Complication of Fracture
Definition
People do not usually die of broken bone
Airway Obstruction
Blood Loss
Brain Injury
Complications of Fractures
Hypovolaemia
Sepsis
Typical Bone Fractures
Complications
Fracture
Treatment
Type
Conservative
Age
Surgery
Site
Post Surgery
Underlying Disease
Common Orthopaedic Fracture, Complications
Bleeding
•
Pelvic Fracture
•
Arterial Injury
Open Fracture
Long Bone Fracture
Dislocation
Compartment Syndrome
Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)
Orthopaedic Emergencies come 2
nd
After
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Classification
Acute (Early)
Delay (Late)
Occur at the time of fracture (immediate) or soon after
Later
Affect mainly Soft Tissues
Affect mainly Bone, Joint
Local
Systemic
Local
Systemic
Compartment Syndrome
Fat Embolism
Bone Healing Problems
• Delayed Union
• Non-Union
• Malunion
Gangrene
Infection
Shock
Tetanus
DVT
Pulmonary Embolism/ ARDS
Septicaemia
Neurovascular
(depend on site of fracture)
• Spine
• Pelvic
• Long Bones
• Shoulder Clavicle
• Elbow, Wrist
• Hip, Neck of Femur
• Knee, Head of Fibula
Exacerbation of underlying diseases
(eg. Diabetes, CAD)
DVT, PE
Joint Stiffness
Pneumonia
Contractures
Myositis Ossificans
Avascular Necrosis
Algodystrophy (Sudeck’s Atrophy)
Osteomyelitis
Growth Disturbance, Deformity
Complications of Fractures
Early
Late
General Other Injuries
Chest Infection
PE
UTI
FES/ ARDS
Bed Sores
Bone
Infection
Non-Union
Malunion
AVN
Soft-Tissues
Plaster Sores/ WI
Tendon Rupture
N/V Injury
Nerve Compression
Compartment Syndrome
Volkmann Contracture
Iatrogenic
Cast
Pressure Ulcers
Thermal Burns
Thrombophlebitis
Compartment Syndrome
Prolonged Cast Immobilization, Cast Disease
• Circulatory Disturbances, Inflammation, Bone Disease
• Results - Osteoporosis, Chronic Edema, Soft-Tissue Atrophy, Joint Stiffness
Good Physiotherapy should avoid these problems
Traction
Prevents patients mobilising causing