TABLE OF CONTENTS
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................ 1
1.
INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................... 5
2.
BACKGROUND............................................................................................................. 5
3.
CREDIT REPORTING SYSTEMS WITHIN THE EU........................................................... 8
3.1. Types of Credit Reporting Systems ................................................................... 8
3.1.1.
Public Credit Registers ........................................................................ 8
3.1.2.
Private Credit Bureaus ........................................................................ 9
3.1.3.
PCRs and CBs: similarities and divergences...................................... 10
3.2. Credit Reporting Systems: rationale and legal framework............................. 13
3.2.1.
Asymmetric information................................................................... 13
3.2.2.
Purposes of credit data sharing ........................................................ 14
3.2.3.
Legal framework ............................................................................... 16
3.3. Existing cross-border data exchanges............................................................. 17
3.3.1.
Public arrangements ......................................................................... 17
3.3.2.
Private arrangements ....................................................................... 18
4.
ACCESS TO CREDIT DATA .......................................................................................... 20
4.1. Cross-border access ........................................................................................ 20
4.1.1.
The direct access model.................................................................... 20
4.1.2.
The indirect access model.......................