International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) Volume 5 Issue 4, May-June 2021 Available Online: www.ijtsrd.com e-ISSN: 2456 – 6470 @ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD43635 | Volume – 5 | Issue – 4 | May-June 2021 Page 1432 Distribution of Syntactic Components Expressing Temporality on the Base of English and Uzbek Materials Suvanov. D. Sh. Master Student of SamSIFL, Uzbekistan ABSTRACT The article investigates syntactical distribution of components, expressing temporality. Such cases are studied on the material of two languages: English and Uzbek in comparative aspect which reveals similarities and differences in expressing ways of temporality. KEYWORDS: temporality, predicate, component, distribution, syntactical units, differencial sign How to cite this paper: Suvanov. D. Sh. "Distribution of Syntactic Components Expressing Temporality on the Base of English and Uzbek Materials" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456- 6470, Volume-5 | Issue-4, June 2021, pp.1432-1433, URL: www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd43635.pdf Copyright © 2021 by author (s) and International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Journal. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) (http: //creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0) INTRODUCTION The research aims to the distribution of syntaxemes expressing temporality (on the material of English and Uzbek languages). Generally, syntax is a part of grammar which treats of phrases and sentences. B.A. Ilyish says that the theory of phrase seems to be the least developed element of English grammar whereas the theory of sentence has a long and fruitful history. The difference between a phrase and a sentence is a fundamental one. A phrase is a means of naming some phenomena or process, just as a word is. Each component of a phrase can undergo changes according to its grammatical categories (drive a car – drove a car – drives a car, etc). The sentence, on the contrary, is a unit with every word having its definite form. Any formal change would produce a new sentence. Sentence is a unit of communication and intonation is one of the most important features of a sentence, which distinguishes it from a phrase [1, p.61]. In world linguistics today, the study of the complex and multi-layered structure of the syntactic level is particularly relevant in the work devoted to the grammatical system of different languages. The comparative-functional study of temporality and its deictic properties is one of the factors contributing to the rise of new fields in linguistics, as well as the integration of linguistics with other disciplines. Analysis of syntactic units in terms of new directions of functional linguistics on the basis of a systematic and integrated approach to the studied phenomena, determines their role in speech structures and their syntagmatic and paradigmatic relevance. The question of the comparative-functional study of temporality and its deictic properties in world linguistics has aroused the interest of many linguists. In particular, temporality and its classification, the reflection of temporality in the process of translation from one language to another, the paradigm of temporal syntaxes, temporal dexterity and its essence in the speech device are studied. At the same time, in our linguistics it is important to study the comparative-functional study of deictic states of temporal units in the system of unrelated English and Uzbek languages based on modern methodological principles. The phenomenon of temporality has been the subject of many scientific studies in world and Uzbek linguistics. It should be noted that in English and Uzbek, temporality occurs mainly in connection with the activation of the tense. Time is source of mystery and sometimes treated as philosophical curiosity. However, there is much benefit in being able to automatically extract temporal relations in theoretical grammar. Temporality is the condition of being bounded in time. It is proposed that temporal expressions are used in language to account for the structure of events under the cognitive assumption of iconity between form and meaning. A discussion is presented on fully elaborated temporal expression in event structure as opposed to their reduced versions as well as their contribution to asymmetric events in language, exemplified with the materials from large language corpora. The questions which arise with reference to time experience and its manifestation in language involve a number of specific issues. IJTSRD43635 International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470 @ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD43635 | Volume – 5 | Issue – 4 | May-June 2021 Page 1433 The term "temporality" is widely used not only in the natural but also in the social sciences, and is on the concept of "time". First of all, time is a philosophical, ontological category. In philosophy, time is a form of existence, "representing the existence and sequence, continuity of changes in the state of all material systems and processes in the universe" [3, p.191]. The categories of time, space, and motion are studied in this discipline as specific units, although time is defined as the “basic category of the universe,” “the most important factor in the existence of the universe and man,” and psychological, biological, cultural, physical, and spatial times” [2, p.7]. According to another classification, there are only three types of time: physical, that is, time "as an element of the objective universe"; chronological time, that is, "the time that represents the sequence of events"; “One or another semiotic, expressed through the formal linguistic units of the human mind attempts to create a real-time model using systems” [2, p.11]. In addition, there is an "absolute time" that does not depend on the occurrence of certain processes, which are external conditions of existence, and a relative time in which various processes take place. The category of time is morphological-syntactic by its linguistic nature and does not correspond to the logical- semantic category of temporality both in terms of content and in terms of expression. The category of temporality includes both grammatical and lexical means of expressing temporal relations, and it also has a broader meaning than the concept of time in terms of volume. In linguistics, representatives of such disciplines as grammatical (traditional), cognitive, communicative and functional grammar are engaged in the study of the category of temporality and time. References: [1] Ilyish B. A. The Structure of Modern English. - Leningrad. 1971.-378 р. [2] Jacobs R. A. English Syntax. A Grammar for English Language Professionals. – Oxford University Press, 1993. – 378 p. [3] Pocheptsov G. G. Phatic communication // Semantics and pragmatics of syntaxical units. – Kalinin, 1981. – С. 52-59. [4] Petrash N. V. On temporal syntaxemes in the English sentence // "Systematic semantic relations in the language (study on Romano-Germanic linguistics) - Volgograd, 1978-issue 8" article. [5] Zimek R. Toward a Structural Understanding of a Sentence. Ceskolovenska rusistika, 1967, No. 2. p. 80- 87.