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Global Burden of Kidney Disease
Prevent diabetes protect Kidneys 2010 WKD
www.worldkidneyday.org
Anatomy
A pair of highly vascular bean shaped kidney’s almost the size of ones own fist
situated below the diaphragm on either side of the vertebral column, A few
individuals have only one kidney and can lead a normal life. This is the principle and
success behind the kidney transplantation. Kidneys are found in various places in the
line of the Pelvis and bear several shapes like “Horse shoe” to “Pancake”. Various
abnormalities like double ureters, double pelvis, absent bladder, attachment of ureter
to urethra are rare birth defects.
Physiology
Both kidney work together and remove impurities from the blood. About 200
letters of blood is cleaned every day with out the knowledge of the individual.
Kidneys are the site of production of “Erythropoietin”, a hormone for production of
blood, “Rennin” a major hormone in the maintenance of blood pressure, “Vitamin-D”
essential for synthesis of bone, regulation of calcium phosphorus metabolism,
Prostaglandin a local hormone. Metabolisms of hormones like insulin, growth
hormone, Thyroid hormone are done by kidney’s. Acid base balance, water and
electrolyte balance are regulated by kidneys. Immunity place a major role in the
kidney and its dysfunction due to the high vascularity and filtration processes.
Immunity play a major role in the rejection and maintenance of organ
transplantations.
Dysfunction
Any derangement or difficulty in performing above functions results in the
dysfunction. Dysfunction of kidneys never bring the individual to health care system,
the system should go to the individual for saving the community from disastrous
complications of the society and global population as a whole. This continues with out
getting adequate control or correct treatment or prevention will result in the
irreversible kidney failure.
Globally
“Now more than forty million people with kidney disease awaiting dea