicating that all the means are statistically similar. In other words, educational qualification of the respondents did not significantly influence over economic empowerment. Political empowerment: The mean percent Political empowerments of the respondents based on educational qualification are 81.01, 80.17, 78.00, 82.90, 76.41and 84.37 of Illiterate, Primary, Secondary, PUC/Diploma, Graduation and Post Graduation respectively. One-way ANOVA revealed a non - significant mean difference between these scores (F=2.855; p=0.016), indicating that all the means are statistically similar. In other words, educational qualification of the respondents did not significantly influence over economic empowerment. Educational empowerment: The mean percent economic empowerments of the respondents based on educational qualification are 84.61, 86.67, 78.35, 78.80, 78.65 and 81.67of Illiterate, Primary, Secondary, PUC/Diploma, Graduation and Post Graduation respectively. One-way ANOVA revealed a significant mean difference between these scores (F=6.214; p=.000).Further, Scheffe’s post hoc test revealed that those who were married had lesser educational empowerment compared to respondents of Widow and Spinster. Social empowerment: The mean percent Social empowerment of the respondents based on educational qualification is 80.74, 83.76, 82.34, 85.00, 82.31, and 91.66 of Illiterate, Primary, Secondary, PUC/Diploma, Graduation and Post Graduation respectively. One-way ANOVA revealed a non - significant mean difference between these scores (F=0.962; p=0.442), indicating that all the means are statistically similar. In other words, educational qualification of the respondents did not significantly influence over economic empowerment. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470 @ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD47540 | Volume – 5 | Issue – 6 | Sep-Oct 2021 Page 1121 Psychological empowerment: The mean percent Psychological empowerments of the respondents based on educational qualification are 86.77, 89.52, 84.12, 84.97, 88.57 and 85.00of Illiterate, Primary, Secondary, PUC/Diploma, Graduation and Post Graduation respectively. One-way ANOVA revealed a non - significant mean difference between these scores (F=1.795; p=0.116), indicating that all the means are statistically similar. In other words, educational qualification of the respondents did not significantly influence over economic empowerment. Table 3Influence between Number of members in the family and empowerment Type of empowerment Number of family member N Mean Std. Deviation Economic 1-2 33 74.6717 10.56753 3-5 131 69.1858 15.28625 5+ 36 68.7500 17.32337 Total 200 70.0125 15.09057 Political 1-2 33 80.6061 8.45554 3-5 131 80.0382 9.00846 5+ 36 79.5139 8.03607 Total 200 80.0375 8.71620 Educational 1-2 33 80.2694 8.65593 3-5 131 81.5267 9.63960 5+ 36 80.6173 9.52651 Total 200 81.1556 9.43325 Social 1-2 33 86.5657 11.20314 3-5 131 82.5191 12.59386 5+ 36 83.0093 9.42657 Total 200 83.2750 11.89989 Psychological 1-2 33 88.4848 10.03781 3-5 131 86.1723 10.53553 5+ 36 85.0794 8.82908 Total 200 86.3571 10.17310 Total empowerment 1-2 33 80.2929 6.05516 3-5 131 77.1323 7.78193 5+ 36 76.7222 7.95603 Total 200 77.5800 7.62070 Table 4: ANOVA result for ANOVA Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F Sig. Economic Between Groups 863.295 2 431.648 1.913 .150 Within Groups 44454.035 197 225.655 Total 45317.330 199 Political Between Groups 20.538 2 10.269 .134 .875 Within Groups 15097.931 197 76.639 Total 15118.469 199 Educational Between Groups 54.394 2 27.197 .303 .739 Within Groups 17653.853 197 89.613 Total 17708.247 199 Social Between Groups 434.735 2 217.367 1.543 .216 Within Groups 27745.140 197 140.838 Total 28179.875 199 Psychological Between Groups 212.649 2 106.324 1.028 .360 Within Groups 20382.249 197 103.463 Total 20594.898 199 Total empowerment Between Groups 295.623 2 147.811 2.586 .078 Within Groups 11261.319 197 57.164 Total 11556.942 199 International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470 @ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD47540 | Volume – 5 | Issue – 6 | Sep-Oct 2021 Page 1122 Economic empowerment: The mean percent economic empowerment of the respondents belonging to 1-2, 3-5 and >5 member in the family is74.67, 69.18 and 68.75 respectively. One-way ANOVA revealed a non - significant mean difference between these scores (F=1.913; p=.150), indicating that all the means are statistically similar. In other words, number of members in the family of respondents did not significantly influence over economic empowerment. Political empowerment: The mean percent Political empowerment of the respondents belonging to 1-2, 3- 5 and >5 member in the family is 80.60, 80.03and 79.51 respectively. One-way ANOVA revealed a non - significant mean difference between these scores (F=0.134; p=0.875), indicating that all the means are statistically similar. In other words, number of members in the family of respondents did not significantly influence over economic empowerment. Educational empowerment: The mean percent Educational empowerment of the respondents belonging to 1-2, 3-5 and >5 member in the family is 80.26, 81.52 and 80.61 respectively. One-way ANOVA revealed a non - significant mean difference between these scores (F=0.303; p=0.739), indicating that all the means are statistically similar. In other words, number of members in the family of respondents did not significantly influence over economic empowerment. Social empowerment: The mean percent Social empowerment of the respondents belonging to 1-2, 3- 5 and >5 member in the family is 86.56, 82.51 and 83.00 respectively. One-way ANOVA revealed a non - significant mean difference between these scores (F=1.543; p=0.216), indicating that all the means are statistically similar. In other words, number of members in the family of respondents did not significantly influence over economic empowerment. Psychological empowerment: The mean percent Psychological empowerment of the respondents belonging to 1-2, 3-5 and >5 member in the family is 88.48, 86.17, 85.07 respectively. One-way ANOVA revealed a non - significant mean difference between these scores (F=1.028; p=0.360), indicating that all the means are statistically similar. In other words, number of members in the family of respondents did not significantly influence over economic empowerment. SUMMERY Government of India, launched NULM with the aim of reduce poverty and vulnerability of the urban poor households and resting on the foundation that the mobilization of urban poor households into SHGs and their federations at the area and city levels, is an important investment for an effective and sustainable poverty reduction programme. Under NULM, to catalyse the formation of SHGs and their federations and promote the financial inclusion of SHG members. It is found from the study that majority of the respondents have completed secondary education level. However, their awareness about various programmes was increased after joining SHGs. It is suggested that creating awareness about the more government Programmes under NULM and bank procedures is necessary. NULM programme should Encourage the SHGs Women in participation in the all the awareness programme in Urban Development. Reference [1] Bandyopadhyay, C. (2014). Empowerment of Women in Participating Self-Help Group in Bardhaman District of West Bengal. PRAGATI : Journal of Indian Economy, 1(2). https://doi.org/10.17492/pragati.v1i2.2512 [2] Bhushan, B., Sudan, R. S., & Sethi, S. (2015). Analysis of Socio-economic Characteristic of SHG (Self-Help Group) of WomenAssociated With Dairy Farming. Journal of Animal Research, 5(4), 839. https://doi.org/10.5958/2277- 940X.2015.00139.4 [3] Choudhary, A. S. (2015). Economic Empowerment of Rural Women Entrepreneurs in Rajasthan through Self- help Group: A Case of SAKHI. Krishi Sanskriti Publications, 2(3), 287–292. [4] Datta, P., Debnath, U., & Panda, C. K. (2018). Attitudes of rural women towards self help group. 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