Egypt
Arab Republic of Egypt
جمهورية مصر العربية
Gumhūriyyat Miṣr al-ʿArabiyyah
Flag
Coat of arms
Anthem: Bilady, Bilady, Bilady
Capital
(and largest city)
Cairo
30°2′N 31°13′E / 30.033°N
31.217°E / 30.033; 31.217
Official languages
Arabic1
Ethnic groups
99% Egyptians, 0.9%
Nubians, 0.1% Greeks
Demonym
Egyptian
Government
Semi-presidential republic
-
President
Hosni Mubarak
-
Prime Minister
Ahmed Nazif
Establishment
-
First Dynasty
c.3150 BC
-
Independence from
United Kingdom
28 February 1922
-
Republic declared
18 June 1953
Area
-
Total
1,002,450 km2 (30th)
387,048 sq mi
-
Water (%)
0.632
Population
-
March 2009 estimate
76 million[1] (16th)
-
Density
76/km2 (120th)
196/sq mi
GDP (PPP)
2008 estimate
-
Total
$442.640 billion[2]
-
Per capita
$5,898[2]
GDP (nominal)
2008 estimate
-
Total
$162.164 billion[2]
-
Per capita
$2,161[2]
Gini (1999–00)
34.5 (medium)
HDI (2008)
▼ 0.716 (116th)
Currency
Egyptian pound (EGP)
Time zone
EET (UTC+2)
-
Summer (DST)
EEST (UTC+3)
Drives on the
right
Internet TLD
.eg
Calling code
20
1
Arabic (de jure), Egyptian Arabic (de facto)
Egypt (
/ˈiːdʒɪpt/ ; Arabic: ???
, Miṣr (
/misˤɾ/ ); Egyp-
tian Arabic: Maṣr /ˈmɑsˤɾ/; Coptic: ????, kīmi; Egyptian:
Kemet), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a country
mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming
a land bridge in Western Asia. Covering an area of about
1,010,000 square kilometers (390,000 sq mi), Egypt is
bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the
Gaza Strip and Israel to the northeast, the Red Sea to the
east, Sudan to the south and Libya to the west.
Egypt is one of the most populous countries in Africa
and the Middle East. The great majority of its estimated
76 million[1] live near the banks of the Nile River, in an
area of about 40,000 square kilometers (15,000 sq mi),
where the only arable agricultural land is found. The
large areas of the Sahara Desert are sparsely inhabited.
About half of Egypt’s residents live in urban areas, with
the majority spread across the densely-populated
centres of greater Cairo