International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) Volume 5 Issue 4, May-June 2021 Available Online: www.ijtsrd.com e-ISSN: 2456 – 6470 @ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD42446 | Volume – 5 | Issue – 4 | May-June 2021 Page 953 Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on the Level of Knowledge Regarding Upper Respiratory Tract Infection among Mothers of under Five Children Harikant Sharma Assistant Professor, SAPKM College of Nursing, Kichha, Udhamsingh Nagar, Uttarakhand, India ABSTRACT A pre-experimental study to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on the level of knowledge regarding upper respiratory tract infection among mothers of under five children in Mothrowala, Dehradun. 30 mothers of under five children were selected through purposive sampling technique. Data was collected by structured questionnaire. The result showed that 80% of respondents had an adequate knowledge score (20-30) and 20% had moderate knowledge score (10-19).The study concluded that level of knowledge score was less when assessed after conducting pretest, whereas the score had increased in posttest after the implementation Structured Teaching Programme Upper Respiratory Tract Infection. KEYWORDS: Effectiveness, structured teaching programme, knowledge, upper respiratory tract infection, mothers of under five children How to cite this paper: Harikant Sharma "Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on the Level of Knowledge Regarding Upper Respiratory Tract Infection among Mothers of under Five Children" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456- 6470, Volume-5 | Issue-4, June 2021, pp.953-956, URL: www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd42446.pdf Copyright © 2021 by author (s) and International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Journal. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0) I. INTRODUCTION: Respiratory diseases are very often found in children‟s especially respiratory infections. It is one of the leading causes of mortality and mortality in young children. India has 440 million children. WHO report stated that children below five years of age suffer about 5 episodes of ARI per child per year. Under five children are risky population to get upper respiratory tract infection due to lack of immune power. Upper respiratory tract infection is an illness caused by an acute infection which involves the upper respiratory tract including the nose, sinuses, sore throat, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis, sinusitis, otitis media, and common cold.The domiciliary management of children with respiratory infection includes complete bed rest, increased fluid intake will help to keep throat and lining of nose moist, saline nose drop may be used to relieve congestion and obstruction in the nose, keep away the child from passive smoke and use of home remedies for cough and cold, example Tulsi, Honey, Zinger, Hot drinks, etc. Warm or cool steam used near the child’s bed may prevent or relieves the laryngeal spasm and cough and essential to maintenance of warm well ventilated environment. Need of the study Acute respiratory tract infection (ARI) is considered as one of the major public health problems and it is recognized as the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in many developing countries. The greatest problem for developing countries is the mortality from ARI in children less than five year of age. One of the most encouraging signs of our times is the awakening of the mother to the needs and rights of children, since mother is the first teacher of the child. Mother has to play a key role in the treatment of the child with cough and cold & pneumonia, as they do not require any hospitalization and are totally preventable and curable. PROBLEM STATEMENT A pre-experimental study to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on the level of knowledge regarding upper respiratory tract infection among mothers of under five children in Dehradun, Uttarakhand. OBJECTIVES 1. To assess the pretest level of knowledge regarding upper respiratory tract infection among the mothers of under five years children. 2. To determine the effectiveness of structured teaching programme regarding upper respiratory tract infection among the mothers. 3. To determine the association between the pre-test level of knowledge with their selected demographic variables. HYPOTHESES H1: There will be a significant difference between the pre- test level of knowledge of upper respiratory tract infection among and under five children mothers. IJTSRD42446 International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470 @ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD42446 | Volume – 5 | Issue – 4 | May-June 2021 Page 954 H2: There will be significant association between pre-test level of knowledge with their selected demographic variables. II. METHODOLOGY The research design used in this study was pre experimental one group pretest posttest design. The study was conducted at Mothrowala, Dehradun, Uttarakhand. 30 mothers of under five children were through purposive sampling technique. Data was collected by structured questionnaire to assess knowledge. Women were explained the procedure and purpose of the study & written informed consent was taken. The pre-test was conducted on the mothers of under five children and structured teaching programme was given on the same day. On the 7th day post-test was conducted on the same subjects to assess the knowledge of them.The data were collected with the help of various tools consisting: Section A:Demographic variables: This section of tool consists of age, religion, marital status, educational qualification, occupation, monthly income, type of family, number of children, any previous history of upper respiratory tract infection in the family and source of knowledge and information regarding upper respiratory tract infection. Section B: Structured Questionnaire: This section consists of structure questionnaire to assess the level of knowledge regarding upper respiratory tract infection among mothers with upper respiratory tract infection in Mothrowala, Dehradun. The total number of questions was 30. III. RESULTS AND FINDINGS The analysis and interpretation of the observation are given in the following section. Section I: Description of demographic variables of study participants. Table no. 1: Frequency and percentage distribution of demographic variables of study participants. N= 30 S. No. Demographic variables Frequency Percentage 1. Age (in years) A. 20-30 B. 31-40 C. 41-50 D. 50 above 14 15 01 00 46.67% 50% 3.33% 00% 2. Religion A. Hindu B. Muslim C. Christian D. Others 21 09 00 00 70% 30% 00% 00% 3. Marital status A. Married B. Single C. Widow D. Divorce 26 01 02 01 86.67% 3.33% 6.67% 3.33% 4. Educational qualification A. Primary education B. Secondary education C. Graduation D. Post-graduation 05 13 07 05 16.67% 43.33% 23.33% 16.67% 5. Occupation A. House wife B. Govt. job C. Private job D. Other 23 01 06 00 76.67% 3.33% 20% 00% 6. Monthly income A. below 5,000 B. 5,001-10,000 C. 10,001-15,000 D. Above 15,000 21 07 00 02 70% 23.33% 00% 6.67% 7. Type of family A. Nuclear family B. Joint family 11 19 36.67% 63.33% 8. No of children A. Only one child B. Two children C. More than two children 10 15 05 33.33% 50% 16.67% 9. Any previous history of Upper Respiratory Tract Infection A. Yes B. No 10 20 33.33% 66.67% International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470 @ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD42446 | Volume – 5 | Issue – 4 | May-June 2021 Page 955 10. Source of knowledge A. Newspaper B. Magazine C. Television & Radio D. Internet 13 00 15 02 43.33% 00% 50% 6.67% Section II: Analysis based on the objectives Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of structure teaching programmeregarding upper respiratory tract infection among the mothers. Table 2: Pre-test and Post-test distribution of subjects according to their knowledge on upper respiratory tract infection. N=30 Reading Obtained score Frequency Percentage Pre test Post test Pre test Post test Adequate 21 & above 00 24 00% 80% Moderate 11 to 20 13 06 43.33% 20% Inadequate 10 & below 17 00 56.67% 00% Maximum score=30 Table 3: Mean and S.D. of pre-test and post-test knowledge regarding Upper Respiratory Tract Infection among mothers of under five children. N=30 Level of knowledge Mean SD Df Calculated t value Tabulated value Level of significance Pre-test 10.33 4.31 29 11.61 2.05 Significant Post-test 21.36 2.92 Maximum score=30 Objective: To determine the association between the pre-test level of knowledge with their demographic variables. Table 4-Association between pre test level of knowledge and demographic variables among mothers ofunder five children regarding upper respiratory tract infection. N= 30 S. No. Demographic variables Level of knowledge Chi- square Table value df Level of significant Adequate Moderate Inadequate 1. Age (in years) A. 20-30 B. 31-40 C. 41-50 D. 50 above 00 00 00 00 05 08 00 00 09 07 01 00 1.32 12.59 6 Not significant 2. Religion A. Hindu B. Muslim C. Christian D. Other 00 00 00 00 12 01 00 00 09 08 00 00 5.41 12.59 6 Not significant 3. Marital status A. Married B. Single C. Widow D. Divorce 00 00 00 00 13 00 00 00 13 01 02 01 3.55 12.59 6 Not significant 4. Educational qualification A. Primary education B. Secondary education C. Graduation D. Post-graduation 00 00 00 00 01 05 02 05 02 10 05 00 7.87 12.59 6 Not significant 5. Occupation A. Housewife B. Govt. job C. Private job D. Other 00 00 00 00 11 01 01 00 12 00 05 00 3.32 12.59 6 Not significant 6. Monthly income A. Below 5,000 B. 5,001-10,000 C. 10,001-15,000 D. Above 15,000 00 00 00 00 08 03 00 02 13 04 00 00 2.87 12.59 6 Not significant International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470 @ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD42446 | Volume – 5 | Issue – 4 | May-June 2021 Page 956 7. Type of family A. Nuclear family B. Joint family 00 00 03 10 08 09 1.81 5.99 2 Not significant 8. No. of children A. Only one child B. Two children C. More than two children 00 00 00 05 04 04 05 10 02 2.74 9.49 4 Not significant 9. Any previous history of URTI A. Yes B. No 00 00 03 10 06 11 5.234 5.99 2 Not significant 10. Source of knowledge A. Newspaper B. Magazine C. T.V & Radio D. Internet 00 00 00 00 04 00 08 01 09 00 07 01 1.580 12.59 6 Not significant IV. DISCUSSION This section relates to the findings of the present study to the findings of the previous studies. The supported study conducted by Prabhat Kumar (2020) on effectiveness of structured teaching program on knowledge regarding prevention of upper respiratory tract infection Showed that there were 40 number (66.67%) of the mothers with inadequate knowledge, 19 number (31.66%) of the mothers with the moderate level of knowledge, 1 number (1.67%) of mother with adequate knowledge whereas in post-test 22 number (36.67%) of mothers had moderate knowledge, 38 numbers (63.33%) had adequate knowledge regarding prevention of upper respiratory tract infection. The similar study conducted by BhumiRaval(2015)on effectiveness of STP on knowledge regarding respiratory tract infection showed that there was no significant association between knowledge of mothers of under five children with selected socio- demographic variable such as age, education, occupation, family income, number of family member and number of under five children. V. CONCLUSION The level of knowledge score was less when assessed after conducting pretest, whereas the score had increased in posttest after the implementation Structured Teaching Programme Upper Respiratory Tract Infection. During posttest the level of knowledge was improve. After pre & posttest assessment of level of knowledge regarding URTI the significant difference between the pre & post test scores was demonstrated by using ”t‟ test & it was found that the structured teaching programme was an effective tool. The study proved that there was no significant association between demographic variables & pretest level of knowledge except for source of knowledge mothers about Upper Respiratory Tract Infection. REFERENCE [1] Brunner. Test book of Medical Surgical Nursing. 11th Edition. 2008; New Dehli. WoltersKluwer. Publication: p.p.589-601. [2] Yamun G. effectiveness of structured teaching programme regarding knowledge on prevention of upper respiratory tract infections among mothers of children 0-5 years at MCH. International journal of current research. 2020; 12(12):15342- 15345.Available at: http://www.journalcra.com [3] Denise F. Polit& Cheryl Tatano Beck. Nursing Research Generating and Assessing Evidence for Nursing Practice, 8th edition. 2010; New Delhi. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins: p.p.23-27. [4] S.Kamalam. Essintials in Community Health Nursing Practice. 2nd edition. 2012; New Delhi. Jaypee Brothers: p.p.:294-295. [5] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper_respiratory_trac t_infection [6] Prabhat Kumar. Effectiveness of structured teaching program on knowledge regarding prevention of upper respiratory tract infection. Int. J. Adv. Res.2020; 8(03): 892-901.Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/IJAR01/10704 [7] BhumiRaval. Effectiveness of STP on knowledge regarding respiratory tract infection. 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