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` 1 ACADEMIC CALENDAR GRADE XI-XII Academic Year 2020-21 Directorate of Curriculum & Teacher Education (DCTE) Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Abbottabad ` i ` i PREFACE Preface Life is completely crippled by pandemic covid-19 in all respects. World is affected badly by this pandemic where governments all over the world had to lock down almost all the institutions country wide. Pakistan had to face the same situation in almost all institutions in general and educational institutions in particular due to their closure for almost seven months. Our country is still facing the worst situation due to the second wave of covid-19 and there is complete uncertainty about future course. Keeping in view this worst situation the Government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Elementary and secondary education Department has taken an initiative of introducing an accelerated academic calendar for educational institutions to cater the needs of the students in the prevailing scenario. The Directorate of Curriculum and Teacher Education (DCTE) being competent authority has the task of reducing the Higher Secondary School Certificate (HSSC) syllabus. Consequently, this Directorate arranged a workshop. Subject Experts from the various educational institution both from collages and School were invited for the preparation of this accelerated syllabus. This accelerated syllabus is prepared in light of the expected available time for students in the prevailing situation. It was also kept in mind that the basic concepts and ideas of all subjects must not be affected. It is hoped that this accelerated academic calendar will be helpful to students in all respects in fulfilling their study requirements. I am thankful to all the Subject Experts of various institutions who participated in this activity by offering their expertise on short notice, I acknowledge and appreciate their efforts in this regard. I also appreciate the efforts DCTE personnel in completion of this urgently needed national task on emergency grounds. Gohar Ali Khan Director Curriculum and Teacher Education Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Abbottabad ` ii بر تیااہد ا ہتذساا ئے ماکر 1 ۔ رکیلنڈ تعلیمی یہ COVID-19 فصر سے جہو کی باو کی -21 0202 ۔ گا ئےجا کیا لستعماا لیے کے گلےا لسا تعلیمی گاہو لمعمو حسب عمل یسیرتد سے ۔ 0 ۔ تارتصو ملشا میں رکیلنڈ تعلیمی سا فصر ، تنااعنو ، کا ہی مکا عملی روا تنااعنو یلیذ ۔ گا ئےجا یاھاپڑ دامو 3 ۔ سیرد مو میں بکتا شقوں دجود تعلیمی سا جود ہے گئی یدکر ہیندنشا کی میں رکیلنڈ ملشا ہیں ۔ 4 ۔ مکا عملی تھسا کے مینمضا جن (Practical) میزلا ہیں ، نا ۔ ئےجا کھار لخیا کا صلےفا جیسما میں 5 ۔ دامو سیرد متما جہا میں کہیں بھی کا سلمو علیہ للہا صلی کپا رحضو ِسما آ کرمبا ئےجا تمخا مکرا لسور کو سا تو لنبیینا ۔ ئےجا ھاپڑ روا لکھا سلمو لہآو علیہ للہا صلی للہا لسور محمد تجا چہپر نہلاسا ئےابر تیااہد ئےابر چہپر تنامتحاا نہلاسا کے ڈربو 01 - 0202 میں رکیلنڈ تعلیمی سیا گئے یےد دامو (Content) ہی پر مشتمل ۔ گے ہو ` iii ACCELERATED ACADEMIC CALENDAR FOR HIGHER SECONDARY CLASSES Education systems in most countries have been adversely affected by COVID-19, and has prompted widespread country-wide school//college closures and physical distancing measures, likewise in Pakistan, and specifically in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province. Talking specifically of Khyber Pakhtunkh, for an enhanced education system-level response to the pandemic, The Elementary & Secondary Education Department, Government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa undertook substantial steps to ensure continuity of learning in an equitably. An important step taken by the E&SED is the Development of Accelerated Academic Calendar for the Higer Secondary classes. The Boards of Intermediate and Secondary Education in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and other stakeholders highlighted the need for the development of Accelerated Academic Calendar (ACC) at the Higher Secondary level classes i.e. 11th and 12th. These classes have also suffered in terms of time lost, the same way as the lower grades. The students are at the decisive entry point in pursuit of their academic career as they have to appear for the Board Examination. For this academic session, the teaching learning time available is less than the normal routine. Since this is a critical and complex level, with a complicated vertical and horizontal alignments and closely knit progression of the course contents in each subject, it cannot be left to the teachers to pick and choose the topics to be dropped or taught to the students. There is a need for carefully and technically reviewing the course contents, and the Academic Calendar, by the Subject Experts, and decide the selection of content to be taught to students in the shortened time period, without disturbing its alignment. As this is high stake intervention, which will enable the teachers to make effective and efficient use of the time available and cover all the essential course contents, and help students to be able to show good performance in summative assessment and examination. It will be mandatory for BISEs set the papers on the topics/contents mentioned in the AAC for the session 2020-2021. ` iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Grade-XI XI XII Englihs 1-2 52-53 Urdu (Compulsory) 3-4 54-55 Islamiat (Compulsory) 5-6 --- Paksitan Studies --- 56-58 Physics 7-9 59-62 Biology 10-14 63-69 Chemsitry 15-18 70-75 Mathematics 19-22 76-79 Statistics 23-25 80-82 Economics 26-27 83-84 Computer Science 28-30 85-87 Health & Physical Education 31 88 Home Economics 32-33 89 General Mathematics 34-36 90-93 Islamic Studies 37-38 94-95 Civics 39-40 96-97 Islamic History 41-43 98-100 Home Economics Group 44-46 101-103 Urdu Advance 47 104 Pashto 48-49 105-106 Library Science 50 107 Geography 51 108 ` 1 ENGLISH-XI S. No Title of Unit Status Content Retained/Included Content Excluded/Removed 1. Responsibility of Youth Retained (Except two comprehension questions) Comprehension Question No. 7 & 8 are excluded (Page No. 06 & 07) 2. His First Flight Retained Nil 3. Good Timber (Poem) Retained Nil 4. From Mother With Love Nil Excluded along with complete exercise (Page No.30 – 46) 5. It’s Country for Me Retained (along with complete exercise) Nil 6. Mother to Son (Poem) Retained (Except two comprehension questions) Comprehension Question No. 2 & 6 are excluded (Page No. 58) 7. Choice of Career Retained (Except two comp. questions) Comprehension Question No. 5 & 6 are excluded (Page No.70) 8. Wasteland Nil Excluded along with complete exercise (Page No.75 – 81) 9. White Lamb Retained (Except two comprehension questions) Comprehension Question No. 5 & 8 are excluded (Page No.90) 10. the World is Too Much With us (Poem) Retained (Except two comprehension questions) Comprehension Question No. 1 & 4 are excluded (Page No.95) 11. The Importance of family Nil Excluded along with complete exercise (Page No.100– 110) 12. The Blanket Retained (Except two comprehension questions) Comprehension Question No. 6 & 7 are excluded (Page No.116) 13. Ozymandias (Poem) Retained (Except four comprehension questions) Comprehension Questions No. 1, 2, 6 & 7 are excluded (Page No.122) 14. A Long Walk Home Retained (Except two comprehension questions) Comprehension Question No. 4 & 9 are excluded (Page No.131) 15. University Days Nil Excluded along with complete exercise (Page No.137 –145 ) 16. School VS Education Nil Excluded along with complete exercise (Page No.146 – 151) ` 2 17. What you Do is What You are Retained (Except two comprehension questions) Comprehension Question No. 3 & 5 are excluded (Page No.156) 18. A Dream Within a Dream (Poem) Nil Excluded along with complete exercise (Page No.159 – 166) 19. Drug Abuse in Youth of Pakistan Retained (Except one comprehension questions) Only comprehension Question No. 2 is excluded (Page No.172) 20. How to Take a Job Interview Nil Excluded along with complete exercise (Page No.176 – 195) 21. The Road Not Taken (Poem) Nil Excluded along with complete exercise (Page No.196 – 202) 22. The Progress Retained (Except six comprehension questions) Comprehension Question No. 01, 05, 06, 07, 08 & 11 are excluded (Page No.226) Note: Character sketche(s) in the play should be dealt as a separate long question. ` 3 URDU (COMPULSORY)-XI نثر حصّہ مصنف ناعنو نمبر صفحہ کا بکتا سیرد شما نمبر ر نخا حمدا سید سر پآ دمد پنیا ۱ تا ۹ ۱ ڈ خا مصطفیٰ مغلا کٹرا ن نظر پا ٔ یہ نکستا ۱۱ تا ۱۱ ۱ ییلوبر تدعبا کٹراڈ میں ےربا کے بدا کچھ ۱۹ تا ۵۱ ۵ رشاسر تھنا تنر میں ہیاکڑ سر روا میں گھی نچوپا کی جی غہوراد ۱۱ تا ۱۱ ۱ رمستو یجہخد نگن آ ۱۵ تا ۱۱ ۱ ینلدا معین جہاخو لغابا ِتعلیم ۱۱ تا ۳۵ ۱ نشاا بنِا ہغیرو دبا کنار بآِ رکنا روا زاشیر ۳۱ تا ۹۵ ۱ لبغا ازمر مکتو فرارفع یراری ب ازمر مبنا مہر بیگ علی تمحا نمبر خطع ۱ ۱۰۱ تا ۱۰۱ ، ۱۰۱ مشق مع ع ۳ لقباا مہعلا منا کے محمد رنو شیخع میاگر لداو نمبر خطع ۱ ۱۱۰ تا ۱۱۱ مشق معع نظم حصّہ یردلقاا ہرما حمد ۱۱۱ تا ۱۱۱ ۱ کُو کا محسن یور نعت ۱۱۱ تا ۱۱۹ ۱ حسن میر کا ےداشہز ۔۔۔۔ روا ناسو پر چھت یمثنوع ۱۱۱ تا ۱۱۱ ۵ نیسا میر ثیہمرع دامر رِ ُ د ۱۱۱ تا ۱۵۰ ۱ لیحا حسین فلطاا سمسدع ا ۱۵۱ تا ۱۵۳ ۱ یجعفر محمد سید ٹکو نااپر ۱۱۱ تا ۱۱۹ ۱ یحدسر دمحمو ازمر تقطعا ۱۱۵ تا ۱۱۱ ۱ لغز حصّہ میر تقی میر چلے کر اصد ئےآ نہافقیر ۱۱۰ تا ۱۱۱ ، ۱۱۵ تا ۱۱۱ ۱ خو ا درد میر جہ تھا نہ رود کچھ سے قمعشو کسی شق عا ِقتل ۱۱۱ تا ۱۱۱ ۱ ا سدا ازمر للہ لبغا نخا لغز تلااسو مشقیع ۱ بقمطا کے گے ہو نکلے مد پہ ہشاخو ہر کہ یسیا ہشیںاخو وراہز ۱۱۱ ، ۱۱۵ تا ۱۱۱ ۵ یہلود غاد آ ود نےہو اجد نہ سے نظر پنیا ئینہ ۱۱۱ تا ۱۱۱ ۱ ` 4 و عداقو :نشاا کی فعل ،فعل یدامدا علفا ،یفدر،فیہقا،بقتمطا سے ہرومحا،ہمرزور ،مقطع،مطلع بیا ِعلم ن : ،ہرستعاا ،تشبیہ مُر زِمجا یہکنا ،سل، کی یفتعر روا لیںمثا :یعبد ِعلم یفتعر نشر و لف ِصنعت ،تضمین ِ صنعت ،لنظیرا ۃعاامر ِصنعت ،تعلیل ِ حسن ِصنعت،دتضا ِصنعت،تلمیح ِصنعت ا رو لیںمثا سُخن فِصناا : تقطعا روا لغز،نظم ،ثیہمر ،یمثنو،نعت ،حمد کی یفتعر مہنا سفر،ماارڈ،لونا،نمضمو روا یراری بمکتو کی یفتعر :یزادپرنشاا مکا لمہ / خط/ستاخورد سیدر/ بیتی پآ : ٹ نو ۔گے ہو بنصا ِملشا بھی عداقو دجودمو میں تلااسو مشقی کے تلیاغز روا تمامنظو،قسباا ہشد فحذ ` 5 ISLAMIYAT (COMPULSORY)-XI تنااعنو ہزمجو ناعنو کا ببا نمبر ببا :حیدتو ِ حیدتو تصفا و تاذ کشر :لتسار تروضر کی لسور تصیاخصو کی سا روا سلمو بہاو لہآ علیٰو علیہ للہا صلی محمد لتسار : تخرآ زنما ہزور ۃکوٰز فرارف عحج ، معیتجا ، ئدافو دجہا و لہآ علیٰو علیہ للہا صلی للہا لسور روا لیٰارف للہا و بہ صحاا عتطاا و محبت کی سلم :دلعباا قحقو کے ینلداو قحقو قحقو کے ئیوہمسا قحقو کے وراد شتہر : یاراد مہذ تیشرمعا :قخلاا سنمحا o یرانتدیاد ، ئیسچا ، لحلا کسب ، ریثاا :ئلاذر قیخلاا o غیبت ،تکبر ، حسد ل حمۃر لمین اعل تخوا تاومسا رگزردوعفو نآقر ئلفضا مجید ئدعقا یدبنیا تشخص میسلاا مکرا لسور ٗہسوا صلى الله عليه وسلم لوا ببا مود ببا مسو ببا ` 6 قفر میں نا روا تیںرسو نیمد روا مکی مجید نآقر ینوتد و ظتحفا بیاخو کی مجید نآقر سنت روا یثحد حیثیت عیشر کی سنت یا یثحد مکملع تیاآ منتخب مکملعیثدحاا منتخب و نآقر فرارف یثحد مرچہا ببا ` 7 PHYSICS -XI Unit 1: Measurement 1.2. Supplementary units (Radian, Steradian) 1.5 Error 1.6 Uncertainty 1.8 Precision and accuracy 1.9 Dimensions of physical quantities Unit 2: Vectors and equilibrium 2.5 Resolution of vectors 2.6 Addition of vectors by rectangular components 2.7 Product of vectors 2.9 Torque Unit 3: Motion and force 3.8 Linear momentum A. Newton’s second law and linear momentum B. Impulse and change of momentum 3.9 Collision A. Elastic Collision B. Inelastic Collision C. Perfectly elastic collision in one dimension 3.11 Projectile motion Unit 4: Work and energy 4.1. Work 4.1.1 Work done by constant force 4.1.2 Work done by a variable force 4.2 Work done in gravitational field 4.6 Absolute potential energy 4.7 Escape velocity 4.8 Work energy theorem in resistive medium Unit 5: Rotational and circular motion 5.1 Angular motion 5.2 Relation between angular and linear quantities 5.3. Centripetal force and centripetal acceleration 5.3.1. Centrifugal force or reaction force (Banking of roads) 5.4 Torque and moment of inertia 5.5 Angular momentum and torque 5.6 Conservation of angular momentum 5.7 Kinetic energy of rotation 5.8 Rolling of disc and hoop down the inclined plane 5.9 The real and apparent weight ` 8 Unit 6: Fluid Dynamics 6.1 Viscous fluid 6.2 Fluid friction and Stoke’s law. 6.3 Terminal velocity, fluid flow 6.4 Equation of continuity Unit 7: Oscillations 7.4 Circular motion and SHM 7.5 Simple pendulum 7.7 Resonance 7.10 Damped oscillation Unit 8: Waves 8.3 Characteristics of progressive waves 8.3.1 Transverse waves 8.3.2 Longitudinal waves 8.3.3 Characteristics of waves 8.4 Speed of sound 8.4.1 Laplace correction 8.4.2 Effects of various factors on speed of sound in air 8.11 Transverse stationary waves in stretched string 8.14 Doppler’s effect (i). Source is moving, listener is at rest (ii). Source is at rest and listener is moving (iii) When source and listener both move Unit 9: Physical Optics 9.1 Nature of light 9.2 Wave front 9.3 Huygen’s principle 9.4 Coherent sources 9.5 Interference of light 9.6 Young’s double slit experiment 9.9 Diffraction of light 9.10 Diffraction at single slit 9.13 Polarization of light 9.13.3 Polarization by reflection Unit 10: Thermodynamics 10.5 Thermodynamic system 10.6 Reversible and irreversible processes 10.7 First law of thermodynamics 10.7.1 Applications of first law of thermodynamics 10.8 Molar Specific heat of a gas 10.9 Heat engine 10.10 Second law of thermodynamics 10.13 Entropy ` 9 Note: All MCQs, short questions and problems relevant to the above mentioned topics along with sub headings are included. List of practical for grade XI 1. Measure length and diameter of a solid cylinder and hence estimate its volume quoting proper number of significant figures using Vernier callipers. 2. Determine the weight of a body by vector addition of forces. 3. Verify that the time period of the simple pendulum is directly proportional to the square root of its length and hence find the value of ‘g’ from the graph. 4. Determination of frequency of A.C by Melde’s apparatus / electric sonometer. 5. Investigation of the laws of vibration of stretched strings by sonometer or electromagnetic method. 6. Determine the specific heat of a solid by electrical method. ` 10 BIOLOGY-XI Unit Topic/Subtopic 1. CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION 1.3 Cell Wall and Plasma Membrane 1.3.1 Cell Wall 1.3.2 Plasma Membrane 1.3.3 Role of Plasma Membrane 1.4 Cytoplasm 1.4.1 Cytoplasmic Organelles i. Endoplasmic Reticulum ii. Ribosomes iii. Golgi Apparatus (Dictyosomes) iv. Lysosomes v. Peroxisomes and Glyoxisomes vi. Cytoskeleton vii. Centrioles viii. Mitochondria ix. Plastids x. Nucleus (Diploid and Haploid Number of Chromosomes are excluded) 1.5 Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cell 2. BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES Introduction 2.2 Biological Importance of Water 2.3 Carbohydrates 2.3.1 Monosaccharides 2.3.2 Oligosaccharides 2.4 Proteins 2.4.1 Structure of Amino Acids 2.4.2 Shape of Proteins 2.4.4 Functions of Proteins 2.5 Lipids 2.5.1 Acylglycerol 2.5.2 Phospholipids 2.6 Nucleic Acids 2.6.1 Nucleotides 2.6.2 Mononucleotides 2.6.3 Dinucleotide 2.6.4 Polynucleotides 1. Deoxyribonucleic Acid 2. Ribonucleic Acid 2.7 Conjugated Molecules 3. ENZYMES 3.1 Enzyme Structure 3.2 Mode of enzyme Action 3.2.1 Lock and Key Hypothesis 3.2.2 Induced-Fit hypothesis A. Reaction Mechanism B. Molecule Geometry C. Energy Changes 3.5 Factors that Affect the Rate of Enzyme Reactions 3.6 Feedback Inhibition ` 11 4. BIOENERGETICS 4.1 Photosynthesis 4.1.1 The role of Sunlight in Photosynthesis 4.1.2 Photosynthetic Pigments a. Chlorophylls b. Carotenoids 4.1.3 Absorption Spectra of Chlorophylls and Carotenoids (Definitions Only) 4.1.4 Action Spectrum (Definition Only) 4.1.5 Role of CO2 as one of the raw materials of Photosynthesis 4.1.6 Role of Water in Photosynthesis 4.2 Mechanism of Photosynthesis 4.2.1 Light Reaction (Light dependent reaction) a. Non Cyclic Electron Transport Light Reaction b. Cyclic Electron Transport 4.2.2 Dark Reaction (Calvin Cyclic) (Light- independent reaction) 4.3 Respiration a. Glycolysis b. Conversion of pyruvate to Acetyl-CoA (Linked reaction) c. Kreb Cycle or Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle (TCA) d. Respiratory Electron transport Chain 5. ACELLULAR LIFE 5.2 Discovery of the viruses 5.3 Classification of Viruses 5.4 Structure of some Reproductive Viruses 5.4.1 Structure of Bacteriophage 5.6 Life Cyclic of a Bacteriophage a. Lytic cycle b. Lysogenic cycle 5.8 AIDS and HIV Infection 5.8.1 Life cycle of human immunodeficiency virus 5.8.2 Symptoms of HIV 5.8.3 Opportunistic Invasions 5.8.4 Treatment for AIDS 5.8.5 Prevention of AIDS and HIV Infection 5.9 Some other Viral Diseases a. Hepatitis (Herpes, Polio and Leaf curl disease of cotton are excluded) 6. PROKARYOTES 6.4 Bacteria 6.4.2 Structure of Bacteria 6.4.3 Size and Shape of Bacteria 6.4.5 Mode of Nutrition in Bacteria 6.4.7 Growth in Bacteria 6.4.8 Reproduction a. Asexual Reproduction b. Sexual Reproduction c. Transformation (Transduction and Conjugation are excluded) 6.5 Importance of Bacteria 6.9 Control of Harmful Bacteria ` 12 7. PROTISTA AND FUNGI Introduction 7.1 Protista a. Animal like protists (Protozoa) (Zooflagellates, Amoeboid protozoan, Apicomplexes and Ciliates are excluded) b. Plant lie Protists c. Fungus like Protists (Importance of Protista to Humans is excluded) 7.2 Kingdom Fungi 7.2.1 General Characteristics of Fungi 7.2.2 Classes of Fungi and their diagnostic Features 7.2.3 Importance of Fungi 8. DIVERSITY AMONG PLANTS Introduction 8.2 Non- Vascular Plants 8.2.1 General Characteristics of Bryophytes 8.2.3 Land Adaptation by Bryophytes 8.3 General Characteristics of vascular plants (Tracheophytes) 8.4.2 Class 2: Gymnospermae 8.4.3 Class 3: Angiospermae 8.4.4 Life Cycle of Angiosperms 9. DIVERSITY AMONG ANIMALS Introduction 9.1 Classification of Animals 9.3 Subkingdom Parazoa 9.3.1 Phylum Porifera 9.4 Subkingdom Eumetazoa a. Grade Radiate b. Phylum Coelenterata c. Grade Bilateria 1. Phylum Platyhelminthes 2. Phylum Aschelminths ( Nematoda) 3. Phylum Mollusca 4. Phylum Annelida 5. Phylum Arthropoda (Metamorphosis in Arthropoda is excluded) 6. Phylum Echinodermata 8. Phylum Chordata 10. FORM AND FUNCTIONS IN PLANTS 10.1 Plant Nutrition 10.2 Role of stomata in Gaseous Exchange and Transpiration 10.3.3 Movement of water through roots 10.3.4 Water Movement in Xylem through TACT Mechanism 10.3.6 Translocation of Organic Solutes 10.6 Growth and Development in Plants 1. Apical meristem 2. Lateral meristem 10.7.2 Plants Movements 1. Turgor Movement 2. Growth Movements a. autonomic Movements b. Paratonic Movements c. Tropic movements (ii. Nastic movements and iii. Tactic movements are excluded) ` 13 10.7.4 Vernalization 11. DIGESTION 11.1 Mechanical and Chemical Digestion in the Oral Cavity 11.1.1 Swallowing process 11.1.2 Peristalsis 11.1.3 Food in stomach 11.1.4 Structure of stomach 11.1.5 Absorption in stomach 11.1.6 Functions of the stomach 11.1.7 Mechanism of secretion of gastric juice 11.2 Food in Small intestine 11.2.1 Function of the small intestine 11.2.2 Digestive function of the duodenum 11.2.3 Digestive function of the jejunum 11.2.4 Digestive function of ileum 11.2.5 Absorption of nutrients in the small intestine 11.3 Digestion in the large intestine 11.3.1 Structure of the large intestine 11.4 Liver 11.5 Pancreas 11.5.1 Structure of Pancreas 11.6 Relation of bile and pancreatic juice with the secretion hormone 12. CIRCULATION 12.1 Human Blood Circulatory System 12.1.1 Cardiac Cycle and Phases of Heartbeat 12.1.4 Blood Vessels 12.1.5 Path of Blood through Pulmonary and Systemic Circulation 12.1.6 Exchange of Material 12.1.7 Control of the Capillary Beds 12.3 Lymphatic System 13. IMMUNITY 13.1 First line of Defense 13.1.1 Physical Components of the Skin’s Defense 13.1.2 Components of the Skin’s Defense 13.1.3 Defense against Infection in the Digestive Tract 13.1.4 Cilia and Mucus 13.2 Second Line of Defense 13.2.1 Role of Macrophages and Neutrophils 13.2.2 Roles of Natural Killers (NK) Cells 13.2.5 Inflammatory response as one of the non- specific defenses 13.3 Third Line of Defense (The Specific Defense) 13.4 Basic types of Immunity 13.4.1 Types of acquired immunity 13.4.2 Vaccination a mean to develop active acquired immunity 13.5 Specific defense mechanisms 13.5.1 Structural Model of Antibodies ` 14 BIOLOGY PRACTICALS-XI ACCORDING TO NATIONAL CURRICULUM 2006 CH 1. CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION Examination of prepared slides of animal and plant cells CH 2. BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES Performing Benedict’s test for reducing sugars and confirmation of the presence of starch through Iodine test Confirmation of the presence of proteins through Biuret test Confirmation of the presence of lipids through Emulsion test CH 3. ENZYMES Performing of chemical test to demonstrate that enzymes are proteins CH 4. BIOENERGETICS Extraction of the leaf pigments and their separation by paper chromatography CH 5. ACELLULAR LIFE No Practical Activity CH 6. PROKARYOTES Study of Nostoc, Ocillatoria and Anabaena from fresh or preserved material CH 7. PROTISTA AND FUNGI Observation and drawing labeled diagrams of the life cycle of black bread mold and Penicillium from fresh culture and prepared slides CH 8. DIVERSITY AMONG PLANTS Identification of the vegetative and reproductive structure of Funaria by examining the fresh or preserved material Identification of the vegetative and reproductive structure of a local fern and Pinus and relate them with the concerned life cycles. Describing the flowers of Rose, Cassia fistula/ Arabica, Solanum nigrum, Avena sativa and Petunia specie CH 9. DIVERSITY AMONG ANIMALS Classifying the given invertebrates into Phyla CH 10. FORM AND FUNCTIONS IN PLANTS Demonstration of phototropism, geotropism and thigmotropism in plants CH 11. DIGESTION Microscopic observation of the villi, liver and pancreas from prepared slides CH 12. CIRCULATION Differentiation of an artery and a vein by observing prepared slides CH 13. IMMUNITY Recognizing phagocytes and lymphocytes while observing prepared slides ` 15 CHEMISTRY-XI Note: 1. This reduced Syllabus is prepared only for the Current Academic session (2020-21) in the wake of COVID-19 scenario. 2. Only those MCQs and exercise questions related to the topics included in the reduced syllabus may be considered for Evaluation/Assessment. 3. Information/questions regarding Science and technology and self-assessment may not be considered for evaluation/Assessment. Chapter 1: Stoichiometry Introduction 1.1 Mole and Avogadro Number (NA) 1.2 Mole calculation 1.3 Excess and Limiting Reactant 1.4 Theoretical and Actual yield Chapter 2: Atomic structure Introduction 2.2 Bohr’s Atomic Model and its application 2.2.1 Derivation of Radius, Energy, frequency, Wavelength, and Wave Number 2.2.2 Spectrum of Hydrogen Atom 2.2.3 Defects of Bohr’s Atomic Model 2.3 Planck Quantum Theory 2.5 Quantum Numbers 2.5.1 Principal Quantum Numbers (n) 2.5.2 Azimuthal Quantum Numbers (l) 2.5.3 Magnetic Quantum Numbers (m) 2.5.4 Spin Quantum Numbers (s) 2.6 Electronic Configuration 2.6.1. Aufbau’s Principle 2.6.2 Pauli Exclusion Principle 2.6.3 Hund’s Rule 2.6.4 Electronic Configuration Chapter 3: Theories of Covalent Bonding and shapes of Molecules Introduction 3.1 Shapes of Molecules 3.1.1 Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory (VSEPR) Application of VSEPR theory 3.2 Theories of Covalent Bonding 3.2.1 Valence Bond Theory (VBT) and Hybridization 3.2.2 Molecular Orbital Theory (MOT) Application of MOT 3.3.4 Dipole Moment ` 16 Chapter 4: States of Matter I; Gases Introduction 4.2.2 Graphical Explanation of Absolute Zero 4.3 Avogadro’s Law 4.4.1 Derivation of Ideal Gas Equation 4.4.2 Gas Constant and its value 4.7 Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressure 4.8 Graham’s Law of Diffusion and Effusion Experimental verification of Graham’s Law of Diffusion. Chapter 5: States of Matter II; Liquids Introduction 5.2 Intermolecular Forces (Van der Waals Forces) 5.2.1 Dipole-Dipole Interaction 5.2.2 Hydrogen Bonding Application of Hydrogen Bonding. 5.2.3 London Forces 5.3 Physical Properties of Liquids 3. Boiling Point. Chapter 6 : States of Matter III: Solids Introduction 6.2 Types of Solids 6.2.1 Amorphous Solids 6.2.2 Crystalline solids 6.3 Properties of Crystalline Solids 6.3.1 Symmetry 6.3.2 Geometrical Shape 6.3.3 Melting Point 6.3.4 Cleavage Plane 6.3.5 Habit of Crystal 6.3.6 Crystal Growth 6.3.7 Anisotropy 6.3.8 Isomorphism 6.3.9 Polymorphism 6.3.10 Allotropy 6.3.11 Transition Temperature. Chapter 7: Chemical Equilibrium Introduction 7.1.2 Law of Mass Action and Expression for Equilibrium Constant. 7.1.3 Relation between Equilibrium Constants (Kc, Kp, Kx, and Kn) 7.2 Factors Affecting Equilibrium Le-Chatelier’s Principle 7.2.1 Effect of Concentration 7.2.2 Effect of Change in Pressure or volume 7.2.3 Effect of Change in temperature 7.2.4 Effect of Catalyst on equilibrium ` 17 Chapter 8: Acids, Bases and Salts Introduction 8.4 Expressing the strength of Acids and Bases 8.4.1 Ionization Equation of Water 8.4.2 pH, pOH and Kw 8.4.3 Acid Ionization Constant Ka and pKa 8.4.5 Base Ionization Constant Kb and pKb 8.4.6 Relationship of Ka and Kb 8.6 Buffer Solutions and their Applications Unit 9: Chemical Kinetics Introduction 9.2.2 Specific Rate Constant 9.2.3 Order of Reaction and its Determination. 9.2.3.1 First Order Reaction 9.2.3.2 Second Order Reaction 9.2.3.3 Third Order Reaction 9.3 Collision theory, Transition state and Activation Energy 9.3.1 Activation Energy and Transition State 9.3.2 Collision theory of Rate reaction Chapter 10: Solutions and Colloids Introduction 10.2 Concentration units 10.2.2 Molarity 10.2.3 Molality 10.2.4 Mole Fraction (X) 10.2.5 Parts per million, billion and trillions 10.3 Raoult’s Law 10.3.1 The solution of Volatile Solutes and Solvents (both Components are volatile) 10.3.2 Non-Volatile and Non-Electrolyte Solutes in Volatile Solvents 10.4 Colligative Properties of Dilute Solutions. 10.4.1 Vapor Pressure Lowering 10.4.2 Boiling Point Elevation and Freezing Point Depressions. 10.4.3 Molar mass determination by Vapor Pressure Lowering, Boiling Point Elevation, and Freezing Point Depression. Chapter 11: Thermochemistry Introduction 11.4 First law of Thermodynamics 11.5 Standard State and Standard Enthalpy changes 11.8 Hess’s Law (Enthalpy change calculations) Chapter 12: Electrochemistry 12.1 Oxidation- Reduction concepts 12.1.1 Oxidation and Reduction 12.1.2 Oxidation State or Oxidation Number 12.1.3 Recognizing Oxidation and Reduction Reactions. ` 18 12.1.4 Balancing Redox Equations by Oxidation Number Method 12.1.5 Balancing the Redox Equations by the Half-Reaction Method 12.2 Electrodes, Electrode Potential and Electrochemical Series List of Experiments for Reduced Syllabus (Chemistry-XI) 1. Standardization of a base solution (NaOH) against Standard Oxalic Acid solution. 2. Determination of Sodium Carbonate and Bi-Carbonate in the Mixture solution. 3. Determination of number of water molecules of crystallization in Mohr’s salt. 39.2 g of which has been dissolved/liter. 4. Determination of concentration of the given solution of Potassium Dichromate. 5. Determination of heat of neutralization of strong acid (HCl) with a strong Base (NaOH) 6. The separation of various inks by Paper chromatography. 7. Crystallization of benzoic acid from water. ` 19 MATHEMATICS-XI In this special scenario of covid-19, the Syllabus of Mathematics G-XI has been shortened to reduce the laborious work of students practicing a lot of questions. Keeping all the contents intact, the teacher should assign extra questions/examples for homework to enhance the concept further. All relevant topic/subtopics should be addressed if possible, so that the students could be prepared for any type of tests. Chapter 1 Complex Number Page-3 Example-2 Page-5 Example-4 Exercise 1.1 Q1, (i, iv), Q.2, Q.3 (i, iii), Q.4(iii), Q.5 (ii, iii), Q.6 (i, iv), Q.7, Q.8 (i), Q.10 Page-11 Example-12 Page-16 Example -15 (ii, iv) Exercise 1.2 Q.1,2,3,4,5,6,7 (ii, v), Q.8(i, ii, iii) Page-22 Example-17 Page-23 Example-18 Exercise 1.3 Q.1 (i, ii), Q.2 (ii, iv), Q.4, Q.5 (i, iii), Q.6 (iii, iv) Review Exercise-1 Q.1, Q.4, Q.7, Q.8 Chapter-2 Matrices and determinants Page-37 Example-1 Page-38 Example-2 Exercise 2.1 Q.1 (ii, iv), Q.2, 4, 5, 6 (ii), Q.7, Q.8, Q.9 (i), Q.12 Page-44 Example-5 Page-46 Example-6 Exercise 2.2 Q.1, 3, 4 (i, iii), Q.5, Q.6 (i, iii, v), Q.7 (ii), Q.8, Q.10, Q.11 (ii), Q.12, Q.13 (iii), Q.15, Q.16, Q.19 Page-56 Example-8 Page-57 Example-9 Exercise 2.3 Q.1(iii), Q.2 (i, iii), Q.3 (ii) Page-63 Example-11, Example-13 Exercise 2.4 Q.1(ii), Q.2 (i), Q.3 (ii), Q.4 (i), Q.5 Review Exercise-2 Q.1, Q.4, Q.5, 6, 7 Chapter-3 Vectors Page-83 Example-5 Exercise 3.1 Q. 1,4,5,6 Page-86 Example-6 Page-89 Example-10 Page-93 Example-12 (iii, iv, vi) Page-96 Example-13 Exercise 3.2 Q.1 (ii, v), Q.2 (ii, iv), Q.3, Q.5, Q.7 (iv), Q.8 (iii), Q.9,12, 13. Page-100 Example-15 Page-102 Example-18 Page-103 Example-20 Page-104 Example-122 Exercise 3.3 Q.2, Q.3 (ii), Q.5, Q.6, Q.7 (ii), Q.8, Q.10 ` 20 Page-110 Example-24 Page-111 Example-25 Exercise 3.4 Q.1(iii), Q.2 (ii), Q.3 (iii), Q.5 (ii), Q.7, Q.8 (ii), Q.9 (ii) Page-115 Example-27, 29 Exercise 3.5 Q.2, 4, 6, 7 (iii), Q.8 (ii), Q.9 (i) Review Exercise -3 Q.1, 2, 6, 8. Chapter-4 Sequence and Series Exercise 4.1 Q.2 (i, ii), Q.4, Q.5 (i, iv), Q.6 (i, ii), Exercise 4.2 Q.2, 3, 6, 8, 9, 14, 15,16,17 Page-130 Example-13 Page-131 Example-16 Page-132 Theorem Exercise 4.3 Q.1, 2 (ii, iv), Q.4, 5,8, 9,13 Page-136 Example-23 Page-138 Example-25 Exercise 4.4 Q.1 (ii, iii), Q.3, 4, 6, 8 (ii, iii), Q.9,10, 11,12 Page-142 Example-29 Page-147 Example-36 Exercise 4.5 Q.1 (ii, v, vi), Q.2 (iii), Q.3, Q.4 (iii, iv), Q.5,8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14 Page-151 Example-41 Page-154 Example-45 Exercise 4.6 Q.1 (iii), Q.3, 5, 7, 8, 10 Review Exercise -4 Q.1, 3, 5, 6, 10 Chapter-5 Miscellaneous Series Page-159 Example-1 (i, iii) Page-163 Example-4, 5 Exercise 5.1 Q. 2, 3, 5, 8, 9 (ii) Page-165 Example-6 Page-166 Example-8 Exercise 5.2 Q.1 (ii, iv), Q.2 (i), Q.3, 5 Exercise 5.3 Q. 1,3, 5 Page-171 Example-13 Exercise 5.4 Q. 1 (ii, iv), Q.4 Review Exercise -5 Q. 1, 2, 5, 7 (ii), 8 (i, iv) Chapter-6 Permutation, combination and probability Page-177 Example-2 Exercise 6.1 Q.1 (i, iii), Q.2 (iii, iv), Q.3, Q.4 Page-182 Example-10 Exercise 6.2 Q.1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 11, 12 Page-188 Example-17 Exercise 6.3 Q. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Exercise 6.4 Q. 1, 2, 5 Page-198 Example-24 Page-199 Example-25 Exercise 6.5 Q. 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 9 ` 21 Review Exercise -6 Q,1, 2, 3. 7 Chapter-7 Mathematical Induction and Binomial theorem Page-208 Example-3 Page-211 Example-6 Exercise 7.1 Q.2, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11, 12 (ii), 14, 15 Page-214 Binomial Theorem (7.2) Page-218 Example-10 Page-219 Example-12 Exercise 7.2 Q. 1 (i, iii), Q.2 (iii), Q.3 (i, iii), Q. 4(i, iii), Q.5 (ii), Q.6, 8, 10 Page-222 Example-13 Page-223 Example-15 Page-224 Example-17 (i) Page-227 Example-19 Exercise 7.3 Q.1 (iii), Q.2 (i, iii), Q.4, Q.6, Q.7, Q.9, Q.10 (ii), Q.11, Q.13 Review Exercise -7 Q.1, 3, 6 Chapter-8 Functions and Graphs Page-233 Example-2 Page-235 Example-3 Page-237 Example-6 Exercise 8.1 Q.1 (iii, iv), Q.3, Q.5, Q.7 Page-249 Example-12 Exercise 8.2 Q. 1, 3 Page-252 Example-17 Exercise 8.3 Q. 1, 2, 3, 4 Review Exercise -8 Q. 1, 4, 7 Chapter-9 Linear Programming Exercise 9.2 Q. 1 (i, iv), Q. 2, 3 Review Exercise -9 Q. 1, 2, 4 Chapter-10 Trigonometric Identities of sum and difference of Angles Page-290 Example-1 Page-291 Example-3 Page-293 Example-6 Exercise 10.1 Q. 1 (v, vi), Q.2, Q.5, 7, 8 (iii, iv), Q.11, 12, 13 Page-297 Example-8 Page-300 Example-11 Page-302 Example-14 Exercise 10.2 Q. 1, 2 (iii), Q.3, 4, 5 (ii), Q.6 (ii, vi), Q.7 (ii, iii, iv, vi, vii, viii, ix, x, xiv, xv), Q.8. Q.9 (i, iii) Page-307 Example-22, 23 Exercise 10.3 Q. 3, 4, 5 Review Exercise - 10 Q. 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8 ` 22 Chapter-11 Application of Trigonometry Page-313 Example-2 Exercise 11.1 Q.2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 10 Page-317 Theorem: Laws of cosines Page-320 Theorem: Laws of sines Page-323 Example-13 Page-327 Example-14 Exercise 11.2 Q. 1 (i, ii, iii, viii), Q. 2 (i, ii), Q.6, Q.8 Page-330 Example-15 Page-331 Example-16 Exercise 11.3 Q. 1 (all parts) Page-335 Example-20 Page-335 Example-21 Page-336 Example-23 Exercise 11.4 Q. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 Review Exercise - 11 Q. 1, 3, 4, 5 Chapter-12 Graphs of Trigonometric and Inverse Trigonometric Functions and Solution of Trigonometric Equations. Page-345 Example-1 (i, iii) Page-346 Example-2 (ii, iii) Page-352 Example-8 Exercise 12.1 Q. 1 (i, ii, iv, ix), Q.2 (i, iii) Exercise 12.2 Q. 1,2 Page-369 Example-13 Page-379 Example-20 Page-380 Example-21 Exercise 12.4 Q. 1, 3, 4 (iii, iv) Page-387 Example-26 Page-388 Example-28 Page-390 Example-31 Page-392 Example-32,33 Exercise 12.5 Q., 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 8 (i, ii, iv, vii) Review Exercise - 12 Q. 1, 2, 5 ` 23 STATISTICS-XI Unit No 1: Collection and Presentation of Data Definition of Statistics. Population and Sample, Parameter and Statistic. Main Divisions of Statistics. Constant and Variables. Introduction to Scale of Measurements. Statistical data and its types. Presentation of data. Tabulation, Frequency distribution. Class Boundaries, Class Interval, Mid-Point of a Class. Frequency and Cumulative Frequency. Diagrammatic and Graphic representation of data. Bar charts in different forms namely; Simple, Divided & Pie charts. Mathematical proofs are not required. Examples 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.7 1.9 1.11 1.13 Questions 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.10, 1.11, 1.12, 1.13, 1.14, 1.16, 1.18, 1.19, 1.22, 1.29 Unit No 2: Measures of Central Tendency (MCT) Central Tendency and know what the measures of central tendency are? Average and list its types (Arithmetic Mean, Median, Mode, Geometric Mean and Harmonic Mean) and state the properties of an Ideal / Good average. The real life problems involving Arithmetic Mean. Calculation of Arithmetic Mean from Simple/Ungrouped Data, Discrete Data, Continuous Data by Direct Method only. Weighted Arithmetic Mean. Quartiles, Deciles, and Percentiles. Recognize the properties of Median. Real life problems involving Median, Quartiles, Deciles, and Percentiles for a Discrete and Grouped Frequency Distribution. Mode and recognize its properties. Identify the merits and demerits of Mode. The Empirical relationship between Arithmetic Mean, Median and Mode. Real life problems involving Mode. Geometric and Weighted Geometric Mean. Recognize the properties of Geometric Mean. Geometric Mean for a Frequency Distribution. Real life problems involving Geometric Mean. Harmonic Mean. Mathematical Proofs are not required. Exampl es 2.1, 2.2, 2.5(i), 2.6(i), 2.10, 2.11, 2.12, 2.13, 2.14, 2.15, 2.18, 2.19, 2.22, 2.24, 2.26, 2.27, 2.29, 2.30, 2.31, 2.32 Questio ns 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, 2.10, 2.11, 2.13, 2.15, 2.16, 2.19, 2.23 ` 24 Unit No 3: Measures of Dispersion, Skewness and Kurtosis Dispersion and its different types. Range, Quartile Deviation, Mean Deviation, Standard Deviation and Variance. Properties of Variance and Standard Deviation (Without Mathematical Proofs). Coefficient of Variation for Simple Data. Moments (Four moments about Mean by Direct Method for individual series only). Skewness and Kurtosis. Examples 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9, 3.10, 3.12(i), 3.13(i), 3.14, 3.16 Questions 3.4, 3.6, 3.10, 3.11, 3.12, 3.13, 3.14, 3.15, 3.16, 3.18, 3.26, 3.27 Unit No 4: Index Numbers Index Numbers. Describe the steps involved in the construction of Wholesale Price Index Numbers. Simple and Composite Price Index Numbers. Simple Price Index Numbers (a) By Fixed Base Method (b) By Chain Base Method. Method of Simple Aggregates. Composite Price Index Numbers using method of Simple Aggregate. Composite Price Index Numbers using the method of Simple average of relatives. Weighted Aggregative Composite Price Index Numbers by using (a) Laspeyre’s Formula (b) Paasche’s Formula (c) Fisher’s Formula. Examples 4.1, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6, 4.8 Questions 4.4, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8, 4.11, 4.12, 4.13, 4.15 Unit No 5: Simple Linear Regression and Correlation Dependent and Independent variables. Scatter Diagram. Simple Linear Regression and identify its Regression Coefficients. Least Squares Principle. Regression Lines or Equations. Recognize Properties of the Least Squares Regression Lines Correlation and its Properties. Examples 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.5 Questions 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 5.7, 5.9, 5.12, 5.13, 5.14, 5.16, 5.17 Unit No 6: Time Series Time Series and Analysis of Time Series. Components of Time Series. Measurement of Secular Trend. Examples 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.5, 6.6 Questions 6.3, 6.5, 6.10, 6.14 ` 25 Unit No 7: Vital Statistics Vital Statistics and describe its uses. Vital Ratios and Rates. Types of Vital Ratios. Types of Mortality Rates. Examples 7.1, 7.2, 7.4 Questions 7.3, 7.5, 7.7 Unit No 8: Interpolation Interpolation and Extrapolation. Assumptions of Interpolation. Entry and Argument. Lagrange’s Formula of Interpolation. Example 8.3 Questions 8.4, 8.6, 8.12, 8.17 Unit No 9: Linear Programming Examples on the number line i, ii, iii, iv Examples 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.4, 9.5,9.6 ` 26 ECONOMICS -XI Chapter No: 1. Nature and Scope of Economics 1. Human wants ( Types & Characteristics ) 2. Goods and Services 3. Types of Goods 4. Utility and Its Characteristics 5. Economic Problem and Its Nature (Scarcity and Choices) 6. Definitions of Economics (Adam Smith, Alfred Marshal, Lionel Robbins) Consumer’s Behavior and its Analysis 1. Introduction to Consumer Behaviour. 2. Concepts of Value, Price, Wealth, Consumption and Consumer. 3. The Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility with table and graph. (cardinal approach) 4. The Law of Equi-Marginal Utility with table and diagram. 5. Indifference Curve and its properties. (Ordinal Approach) Basic Tools of Statistics and Mathematics in Economics 1. Variables: Continuous and Discontinuous Variables, Dependent and Independent Variables. 2. Liner equation. 3. Quadratic equation. 4. Simultaneous equations. Demand 1. Definition of Demand 2. Law of demand. 3. Extension & Contraction of Demand, Rise & Fall in Demand. 4. Causes of Rise & Fall in Demand 5. Price Elasticity of Demand and Its Measurement (Percentage Method) 6. Concepts of Income Elasticity and Cross-Elasticity of Demand. 7. Practical Importance of Elasticity of Demand. 8. Demand Function and Functional Equation of Demand. Supply 1. Definitions of Supply and Stock. 2. Law of Supply. 3. Extension & Contraction in Supply, Rise & Fall in Supply 4. Causes of Rise & Fall in Supply 5. Elasticity of Supply and Its Measurement. 6. Practical Importance of Elasticity of Supply. 7. Supply Function and Functional Equation of Supply. ` 27 Equilibrium 1. Concept of Equilibrium. 2. Market Equilibrium (Equilibrium of Demand and Supply). Theory of production 1. Definition of Production. 2. Factors of Production. i. Land and its Characteristics. ii. Labour and its Properties. iii. Capital and its Importance. iv. Organization and its Forms (Introduction). Scale of Production: 1. Definition of Scale of Production and Its Determinants Cost of Production 1. Definitions of Cost, Fixed Cost and Variable Cost. 2. Total Cost, Average Cost and Marginal Cost. Revenue Analysis 1. Total Revenue, Marginal Revenue and Average Revenue. Market 1. Meaning and Significance of Market. 2. Perfect Competition and Monopoly 3. Shapes of Total Revenue, Marginal Revenue and Average Revenue curves Under Perfect Competition and Monopoly. Distribution- Factor Pricing 1. Definitions of Rent, Net Rent, Gross Rent 2. Definitions of Wage, Money Wage, Real Wage 3. Definitions of Interest, Net interest, Gross interest 4. Definitions of Profit, Net Profit, Gross Profit ` 28 COMPUTER SCIENCE-XI 1. OVERVIEW OF COMPUTER SYSTEM 1.1.2 Computer and its basic operations 1.1.3 Classification of computers 1.1.4 Hardware and software 1.2 Computer Software 1.2.1 Types of Software 1.2.4 Software Terminologies 1.2.5 Firmware 1.3 Computer Hardware 1.3.3 Difference between Soft copy and Hard copy 2. COMPUTER MEMORY 2.1 Introduction 2.1.1 Units of Memory 2.2 Primary Memory 2.2.2 Volatile and Non Volatile Memory 2.2.3 Fundamental types of Main Memory 2.3 Secondary Storage 2.3.1 Secondary Storage Devices 2.3.2 Sequential Access and Direct Access Storage 3. CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT 3.1 CPU (Central Processing Unit) 3.1.1 Basic Components of CPU 3.1.2 Types of Registers 3.1.3 System BUS 3.2 CPU Operations 3.2.3 Instructions cycle 3.2.4 CISC and RISC architecture 5. NETWORK COMMUNICATION AND PROTOCOLS 5.1 Computer Network 5.1.1 Basic Data Communication Components 5.1.2 Modes of communication 5.1.3 Communication media 5.1.4 Communication Devices 5.1.5 Network Architecture 5.1.6 Networks Types 5.1.7 Network Typologies 5.2 Data communication Standards 5.2.1 Purpose of communication Standards 5.3.4 IP Addressing 6. WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS 6.1 Introduction 6.1.1 Wireless network 6.1.2 Advantages and disadvantages of Wireless networks ` 29 6.1.3 Important Wireless Communication Terminologies 6.1.4 Short distance and long distance Wireless communication 6.2 Short Distance Wireless Communication technology 6.2.1 Wi-Fi 6.2.2 WiMAX 6.2.3 BLUETOOTH 6.2.4 INFRARED 7 DATABASE FUNDAMENTALS 7.1 Introduction 7.1.1 Data and information 7.1.2 File Management system 7.1.3 Database (DB) 7.1.4 Database Management system 7.1.5 Advantages of DBMS over the file management system 7.1.6 Role of DB Administrator (DBA) 7.1.7 Database Models 7.1.8 Database language for relational Databases 7.2 Basic Database Terminologies 7.3.1 Planning a Data base 7.4 Data Modeling and Entity Relationship Diagram 7.4.1 Elements of Entity Relationship Diagram 7.4.2 Carnality and Modality 7.4.3 Sample E-R Diagram for library Management system 7.5 Relational Schema 7.5.1 Transformation of E-R Model into Relational Schema 7.5.2 Normalization 8. DATABASE DEVELOPMENT 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Different types of Relational Database Management system ` 30 COMPUTER SCIENCE-XI LIST OF PRACTICALS COMPUTER HARDWARE Identification of Input devices, Output devices, Processing devices, Communication devices. Identification of various parts of the Motherboard (Ports, Slots, Buses, CPU, Power supply, etc.) Identification of various types of memories (RAM, ROM, Cache). Identification of various types of secondary storage devices (HD, CD, DVD, Flash memory, Memory card, Blue ray (BD) disk, SSD, etc.). Identification of network devices (Router, NIC, Cables, Switch/hub) MICROSOFT ACCESS 2007 1. Starting Microsoft Access 2. Creating Tables, Assigning Primary key to the Table, Saving the Table 3. Adding Records to a Table, Modifying Records in a Table, Deleting Records from a Table 4. Modifying Records in a Table, Deleting Records from a Table 5. Creating Relationships between tables 6. Creating Queries 7. Viewing/Running Query, Modifying Query, Adding a Calculating Column/Field to a Query 8. Creating and Running a Data Entry Form, Making Forms More Usable with Controls 9. Creating Form with Sub-Form for Related Tables, Creating a Switchboard Form 10. Generating Reports, Creating a Report using a Query ` 31 HEALTH & PHYSICAL EDUCATION -XI Page No. ناعنو یلیذ /ناعنو نمبر ببا 02-14 (Non Communicable Diseases) 1 . ضامرا یمتعد غیر 01 (Osteoporosis) پن ابُھربُھر کا یوہڈ (Heart Diseases) ضامرا کے لد (Diabetes) بیطسیاذ 15-20 1 . شزرو روا تنفس منظا 02 54-59 1 . نپلا س ن ٹ ف 06 1 . تیںرمہا روا نیناقو کے کھیلو 07 61-63 (100 m Sprint Race) 100 ڑود تیز میٹر 78-84 (Shot put) پھینکنا لہگو 70-77 (4x100 m Relay Race) 100x4 یسر یلےر میٹر 93-107 (Volleyball) لبا لیاو 131-139 (Hockey) کیہا 140-143 (Tournament System) سسٹم منٹنارٹو ٹنو کو تلااسو ضیومعر روا تلااسو مشقی: (Reduce Syllabus) ئےجا کیا ملشا بقمطا کے Reduced list of Practical for (Class-XI) Health & Physical Education. 1. Sprint Race 100m 122 ڑود تیز میٹر 2. Shot put پھینکنا لہگو 3. 4x100m Relay Race 100x4 ڑود یلےر میٹر 4. Volleyball لبا لیاو 5. Hockey کیہا HOME ECONOMICS-XI ` 32 HOME MANAGEMENT: 1. Family management in Pakistan i. Values ii. Goals and standards iii. Discussion of some values and goals iv. Importance of developing goals as a mean of realizing values. 2. Resources i. Time management ii. Energy management iii. Work simplification iv. Ways of avoiding fatigue 3. Budgeting i. Income, types and advantages of budgeting ii. Budget plan for low and high income level group 4. Family housing i. First aid elementary ii. Storage of summer and winter clothes and house hold equipment iii. Storage of food stuff ( perishable and non-perishable foods) iv. Storage of books, shoe and extra furniture and other house hold equipments CHILD DEVELOPMENT: 1. Basic human needs i. Physical ii. Psychological a. Role of parents, teachers and society b. Growth and development of children c. Characteristics and needs of before school going child (2-5 years) and school going child (6-12 years) d. Understanding and dealing with children problems such as fear, anger, jealousy, bed wetting, nail biting and thumb sucking HOME INTERIOR: 1. Comfortable home i. Individual needs ii. Furniture decoration iii. Interior decoration ART AND DESIGN 1. Art i. Elements of art (lines, color, texture, shape) ii. Principles of art ( rhythm, balance, harmony, emphasis, unity) Practical: ` 33 1. Emphasis on method of work simplification in household activities 2. Making budget for different income levels 3. 6 embroidery stitches i. Chain stitch ii. Stem stitch iii. Fishbone iv. French knot v. Satin stitch vi. Lazy daisy GENERAL MATHEMATICS-XI ` 34 UNIT 1 Applications To Algebraic Equations Page 09-10 Example 2,3 Exercise 1.1 Q No1:(v, vi, vii, viii) Q No 2:(ii, iii, iv) Q No3:(ii, iv, vi) Q No5:(v, vi, vii, viii) Page 13,14,15,16 Example 2,4,5,7,9 Exercise 1.2 Q No 2,4,6,7,8,10 Page 18 Example Page 19 Example 3 Page 22,23 Example 2,3 Exercise 1.3 Q No 1,3,5,9,10,11 Page 28,29,30 Example 2,4 Exercise 1.4 Q No 1,3,5,6 Page 34 Example 1 Page 36 Example 2,3 Exercise 1.5 Q No 1:(v, vi, vii) Q No 4 (ii, iv, vi, viii) Q No 5, Q No 7 (ii, iii) Page 40 Example 1,2 Page 41,42 Example 1,2 Page 44 Example 1 Page 46,47 Example 4,5,6 Exercise 1.6 Q No 1:(iii, iv, vi) Q No 2:(iii, iv) Q No 3:(iii, iv) Q No 4:(i) Q No 5 Page 52,53 Example 2,4 Exercise 1.7 Q No 1,3,5,7,9,10,14,15,17 Page 56 Example 1 Exercise 1.8 Q No 1,2,3 Page 60 Example 2 Page 62 Example 2 Page 64 Example 7,8 Exercise 1.9 QNo1:(i,ii) Q No 2,4,6,10,12,15,18,20,21,24,25 Page 66 Example 1 Page 69 Example 4 ,5,6 Exercise 1.10 Q No 1,2,3,7,8,9,10,14 Page 71,72,73 Example 1.2.3.4, 5 Exercise 1.11 Q No 1,2,3,4,8,9,10,11 UNIT 2 Loans and Annuities Page 80 Example1 Page 82,83,84,85 Example 4, 5,7,8 Exercise 2.1 Q No 3, 4,7,9,10 Page 88 Example Page 90 Example Page 92 Example Exercise 2.2 Q No 1,3,5,6 Page 94 Example Page 97,98,99,100,101,102, 103 All Examples Exercise 2.3 Q No ,3,5,8,9 ` 35 Page 106,107,108 All Examples Page 112 Examples 2 Exercise 2.4 Complete UNIT 3 Islamic Banking Page 124 Example 1 Exercise 3.1 Q No 2,3 Page 126,127,128 Example 1,2,3,5 Exercise 3.2 Complete UNIT 4 Purchasing and Inventory Exercise 4.1 Q No 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11 Page 135 All examples on the given page. Exercise 4.2 Q No 1,2,3 Page 138, 139,140 All examples on the given pages Exercise 4.3 Q No 1,2,3,4 Page 142 Example Exercise 4.4 Q No 1,2,3 UNIT 5 Depreciation Exercise 5.1 Complete Page 151, 152 153 All examples on the given pages Exercise 5.2 Q No 1,2,6,8 UNIT 6 Taxation Exercise 6.1 Q No 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 Page 166,167 All Examples on the given pages Exercise 6.2 Q No 1,3,4,5,7 UNIT 7 Linear Programming Page 174 Example 2 Exercise 7.1 Q No 3,4,8,9,10, Exercise 7.2 Q No 1,2,4,5,9 Exercise 7.3 Q No 6,7,8,9,10 Exercise 7.4 Q No 1,2,3,4,5 Unit 8 Matrices and Determinants Exercise 8.2 Q No 2:(iii, iv), Q No 3:(iv, v), Q No 4:(iii), Q No 5:(iii, vi), Q No 9,12,13 Page 246 Example Page 252 Example Page 254 Example Exercise 8.3 Q No 2:(ii, iii, vi), Q No 3, Q No 5:(ii), Q No 6:(i, iv, v), Q No 7, Q No 8:(i, iv, v), Q No 9:(i, ii) Exercise 8.4 Q No 2:(i, ii, iii ,iv ,v ,vi), Q No 3, Q 4. (i,ii,iii), Q. No 5,6,7,10 Page 266 Example Page 269,270 Example 1,2,3 ` 36 Exercise 8.5 Q No 1:(iii, iv, v, vi), Q No 2:(iii, iv, v), Q No 3,4,5 UNIT 9 Sequences & Series Page 286 Examples4,5,6 Page 288,289 Examples7,9 Exercise 9.2 Q No 2:(i, iii), Q No 3,4,5,6,7,9 Page 293,294 Examples 2,3 Page 297 Examples 2 Exercise 9.3 Q No 1:(i, ii, iii, iv, v), Q No 2,6,7,8,9 Page 303,304,305 Examples 1,2,3,4 Page 307 Examples 3,4 Exercise 9.4 Q No 1:(i, ii), Q No 2:(i, ii, iii, iv), Q No 3,4,5,6,11 Page 309 Examples All Page 310,311 Examples 1,2,3 Exercise 9.5 Q No 1,3,4,6,10,11,12 Page 314 Example 1 Page 315 Example 1 Exercise 9.6 Q No 1:(i, ii), Q No3, 5,6,7 Page 319 Example Page 321 Example Exercise 9.7 Q No 1,4,5,6, Q No 8:(i, ii, iii) UNIT 10 Number System Page 330 Example 3,4 Page 331,332,333,334,335 Example 8,9,11,12,13,14,15 Exercise 10.1 Q No 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 Exercise 10.2 Q No 1:(i, ii, iv, v), Q No 2:(ii), Q No 3:(i, ii), Q No 4:(i, ii, iii, iv) Page 349 Example Page 353 Example Exercise 10.3 Q No 1,2,3,4,5 Exercise 10.4 Q No 1,2,3,4 Exercise 10.5 Q No 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 Page 363 , 361,362,363 All examples given on the pages Exercise 10.6 Q No 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 ISLAMIC STUDIES-XI تنااعنو یلیذ نمضمو ببا ` 37 لفا بادآ طنیبا،بادآ یہرظا :توتلا بادآع نآقر بتکتا سیساا کے مجید نآقر ج :حثمبا :حیدتو نمبر یتآ ۃلبقرا ۃرسو 163 :لتسار نمبر یتآ لجمعۃا ۃرسو ,285 روا نمبر یتآ 129 :تخرآ نمبر یتآ ۃلبقراۃرسو 48 :قفاآ و نفسا نمبر یتآ مولرا ۃرسو 8 ہلسجدا ٓ محٰ ۃرسو نمبر یتآ 53 :برتد و تفکر نمبر یتآ ءٓلنساا ۃرسو 82 نمبر یتآ محمد ۃرسو 24 ئلمسا تیشرمعا نمبر یتآ ۃلبقرا ۃرسو 178 روا نمبر یتآ 205 نمبر یتآ تالحجرا ۃرسو 11 روا نمبر یتآ 12 :تادعبا د ،ۃکوٰز حج للہا لسور تسیر ہ صلى الله عليه وسلم :لعہمطا میں شنیور کی مجید ناقرکا مصلح شیمعا بحیثیت تنکا ہما کے عادلوا حجۃ متعلق سے کسلو حسن روا قحقو نینساا یمکر نبی صلى الله عليه وسلم رلاسا سپہ بحیثیت :تیاآ منتخب و :تفسیر و جمہتر تیاآ ۃلبقراۃرسو نمبر 255 ، 260 261, ، 264 یثحد قفر میں خبر روا یثحد مقساا کی یثحد سے ظلحا کے یووار دسناا ظبلحا خبر مقساا یحتشر و جمہتر کا یثدحاا منتخبع مجید نآقر :یثحد :لوا ببا :مود ببا ` 38 :نمبر یثدحاا 24,22,21,17,15,14,12,9,8,6,1 ب تلاحا کے بوعر پہلے سے مسلاا ج یہور میں علم یجوتر کا مسلاا یےور سیساا کے ستیار نظم میں لتسار عہد ا ہمیتا کی تشخصیا ہما تا رود مکیع رادکر کا دوحد میسلاا میں ستیار نظم د سیا نظم ست ہنماار علمی کی مسلاا میں ئی خرآ تا کا متا نمسلما ب لاوز سیسیا ، یگر ترصو کی مستقبل روا بسباا معلو کے نبازع نللساا معلو ع نحو علم یعبد علم تا میں فتر پیش علمی تماخد کی نومسلما و متحکو منظا کا مسلاا ستیار میسلااروا ضرحا عصر ستیںیار بدا و نباز بیعر :مسو ببا :مرچہا ببا :پنجم ببا :ششم ببا CIVICS -XI ببا ناعنو یلیذ /ناعنو ` 39 1 . منظا سیسیا نٹیکمیو ستیار رتصو کا ستیار میسلاا قفر میں متحکو روا ستیار تروضر کی متحکو آ ئین کے نکستاپا 1793 تصیاخصو کی رستود کے ء منظا سیسیا تصیاخصو کی منظا سیسیا فیصلہ زسا میاگرسر روا ےرادِا سیسیا 0 . مقساا کی متحکو ہتشادبا و تصیاخصو، یترجمہو لصوا یتمرآ تصیاخصو کی یتمرآ تصیاخصو کی سا روا متحکو میسلاا 3 . قحقو یخرتا کی قحقو نینساا مقساا کے قحقو یخرتا کی قحقو نینساا میں مسلاا تصیاخصو تعلق روا رنحصاا ہمیبا تقسیم بلقانا کے قحقو نینساا 4 . تیادقتصاا سیسیا تیادقتصاا سیسیا ترتجا فیاطرلاا کثیر روا ترتجا فہطرود ،ترتجا میاقولاا بین ملا کا نکستاپا ئشیا اہدمعا کے ترتجا دازآ سے ا سے یسر روا او ،ء نکستاپا روا ت پر تاثرا سیسیا 5 . حل کا دتضا روادتضا تشد میں دتضا روا دتضا یزبا ادسو ،ناکر مکا کر مل، ئےار قتفاا۔ حل کا دتضا تہاجودو رو ا ہیندنشا کی ت ادتضا ہما پر سطح میقو میں نکستاپا ئجنتا کے نےکر حل تفاختلاا یعہرذ کے دتشد تمااقدا متیحکو میں حل کے دتضا پر سطح میقو 6 . علمی تیںرمہا یفتعر تیںرمہا عملی ` 40 س ن ش ف ت یفتعر حلامر کے یئرانکوا یا س ن ش ف ت ہیندنشا کی ئلمسا ہما میں نٹیکمیو ملکی یا میمقا یقےطر کے نےکر جمع تمامعلو 9 . ئٹیساسو لسو روا غبلاا ئعارذ ئعارذ غبلاا کی یفتعر ہمیتا روا تروضر کی یامیڈ دازآ رادکر کا یامیڈ میں طیمضبو روا قیتر کی یترجمہو میں نکستاپا ئٹیساسو لسو یرجمہو شرمعا ہ ئضافر کے ئٹیساسو لسو میں یفتعر کی تنظیمو یرکاسر غیر رادکر کا تنظیمو یرکاسر غیر میں قیتر یدقتصاا و جیسما میں نکستاپا ہوگر تیادمفا تنظیم یرکاسر غیر قفر میں حفلا کی یوشہر روا تنظیمو کی ئٹیساسو لسو لیے کے یترجمہو وگر تیادمفا، رادکر کا تنظیمو سیسیا غیرروا ہو یفتعر کی رکاضار ہمیتا کی یرکاضار میں ہشرمعا نیکستاپا 8 . غوفر کا راقدا نینساا راقدا نینساا ،تاومسا اد تاومسا معد روا سیرد تاثرا کے تاومسا معد میں ےشرمعا نیکستاپا ہے مناسا کا تازمتیاا پر سطح میقو روا میمقا کو جن ہیندنشا کی ہووگر نُا فرارف کے ئپٹا وسٹیر روا یقتفر،زمتیاا ع فینصاانا ہیندنشا کی فیونصاانا میں ہشرمعا نیکستاپا تمازالوکے فنصاا 7 . یشہر راد مہذ روا لفعا لفعا راد مہذ روا یفتعر کی یشہر فعا تشر ل نٹیکمیو وسر سز ISLAMIC HISTORY-XI ببا ناعنو یلیذ /ناعنو ` 41 1 . بعر مینزسر 1 . بعر مینزسر 0 . مسلاا زا قبل لتجہا رود i . لتحا سیسیا ii . لتحا ہبیمذ iii . لتحا تیشرمعا iv . لتحا یدقتصاا 0 . محمد تحضر نینلکواسیّد مصطفیٰ کی سلم و لہآو علیہ للہا صلی مکی گیندز 1 . تدلاو 0 . بچپن 3. ر ا ج فل ا بحر 4 . لقب کا مینا 5 . للفضوا حلف 6 . حنکا میلکبرا یجۃخد 9 . کعبہ تعمیر 8 . احررغاع بعثت 7 . زغاآ کا تبلیغ 12 . تبلیغ نیہعلاا 11 . یتیںذا کی یشقر 10 . لیٰوا حبشہ تہجر 13 . نیثا حبشہ تہجر 14 . کا شمہا بنی طعہمقا تیشرمعا 15 . لسا کا غم 16 . سفر کا ئفطا 19 . لیٰوا عقبہ بیعت 18 . یفشر جامعر 17 . نیثا عقبہ بیعت 02 . تہجر ۱۵ ینبو 3 . تخاامو ،ہمیتا کی تہجر ع ہرچا ئیبھا ،ینہمد قمیثا ، تاوغز 1 . بسباا کے ینہمد تہجر 0 . تاثرا روا ئجنتا کے تہجر 3 . ینہمد قمیثا 4 . ۔قخند ہوغز ،حدا ہوغز ،ربد ہوغز :تاوغز 4 . ،یبیہحد صلح ،ناضور بیعت فتح ہ 1 . ناضور بیعت 0 . ہمیتا کی سا روا یبیہحد صلح 3 . خیبر ہوغز 4 . تہمو ہوغز 5 . ہ فتح 6 . حنین ہوغز 9 . کتبو ہوغز 5 . ، لصاو ،عادلوا حجۃ طیبہ تِسیر صلى الله عليه وسلم 1 . ہمیتا کی سا روا عادلوا حجۃ خطبہ 0 . لصاو 3 . طیبہ تسیر صلى الله عليه وسلم i . رحضو صلى الله عليه وسلم لسور بحیثیت ii . رحضو صلى الله عليه وسلم ملکا ننساا بحیثیت iii . رحضو صلى الله عليه وسلم بنقلاا ہبرر بحیثیت iv . رحضو صلى الله عليه وسلم رلاسا سپہ بحیثیت ` 42 v . آ انسو یداز 6 . ؓ یقصدبکربوا تحضر 1 . فرارف 0 . بنتخاا 3 . تمشکلا ئیابتدا 4 . تحافتو i تحافتو نیایرا قیاعر ۔ ii تحافتو میشا ،میور ۔ 5 تسیر ۔ 9 . ؓ قورفاعمر تحضر 1 . فرارف 0 . بنتخاا 3 . تحافتو نیایرا 4 . تحافتو میشا 5 . تسیر 8 . ِ منتظاا کا ؓ قورفاعمر تحضر ۔ تنظیم جیفو ،سلطنت :سلطنت منتظاا i . رتصو کا یترجمہو ii . تقسیم ملکی iii . ئضافر روا یرتقر کی لعما iv . ئشپیما کی مینز روا یرشما مدمر v . للماا بیت vi . اجرا کا یہجر سن ء vii . لقب کا منینلموامیرا viii . ضیقا ix . مہعا ہفار 7 . نعفا نعثما تحضر 1 فرارف ۔ 0 بنتخاا ۔ 12 . ،تیںوبغا ،تماالزا ،فتنہ تدشہا ؓ غنی نعثما تحضر تسیر 11 . لبطا بیا بن ؓعلی تحضر 1 . فرارف 0 . بنتخاا 3 . تسیر کی ؓ علی تحضر 4 . ؓ علی بنا حسن م ماا تحضر i . فرارف ii . فتخلا iii . یرادستبرد روا لحتمصا iv . مقیا میں ینہمد v . تفاو 10 . ؓ یہومعا میرا تحضر 1 ۔ فرارف 0 نشینی تخت ۔ 3 ؓیہومعا میرا تسیر ۔ 13 . یہومعا بن یدیز 1 فرارف ۔ 0 بلاکر قعہاو ۔ i بسباا ۔ ii تقعااو ۔ بخطا سے تھیوسا کا ؓ حسین مماا تحضر ۔ا ` 43 تسلی کو ؓ ینبز تحضر ۔ب تیبتر کی لشکر ۔ج خطبہ کا ؓحسین مماا تحضر ۔د iii ئجنتا ۔ 15 . ناومر بن لملکاعبد 1 فرارف ۔ 0 تحاصلاا کی لملکاعبد ۔ 16 . لملکاعبد بن لیدو 1 نشینی تخت و فرارف ۔ 0 :تحافتو ۔ i تحافتو کی مسلم بن قتیبہ ۔ ii تحافتو کی سمقا بن محمد ۔ iii تحافتو کی دیاز بن قرطا روا نصیر بن سیٰمو ۔ 19 . لملکاعبد بن نسلیما 1 . ؓیزلعزاعبد بن عمر تحضر i . فرارف ii . صیتو کی نسلیما iii . مہلب بن یدیز یرفتاگر کی iv . لیومعز کی للہاعبد بن حاجر v . ا صلا حا ت vi . تفاو vii . مےنارکا روا تسیر 17 . ہیمابرا ،لثثا یدیز ،نیثا لیدو نیثا ناومر روا بسباا کے لاوز کے میہا بنو 02 . سلطنت منتظاا 1 سلطنت منتظاا یکزمر ۔ 0 سلطنت منتظاا ئیباصو ۔ CLOTHING AND RELATED ART-XI (H/ ECONOMICS GROUP) 1. Classification of textile fiber ` 44 i. Natural (wool, cotton, silk) ii. Synthetic / manmade (rayon, nylon, polyester) 2. Study of elements and principles of design i. Line, color, texture ii. Balance, proportion, emphasis 3. Basic weaves i. Plain ii. Twill iii. Satin 4. Methods of care and storage of clothes Daily, weekly, seasonal Practical 1. 6 basic embroidery stitches 2. Handling and care of sewing machine 3. Any two samples of necklines 4. Construction of one shirt and shalwar (newspaper draft or stitching) 5. Samples of any 3 seam-finishes. FOOD AND NUTRITION -XI Food: 1. Introduction, importance and functions of food. 2. Food groups: composition, selection, multivitamin value and its cookery i. Eggs, fruits and vegetables ii. Meat, fish and poultry iii. Milk and cereal Nutrition: 1. Introduction, classification, importance in health and disease 2. Under and over nutrition of the following nutrients i. Carbohydrates ii. Protein iii. Lipids iv. Vitamins (water and fat soluble) v. Water vi. Minerals (calcium, phosphorus, iron, iodine) Practical: 1. Introduction to laboratory 2. Equipments 3. Learning symbols and terms used in weighing 4. Egg cookery 5. Milk cookery 6. Vegetable cookery ` 45 7. Salad dressing HOME MANAGEMENT -XI 1. Home management i. Definition and process of home management (planning, organizing, controlling, evaluating) ii. Home management as a system 2. Goals, value and standards i. Definition, importance, types and common family goals ii. Definition, importance, types, characteristics and common family value iii. Definition, sources of standards, classification (qualitative, quantitative and flexibility standards) 3. Resources i. Definition and importance ii. Character, utility, accessibility, interchangeability, manageability iii. Classification (human Vs. non- human, economics Vs. non-economics, personal Vs. inter-personal iv. Factors affecting use of resources 4. Decision making i. Definition ii. Importance iii. Process of decision making 5. Income management i. Definition and importance ii. Types (money income, real income, psychic income) iii. Savings (definition, importance, principles, domestic and non-domestic methods) 6. Management of time and energy i. Concepts applied to time and energy ii. Guides of time management, factors affecting energy management iii. Work simplification (definition, importance, concept of work, worker and workplace) CHILD DEVELOPMENT-XI 1. Introduction to the growing child i. Definition, importance and scope of child development. ii. Methods of studying child development 2. Growing and development i. Definition and principles of growth and development 3. Interaction of heredity and environment i. Heredity mechanism, definition, chromosomes, sex determination, multiple births ii. Environment, definition, types 4. Parental development ` 46 i. Stages of parental development ii. Factors affecting parental life iii. Care of mother during pregnancy (physical, psychological, antenatal care) 5. Development tasks i. Infancy ii. Toddler hood iii. Early and late childhood 6. Major concerns during early and late childhood i. Hazard: physical and psychological ii. Prevention: physical and psychological URDU ADVANCE-XI ` 47 نثر حصّہ نمبر شما ر صفحہ کا بکتا سیرد نمبر فصناا ینثر ناعنو مصنفین 1 . ۱ ٍ تا ۱۱ نستااد یاحکا فرمسا روا گھبا ھےڑبو ت حسینی علی ردبہا میر 0 . ۱۱ تا ۵۵ لونا گلو رادنا للہاعبد حسین 3 . ۱۱ تا ۱۱ ماارڈ باسہرو ستمر یشمیرکا حشرغاآ 4 . ۱۱ تا ۱۹ نہفساا بیٹی کی گھر ےبڑ چند یمپر 5 . ۳۵ تا ۹۰ پتھر نیلا سمیقا یمند حمدا 6 . ۹۳ تا ۱۰۱ مینمضا خمسہ ِصرعنا کے یچرلٹر ودرُا یدفاآ یمہد 9 . ۱۰۱ تا ۱۱۱ ودرُا نساآ لحقاعبد یلومو 8 . ۱۱۳ تا ۱۱۱ حامز وطنز بچے ہینشا ینوتھا تشو ۱۱۱ تا ۱۵۱ ہے تروضر میں رخباا یربخا سپطر ہشا حمدا 7 . ۱۱۰ تا ۱۱۱ ودرُا بدا یخرتا یخرتا مختصر کی بداو نباز ودرا ٔمو لفین نظم حصہ 1 . ۱۱۱ تا ۱۱۰ فصناا یشعر فرارف کا نظم فضاا ٔمو لفین 0 . ۱۱۱ تا ۱۱۵ حمد حمد یردلقااہرما 3 . ۱۱۱ تا ۱۱۱ نعت نعت یورکوکا محسن 4 . ۱۱۱ تا ۱۱۱ منقبت منقبت یردلقااہرما 5 . ۱۱۳ تا ۱۱۱ نظم مناہےر کا للہا نظیر یدباآ کبرا 6 . ۱۱۱ تا ۱۱۱ نظم کملو ِنسل لیحا حسین فلطاا 9 . ۱۳۵ تا ۱۳۱ نظم ہو تےرڈ سے گیندز ن . م . شدار 8 . ۱۹۱ تا ۱۹۹ ثیہمر ؓحسین تدشہا بیرد ازمر 7 . ۱۰۰ تا ۱۰۱ تعیابار لیحا تعیابار لیحا حسین فلطاا فصناا ینثر حامزوطنز ،نمضمو ، نہفساا ،ماارڈ ، لونا،نستااد فصناا یشعر ، حمد عیبار ،ثیہمر ،نظم،منقبت ، نعت نبیا علم یہکنا ،سل،مرزمجا ، ہرستعاا نکاراعہرستعاا ، تشبیہ نکاراع تشبیہ یعبد علم حُسنِ،میہاا،قشقاا شبہ،قشقاا صنعت ،یمستو ِقلب ،متا ِتجنیس،تجنیس تلمیح ِصنعت ،نشرو لف،لنظیراۃعاامر ،تحلیل ` 48 PASHTO-XI هخرب رثن د رامشربمن د هحفص باتک يسرد ناونع فنصم 1 . ۷ هن ۳۱ يروپ مظن د رعش د رنه کټخ ناخ لاحشوخ 2 . ۳۱ هن ۴۲ )دمحا يولوم د وتښپ جنګ( تياکح )یګنت د ( دمحا يولوم 3 . ۴۱ هن ۱۱ ۍناخردُ ناخ مدا يشنم د( پش پګ ۍناوخ هصيق د )ناج دمحا ناخ دمحا يشنم 4 . ۱۲ هن ۲۴ د هتسدلګ ( تياکح ناخرداقلادبع )کټخ کټخ ناخرداقلادبع 5 . ۴۲ هن ۰۶ )دنمومردنلق( ېرجګ دنمومردنلق 6 . ۳۱ هن ۳۷ )حازم و زنط( يوک ےصلاخ ےروت امه نويامه دمحمرټکاډ 7 . ۳۳ هن ۳۶۱ هنوفنص ېغه د وا يرعاش يسلوا - 8 . ۳۶۲ هن ۳۳۶ نايب ملع - د مظن هخرب 1 . ۳۳۲ هن ۳۳۰ ملع بلاط جلاک د قلاخلادبع قيلخ 2 . ۳۴۶ هن ۳۴۴ همغن ۍرادېب د ادېش قح لضف 3 . ۳۴۱ هن ۳۴۰ يروسُ هاشرېش اسر لوسر دېس ايم 4 . ۳۱۷ هن ۳۱۱ لحم امز ناخ ينغ 5 . ۳۲۱ هن ۳۲۴ هنو ېرېب د يهاررمق 6 . ۳۲۰ هن ۳۴۶ هلغېپ کټخ لمجا 7 . ۳۴۳ هن ۳۴۱ هت نطو ليلخ سنوي دمحم 8 . ۳۰۳ هن ۳۰۲ هنطو لپخ امز هسلوا هماق رسېفورپ دنموم ردنلق 9 . ۳۰۴ هن ۳۰۷ روم هنتښُپ نيما قحلا نيما رټکاډ 11 . ۳۰۳ هن ۳۷۶ نما رهوګرېپ 11 . ۳۷۱ هن ۳۷۱ راديمز ټل زوسلد دمحم داد 12 . ۳۳۶ هن ۳۳۳ ريوصت ےزدواد هللا نيما هخرب ېمجرت ېموظنم د 1 . ۳۳۳ هن ۳۱۶ لابقا امه نويامه رسېفورپ 2 . ۳۱۲ هن ۳۱۴ هردنس لګ د فراع فورلادبع 3 . ۳۱۰ هن ۳۱۳ مظن هيدمح دباع ناج هللادبعرټکاډرسېفورپ هخرب لزغ د 1 . ۴۶۳ هن ۴۶۴ يراونېش ناخ هزمح ريما 2 . ۴۶۱ هن ۴۶۲ يوچلاکرهاط 3 . ۴۶۴ هن ۴۶۰ يراونېش رظان هداذ لعل 4 . ۴۶۷ هن ۴۶۳ يضېف هدازبحاص 5 . ۴۶۱ دنمومردنلقرسېفورپ 6 . ۴۳۶ هن ۴۳۳ شېدنارمقلا شمش 7 . ۴۳۴ هن ۴۳۱ درد هللا تمحر رسېفورپ 8 . ۴۴۶ مظعا مظعا دمحمرټکاډ رسېفورپ ` 49 9 . ۴۴۳ هن ۴۴۴ نارګ هللا مارکا 11 . ۴۴۱ هن ۴۴۲ ےدېرپا ربېخ 11 . ۴۴۱ هن ۴۱۶ يشېرق هللا عيطم 12 . ۴۱۰ هن ۴۱۷ رهوګ ديعس 13 . ۴۲۲ هن ۴۲۴ کټخ هاش يلو جار رسېفورپ 14 . ۴۲۰ هن ۴۲۷ يناردُ شېورد رسېفورپ 15 . ۴۴۴ هن ۴۴۱ لګنم ريسارسېفورپ 16 . ۴۴۲ هن ۴۴۴ رباص هاش بحاص رټکاډرسېفورپ ` 50 LIBRARY SCIENCE-XI نمبر صفحہ ناعنو یلیذ /ناعنو نمبر ببا 24 - 21 منظر پس یخیرتا کا نوخا کتب 1 . 04 - 24 سعتو روا عیتنو کی ئنسسا ییرئبرلا 0 . ممفہو کا نوخا کتب کا رتصو کے ییرئبرلا ءتقارا تیانظر کے ییرئبرلا میں یمقد نہماز تحاصلاا نئی کی ییرئبرلا یفیںتعر کی ییرئبرلا تصاخصو کی ییرئبرلا رادکر کا نےخا کتب میں ہشرمعا 3 . 62 - 39 صدمقا کے نُا روا مقساا کی نوخا کتب 4 . دامو ییرئبرلا یفتعر کی دامو ییرئبرلا تصیاخصو کی دامو ییرئبرلا ییرئبرلا مقساا کی دامو 5 . یتدفاا روا ممفہو ،رتصو کا بکتا 6 . ` 51 GEOGRAPHY- XI تفصیل مینمضا نمبر ببا و سعت ، شا خیں یتدفاا ، طبعی فیہا ف ا ُ غ کی سا روا یا شا خیں ہے ئنسیسا یگرد کا فیہاجغر علم تعلق سے مینمضا فرارف فیااجغر علم 1 فرارف شمسی منظا ، یکا بحیثیت مینز ئےور ہرسیا ، شکل کی مینز متامت روا ، سا روا نیپا تقسیم کی ، شیںدگر کی مینز تاثرا کے سا روا ہرسیا یکا ربطو مینز 0 نیورندا کی مینز ختسا ، چٹا ،نیں صیاخصو کی نا روا مقساا کی نوچٹا ت ستپو کا ضرا ہکر 3 مینز لخاوخد لےاو نےجا ئےپا پر ، یفتعر کی وڑپہا ، عمر روا مقساا ، کی تفعمر سطح مقساا روا تخلیق ، ئدافو روا مقساا کی نا نامید مینز لحاوحد مینیز 4 یرکا یاعر عمل ، مقساا کی سا روا گیدسوفر عمل ، عمل یبیتخر یرکا یاعر عمل 5 فرارف ، یبیتحر عمل ، وحد یبیتخر روا یتعمیر کے ساروا لزمنا کی یارد لحا ، گلیشیر ، سا قساا کی لحاوحد یبیتخر روا یتعمیر روا م ، عمل کا اہو تخر و تعمیر یب نکنارکا ت و یلتبد 6 فیہاجغر عملیعیکٹیکلپر نقشہ روا کشی نقشہ فہمی 1 ضرا ہکر تعین کا فاطرا کی نقشو روا - مقساا کی لشما 0 ئشپیما کی سا روا قتو 3 نہپیما (Scale) مقساا کی نا روا و ٹوبنا 4 ` 52 Grade-XII ENGLISH-XII U. No Sub U. No Title of Unit Status Content Retained/Included Content Excluded/Removed 1 1.1 The Farewell Sermon Retained (along with complete exercise) Nil 1.2 Jinnah’s Vision of Pakistan Retained (Except three comprehension questions) Comprehension Question No. 3, 4 & 8 are excluded (Page No.26) 1.3 The Blades of Grass (Poem) Retained (along with complete exercise) Nil 2 2.1 I Have a Dream Nil Excluded along with complete exercise (Page No.40– 55) 2.2 Glory and Hope Retained (along with complete exercise) Nil 2.3 I Dream a World (Poem) Retained (along with complete exercise) Nil 3 3.1 Lesson From the Battle of Uhud Retained (Except three comprehension questions) Comprehension Question No. 5, 8, 11, are excluded (Page No.82) 3.2 Lingkuan Gorge Nil Excluded along with complete exercise (Page No.94– 108) 3.3 If (Poem) Nil Excluded along with complete exercise (Page No.109– 120) 4 4.1 Determination Retained (Except one comprehension questions) Only comprehension Question No. 7 is excluded (Page No.127) 4.2 The Man Who Planted tress Nil Excluded along with complete exercise (Page No.145 – 158) 4.3 It Couldn’t be Done (Poem) Retained (along with complete exercise) Nil 5 5.1 Technology and Society of Feature Nil Excluded along with complete exercise (Page No.169 – 193) 5.2 Gender inequality is Detrimental to Society Retained (Except four comprehension questions) Comprehension Question No. 2, 4, 7 & 10 are excluded (Page No.198) 5.3 The School Boy (Poem) Nil Excluded along with complete exercise (Page No.209 – 228) ` 53 6 6.1 Archaeological Treasures of Pakistan Retained (along with complete exercise) Nil 6.2 The Renaissance Nil Excluded along with complete exercise (Page No.252 – 262) 6.3 Once Upon a Time (Poem) Retained (Along with complete exercise) Nil 7 7.1 The Merchant of Venice Nil Excluded along with complete exercise (Page No. 278 – 301) 7.2 King Lear Retained (Along with complete exercise) Nil 7.3 Essay Writing Retained Nil Note: all the interpreting and extending questions from relevant exercises are also excluded. ` 54 URDU (COMPULSORY)-XII نثر حصّہ مصنف ناعنو نمبر صفحہ کا بکتا سیرد شما نمبر ر نینعما شبلی تعلیم زِطر یمقد کا نومسلما ۱ تا ۹ ۱ مینظا حسن جہاخو ہزور میں قہفا ۱۱ تا ۱۱ ۱ حمدا ینلدا حصلا نا لامو فطر کی ت ی نط و پھر ۱۱ تا ۵۱ ۵ منٹو حسن تد سعا رمنظو ۱۱ تا ۱۱ ۱ سعبا مغلا کتبہ ۱۱ تا ۱۱ ۱ حمدا قشفاا محلّہ محسن ۹۳ تا ۱۰۱ ۱ بیگ للہا حتفر تعمیل کی صیّتو یکا ۱۱۹ تا ۱۵۱ ۱ تحسر حسن غاچر لقباا مہ علّا ۱۵۵ تا ۱۱۱ ۳ یربخا سپطر پیر کارپو یدمر ۱۱۱ تا ۱۱۱ ۹ نظم حصّہ لقباا مہعلّا ہشکو ِ باجود ۱۳۱ تا ۱۹۵ ۱ نیاشیر خترا چلو ھےبڑ ۱۹۱ تا ۱۹۱ ۱ مجدا مجید عمل ِنفیر ۱۱۱ تا ۱۱۱ ۵ یزنیا منیر ہو یتاد کر یرد ہمیشہ ۱۱۱ تا ۱۱۱ ۱ لغز حصّہ فیض حمدا فیض کب،نہیں تھسا اتیر میں دیا کب تیر میں تہا نہیں تہا ا ۱۱۱ تا ۱۱۱ ۱ ظمیکا صرنا نہیں دیا شب لِمنز سفر ۱۵۰ تا ۱۵۱ ۱ لیجلا شکیب ےگِر رچا ود میں صحن ےمیر تو پتھر کے آ ۱۵۱ تا ۱۵۱ ۵ زافر حمدا ہے لنابو کیا کو رکاسر ،ہیں گلو کشا لب ۱۵۱ تا ۱۵۱ ۱ ` 55 : نشاا و عداقو ،فعل نومعا،فعل متعلق، فعل ہرومحا روا ہمرزور، بعیتا،صفیو،کیارستدا ، ی ب نس ع جملے کبمر فقاوا ِ ِزمور قفہو ،خط ،سینقو،ئیہ فجا و ئیہاند ،لیہاسو،ینواو،تفصیلیہ،بطہار: :ئعصنا داعدلاا قتہسیا،لنظیرا ۃعاامر ِصنعت،دتضا ِصنعت،فمخر ِصنعت،متا ِتجنیس ِصنعت،تلمیح ِصنعت،یقتفر ِ صنعت ،مقطع ،مطلع نیٹسا،لغز ،سمسد ،مخمس، می ِنظم،نظم دازآ،نظم بند پا،نظم ،یفدر ،فیہقا : نبیا ِعلم یہکنا،سل،مُر زِمجا،ہرستعاا،تشبیہ یسینو نمضمو ۔گے ہو بنصا ِملشا بھی عداقو دجودمو میں تلااسو مشقی کے تلیاغز روا تمامنظو،قسباا ہشد فحذ : ٹ نو ` 56 PAKISTAN STUDIES-XII ببا ناعنو یلیذ /ناعنو 1 مقیاکا نکستاپا یہرجمہو میسلاا۔ i . ہے کیا یہنظر ہمیتا کی یےنظر کیبیتر ئےاجزا کے نکستاپا یہنظر ii . ھگڑ علی یکتحر iii . منظر پس کا مقیا کے لیگ مسلم برکتوا فدو شملہ 1726 ء مقیا کا لیگ مسلم 1726 ء iv . فتخلا یکتحر v . چرما رہولا دادراقر 1742 ء کا دادراقر متن vi . 1945-46 تبانتخاا کے vii . 3 نجود 1749 بہمنصو کا ہند تقسیم ء 0 میسلاا ۔ بتدا کے نکستاپا یہرجمہو ئیا ئلمسا i . ڈرایوا کلف یڈر ii . مینتظاا کا رموا مسئلہ iii . مسئلہ کا ینجرمہا iv . تقسیم کی ثوثاا v . تقسیم کی نماسا وزسا جیفو روا جافوا vi . مسئلہ کا نیپا ینہر vii . مسئلہ کا قلحاا کے ستویار دباآرحید ھگڑ ناجود کشمیرو جمو viii . ئعارذ لئے کے حل کے ئلمسا تصیاخصو کی ئیہنمار تعاامروشنیدو گفت تنظیم و دتحاا نیماا ` 57 3 نکستاپا ضرا ۔ i . ہمیتا کی عقوو محل کے نکستاپا ii . ہزاورد کاءیشیاا سطیو نکستاپا iii . لخاوخد طبعی کے نکستاپا iv . اہو و بآ کی نکستاپا خطے کے نکستاپا سے ظلحا کے اہو و بآ ثرا پر گیندز نینساا کے اہو و بآ v . حتسیا 4 ۔ بنا یہرجمہو میسلاا کو نکستاپا نے تمااقدا کے i . صدمقا دادراقر تنکا ہما کے صدمقا دادراقر ہمیتا کی صدمقا دادراقر ii . 1973 تفعاد میسلاا ملشا میں ئینآ کے ء iii . 1799 کے ء فتر پیش فطر کی مسلااذنفا بعد iv . قحقو نینساا روا عادلوا حجۃ خطبہ v . میہعلاا کا قحقو نینساا لمگیرعا کا ہمتحد ماقوا 5 ۔ روا نچہھاڈ متیحکو کا نکستاپا چھاا متحکو منظا i . گیدکررکا کی نا روا ےرادا کے متحکو قیفاو تارختیاا روا حیثیت کی رصد تارختیاا روا حیثیت کی عظمایرزو لیمنٹرپا لیہعد ii . مسلاا روا متحکو منظا چھاا iii . سلطنت منتظاا میں رود کے عنہ لیارف للہا ضیر قورفا عمر تحضر iv . نیاحکمر بسلوا بہتر روا منتقلی پر سطح نچلی کی تارحتیاا 6 ۔ ثقا کی نکستاپا یہرجمہو میسلاا فت کلچر ع i . یفتعر کی فتثقا ہمیتا کی فتثقا ii . تمامقا ہما ثہرو فتیثقا کا نکستاپا iii . تصیاخصو کہمشتر کی فتثقا نیکستاپا iv . تشر میں میوگرسر شیمعا روا سیسیا کی نکستاپا کی تیناخو 7 نیںباز نیکستاپا ۔ i . ودرا یخرتا مختصر کی نباز ودرا ` 58 ii . نیںباز ئیقاعلا پشتو 8 روا یکجہتی میقو ۔ لیشحاخو i . ممفہو کا یکجہتی ii . یزوتجا روا ئلمسا کے یکجہتی میقو میں نکستاپا 9 معا میں نکستاپا یہرجمہو میسلاا ۔ شی قیتر روا یبند بہمنصو i . رتصو کا یبند بہمنصو شیمعا ii . ہمیتا روا تروضر کی یبند بہمنصو میں نکستاپا iii . قیتر عیرز روا عتارز iv . قیتر صنعتی v . ترتجا vi . جیلوٹیکنا میشنرنفاا 10 خا کی نکستاپا یہرجمہو میسلاا ۔ جہر لیسیپا i . یفتعر کی لیسیپا جہرخا ii . صدمقا کے لیسیپا جہرخا کی نکستاپا iii . تتعلقا تھسا کے لکمما ےسرود کے نکستاپا او تربھا نایرا یکامرا ننستافغاا بعر یدسعو iv . جہرخا کے نکستاپا ۔ہئزجا کا تلاحا میاقولاا بین تعلقا روا بیامیاکا کی ت میاکانا 11 ۔ ئلمسا کے نکستاپا i . یدباآ کی نکستاپا ii . تعلیم iii . عتارز iv . صحت v . ملاعو لےاو نےکر اپید گیدلوآ تیلیاحوما ` 59 PHYSICS-XII Unit 11: Electrostatics 11.1 Coulomb’s law 11.2 Electric field and its intensity 11.4 Electric flux 11.5 Gauss’s law 11.5.1.2 Electric field intensity due to infinite sheet of charge 11.6 Electric potential 11.9 The electron volt 11.10 Capacitor 11.10.1 Capacitance of a capacitor and its unit 11.10.2 Capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor 11.11 Electric polarization 11.12 Energy stored in a capacitor 11.13 Charging and discharging of a capacitor Unit 12: Current Electricity 12.3 Ohm’s law 12.8 Effect of temperature on resistance 12.9 Wire wound variable resistors (i). Rheostat (ii). Potential divider 12.17 Kirchhoff’s laws 12.18 Wheatstone bridge 12.19 Potentiometer Unit 13: Electromagnetism 13.2 Force on a current carrying conductor 13.3 Magnetic flux 13.4 Ampere’s law 13.7 Torque on a current carrying loop/coil 13.8 Galvanometer 13.9 Conversion of galvanometer into ammeter ` 60 13.10 Conversion of galvanometer into voltmeter Unit 14: Electromagnetic induction 14.2 Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction 14.3 Lenz’s law 14.4 Induced e.m.f. 14.4.1 Motional e.m.f. 14.4.3 Self inductance 14.4.3.3 Mutual inductance 14.7 Transformer 14.7.1 Induction law Unit 15: AC Circuit 15.1 Alternating voltage and current 15.2 Sinusoidal alternating voltage and current 15.3 AC Terminologies 15.4 Values of alternating voltage and current 15.5 RMS value of sinusoidal current 15.6 Phase of AC 15.7 AC through resistor 15.7.1 Power loss in a resistor 15.8 AC through pure inductor 15.8.1 Power loss in an inductor 15.10 AC through capacitor 15.10.1 Power loss in a capacitive circuit Unit 16: Physics of solids 16.5 Energy band theory 16.6 Superconductors 16.7 Theory of magnetism 16.8 Modern view of magnetism 16.8.1 Classification of magnetic materials (Paramagnetic, Diamagnetic, Ferromagnetic) Unit 17: Electronics ` 61 17.5 Rectification 17.5.1 Half wave rectifier 17.5.2 Full wave rectifier 17.6 Transistor (introduction only, Configurations and applications are excluded) Unit 18: Dawn of modern physics 18.2 Special theory of relativity 18.3 Consequences of special theory of relativity 18.5 Photoelectric effect 18.9 The wave nature of particle (18.9.1 and 18.9.2 are excluded) Unit 19: Atomic Spectra 19.3 Bohr’s model of hydrogen atom (Radii of quantized orbit) (Energy of electron in quantized orbit) (Hydrogen emission spectrum) 19.5 De Broglie wave and the hydrogen atom (Limitations of Bohr’s theory) Unit 20: Nuclear Physics 20.1 Atomic nucleus 20.4 Nuclear masses 20.5 Mass defect and binding energy 20.6 Radioactivity (alpha, beta and gamma emission) 20.8 Half-life and rate of decay 20.18 Basic forces of nature Note: All MCQs, short questions and problems relevant to the above mentioned topics along with sub headings are included ` 62 List of practical for grade XII 1. Determine time constant by charging and discharging a capacitor through a resistor. 2. Determine resistance of wire by slide Wire Bridge. 3. Determine resistance of voltmeter by drawing graph between R and I/V. 4. Determine emf of a cell using potentiometer. 5. Convert a galvanometer into voltmeter of range 0 – 3 V. 6. Draw characteristics of semiconductor diode and calculate forward and reverse current resistances. 7. Study of the variation of electric current with intensity of light using a photocell. ` 63 BIOLOGY-XII Unit Topic/Subtopic 14. Respiration 14.1 Properties of Respiratory surfaces 14.2 Human Respiratory system 14.2.2 Pharynx 14.2.3 larynx 14.2.4 Trachea 14.2.5 Bronchi 14.2.6 Bronchioles 14.2.7 Alveoli 14.2.8 Lungs 14.3 Lung Volumes and capacities 14.4 Control of Breathing 14.4.1 Involuntary control 14.4.2 Voluntary control 14.5 Mechanism of Transport of Gases 14.5.1 Transport of oxygen in blood 14.5.2 Transport of Carbon dioxide 14.6 Respiratory Pigments 14.6.1 Hemoglobin 14.6.2 Myoglobin 14.7 Respiratory Disorders 14.7.1 Sinusitis 14.7.3 Pneumonia 14.7.4 tuberculosis 15. Homeostasis Homeostasis ( Definition Only) 15.2 Osmoregulation 15.2.1 Water and solutes Relation to the Cells 15.2.2 Osmoregulators 15.2.3 Osmoconformers 15.3 Osmoregulation in animals of different environment 15.3.1 Fresh Water animals 15.3.2 Marine animals 15.3.3 Terrestrial animals 15.4 Excretion 15.4.1 Ammonia 15.4.2 Urea 15.4.3 Uric Acid 15.5 Human Excretory System 15.5.1 Kidneys 15.5.2 Ureters 15.5.3 Urinary Bladder 15.5.4 Urethra 15.5.5 Nephron 15.5.6 Renal Corpuscle 15.5.7 Renal Tubule 15.5.8 Types of Nephron 15.5.9 Excretory Function of Nephron 15.5.10 Kidneys as Osmoregulatory Organ ` 64 15.6 Urinary Tract Infections(UTIs) 15.6.1 Causes 15.7 Urinary Stones 15.7.1 Symptoms 15.7.2 Chemical nature of stones 15.7.3 Causes 15.7.4 Treatment of Urinary stones 15.8 Renal Failure/Kidney Failure 15.8.1 Acute Kidney Failure 15.8.2 Causes 15.8.3 Chronic Renal Failure 15.8.4 Causes 15.8.5 Renal Failure Treatment 16. Support & Movements 16.1 Human Skeleton 16.1.1 Cartilage 1 6.1.2 Bone 6.1.3 Main divisions of human skeleton 16.1.4 Joints 16.3 Muscles 16.3.1 Types of muscles 16.3.2 Structure of Skeletal muscles 17. Nervous coordination 17.2 Neurons 7.2.1 Sensory Neuron 17.2.2 Associative/intermediate neuron 17.2.4 Reflex Arc 7.3 Nerve Impulse 17.3.1 Resting membrane potential 17.3.2 Distribution and active movement of Na+ and K+ ions 17.3.3 Negative organic ions 17.3.4 Leakage of K+ ions 17.3.5 Development of active membrane potential 17.3.6 Threshold stimulus 17.3.7 Influx of Na+ 17.3.8 Refractory period 17.3.9 types of Nerve Impulse 17.4 Synapse 17.4.1 Electrical synapses 17.4.2 Chemical synapses 17.4.3 Transmission of nerve impulse across synapse 17.4.4 Neurotransmitters 17.5 Organization of Human Nervous system 17.5.1 Divisions of human nervous system 17.5.2 Central Nervous System 17.5.3 Protection of brain and spinal cord 17.5.4 Structure and function of brain 17.5.5 Peripheral Nervous System 17.5.6 somatic Nervous System 17.5.7 Autonomic Nervous System(ANS) ` 65 17.6 Structure and Function of Special Receptors 17.6.1 Taste 17.6.2 Smell 17.6.3 Touch 17.6.4 Pain 18. Chemical coordination 18.1 Hormones: The Chemical Messengers 18.1.1 chemical nature of hormones 18.2.Endocrinic System of man 18.2.2 Pituitary gland 18.2.3 Thyroid gland 18.2.4 Parathyroid 18.2.5 Pancreas 18.2.6 Adrenal glands 18.2.7 The Gonads 19. Behavior Introduction ( Behavior definition only) 19.4 Social behaviors 19.4.1 Hostile and helpful intraspecific interaction 19.4.2 Aggression 19.4.3 Territorial behavior 19.4.4 dominance hierarchies 19.4.5 Altruistic behavior 20. Reproduction 20.1 Male Reproductive System 20.1.1 Testes 20.1.2 Vasa efferentia 20.1.4 Vas deferens 20.1.5 Urethra 20..1.6 Accessory glands 20.1.7 Spermatogenesis 20.1.8 Sperm 20.1.9 Hormonal control 20.2 Female Reproductive System 20.2.1 Ovaries 20.2.2 Fallopian tubes 20.2.3 Uterus 20.2.4 Cervix 20.2.5 Vagina 20.2.6 Oogenesis 20.3 Menstrual Cycle 20.3.2 Proliferative phase 20.3.3 Secretory phase 20.4 Disorders of Reproductive system 20.4.1 Female infertility 20.4.2 Male infertility 20.4.3 In vitro fertilization 20.4.4 Miscarriage 21. Development and aging 2.1 Embryonic Development 21.1.1 Early cleavage and Blastocyst formation 21.1.2 Implantation of early embryo 21.1.3 Gastrulation 21.1.4 Neurulation 21.3 Human Embryonic Development ` 66 21.3.1 Fetal development: The first trimester 21.3.2 Fetal Development: The second trimester 21.3.3 Fetal development: The third trimester 21.3.4 Twins and Quadruplets 23.3.5 Placentation 21.4 Lactation 21.4.1 Breast feeding VS Bottle Feeding 21.5 Disorders during Embryonic Development 21.5.1 Rubella 21.5.2 Abnormal neural tube 21.5.3 Thyroid gland 21.5.4 Limb abnormalities 21.5.5 Genetic abnormalities related to spontaneous abortions 22. Inheritance Introduction 22.1 Mendel’s Laws of Inheritance 22.1.1 Gregor John Mendel & his work 221.2 Mendel’s Experiment 22.1.3 Inheritance of single trait 22.1.4 Mendel’s principles of inheritance 22.1.5 Inheritance of two traits 22.3 ABO Blood Group System 22.3.1 Multiple Alleles 22.3.2 ABO blood groups 22.3.3 Genetic basis of ABO blood group 22.5 Gene Interaction 22.5.1 Epistasis 22.5.2 Bomby phenotype 22.5.3 Polygenic Inheritance 22.5.4 Wheat grain color 22.5.5 Human skin color 22.7 Sex determination 22.7.1 Patterns of Sex Determination 22.7.2 Comparison of chromosomal determination of sex between Dros 22.8.1 Sex Linkage in Drosophila 22.8.3 Types of sex Linked traits 22.8.4 Linkage in humans 22.8.5 Genetics of Hemophilia 22.8.6 Genetics of color-blindness 22.8.7 Sex Related Traits 23. Chromosomes and DNA 23.4 DNA as Heredity Material 23.4.1 Griffith’s Experiment 23.4.2 Avery’s Experiment 23.4.3 Hershey & Chase Experiment 23.5 DNA Replication 23.5.1 Semi-conservative Model 23.5.2 Conservative Model 3.5.3 Dispersive Model 23.5.4 Michelson-Stahl Experiment ` 67 23.5.5 Process of DNA replication 23.6 Gene Expression 23.6.1 Central Dogma of gene expression 23.6.2 Transcription 23.6.3 Post Transcriptional Modification of mRNA 23.6.4 genetic Code 23.6.5 Translation 23.7 Regulation of Gene Expression 23.7.1 Importance of gene regulation 23.7.2 Methods of gene regulation 23.7.3 Lac Operon 23.8 Mutation 23.8.1 Origin of Mutation 23.8.2 Types of mutation 23.8.3 Types of Mutagens 24. Evolution 24.1 The Evolution of the Concepts of Evolution 24.2 Evolution of Eukaryotes from prokaryotes 24.2.1 Endosymbiosis 24.2.2 Membrane Infoldling 24.3 Lamarckism 24.4 Darwinism 24.4.1 Darwin’s voyage of HMS Beagle and his observations 24.3.2 Darwin’s theory evolution 24.5 Neo-darwinism 24.5.1 Evidence of Evolution 25. Man and his Environment 25.1 Biogeochemical cycles 25.1.1 Water Cycle 5.1.2 The Nitrogen Cycle 25.3 Ecological Succession 25.3.1 Types of Succession 25.3.2 Xerosere 26. Biotechnology 26.1 Cloning of gene 26.1.1 Recombinant DNA Technology 26.1.2 Selection and Isolation of Desired Gene 26.1.3 Molecular Scissors 26.1.4 Molecular Carrier or Vectors 26.1.5 Example of Vectors 26.1.6 Molecular Glue 26.1.7 Expression system 26.2 Procedure of recombination DNA Technology 26.2.1 Formation of Recombinant DNA 26.2.2 Transformation of expression system 26.2.3 Identification of transformed clone 26.3 Polymerase Chain Reaction 26.3.1 Components of PCR technique 26.3.2 Mechanism of PCR reaction 26.3.3 Application of PCR 26.4 Genomic Library 26.4.1 Construction of Genomic Library 26.4.2 Locating of interest from DNA libraries ` 68 26.5 DNA Sequencing 26.5.1 Sanger’s method 26.5.2 Gel electrophoresis 26.5.3 Automated DNA Sequencing 26.5.4 Maxam-Gilgert Method 26.6 DNA Analysis 26.6.1 Procedure 26.6.2 Applications of DNA analysis 26.7 Genome Maps 26.7.1 Genome maps 26.7.2 Genetic markers 26.7.3 commonly Used DNA Markers 26.7.4 Genome Analysis 26.7.5 Human Genome Project 26.7.6 Major Goals of HGP 26.7.7 Benefits of HGP 26.8 Tissue Culture 26.8.1 Procedure of tissue Culture 26.8.2 Types of tissue culture 26.8.3 animal Cell Culture 26.9. Transgenic Organisms 26.9.1 transgenic Bacteria 26.9.2 Transgenic Plants 26.9.3 Transgenic Animals 27. Biology and human Welfare Introduction 27.7 role of Microbes in Human Welfare 27.7.1 Role of Microbes in Human Welfare 27.7.2 Role of Microbes in Alcohol industry 27.7.3 Role of Microbes in Pharmaceutical industry 27.7.4 Role of Microbes in Waste Treatment 27.7.5 Role of Microbes in Energy ` 69 LIST OF BIOLOGY PRACTICALS HSSC (2nd YEAR) Chapter 14: Respiration Comparison and interpretation of the X-ray films of lungs of a smoker with that of a healthy man Chapter 15: Homeostasis No Practical Chapter 16: Support & Movements Identification of the bones of the pelvic girdles, arms and legs by using the model of human skeleton Comparison of the structure of skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscles with the help of prepared slides Chapter 17: Nervous Coordination Observation of the MRI scan of the brain of a sleeping human and compare it with that of a fully awake individual Chapter 18: Chemical Coordination No practical Activity Chapter 19: Behaviour Observation of a spider’s web and recording the instincts by providing it various stimuli Chapter 20: Reproduction Examination of the prepared slides of histology of ovaries and drawing its structure Chapter 21: Development and Aging Identification of the group of vertebrates, through diagrams of different blastula Chapter 22: Inheritance Evaluation of the inheritance of genes and their mixing during fertilization as based on mathematical probabilities Chapter 23: Chromosomes and DNA No practical Activity Chapter 24: Evolution Interpretation of different homologous and analogous structures through observation in plants Chapter 25: Man and his Environment No practical Activity Chapter 26: Biotechnology No practical Activity Chapter 27: Biology and Human Welfare No practical Activity ` 70 CHEMISTRY-XII Chapter-13 s and p Block Elements Introduction 13.1 3rd Period (Na to Ar): 13.1.1 Physical of properties and Atomic Properties of Elements of 3rd Period 13.1.1.1 Electronic Configuration 13.1.1.2 Trends in Atomic Radius 13.1.1.3 Trends in first Ionization Energy 13.1.1.4 Trends in Electronegativity 13.1.1.5 Trends in electrical Conductivity 13.1.1.6 Trends in Melting and Boiling Points 13.1.2 Reaction of period 3rd Elements with Water, Oxygen and Chlorine 13.2 Group I Elements 13.2.1 Trends in Physical Properties 13.2.1.1 Trends in Atomic Radius 13.2.1.2 Trends in first Ionization Energy 13.2.1.3 Trends in Electronegativity 13.2.1.4 Trends in Melting and Boiling Points 13.2.1.5 Trend in Density 13.2.2 Trends in Chemical Properties 13.2.2.1 Reaction with water 13.2.2.2 Reaction with oxygen 13.2.2.3 Reaction with Chlorine 13.2.2.5 Flame test 13.3 Group II Elements 13.3.1 Trends in Physical Properties 13.3.1.1 Trends in Atomic Radius 13.3.1.2 Trends in first Ionization Energy 13.3.1.3 Trends in Electronegativity 13.3.1.4 Trends in Melting and Boiling Points 13.3.2 Trends in Chemical Properties 13.3.2.1 Trends in Reactivity with water 13.3.2.2 Reaction with Oxygen and Nitrogen 13.3.3 How beryllium differs from other members of its group? 13.3.4 Why is Beryllium Chloride Covalent and not Ionic? 13.3.5 Amphoteric Beryllium Hydroxides 13.4 Group IV Elements 13.4.1 Physical Properties 13.4.1.1 Melting and Boiling Point 13.4.1.2 Trend from non-metal to metal 13.4.1.3 Oxidation state 13.4.1.2 Inert Pair Effect in formation of ionic bond 13.4.1.3 Inert Pair Effect in formation of covalent bond ` 71 13.4.2 Chemical Properties 13.4.2.1 Chlorides of Carbon, Silicon and Lead 13.4.2.1.1 Structure and stability 13.4.2.1.2 Reaction with water 13.4.2.2 Oxides 13.4.2.2.1 Structure of Carbon dioxide and Silicon dioxide Chapter-14 d and f block Elements Introduction 14.1 General features 14.1.1 General features of transition metals 14.1.2 Electronic structure 14.1.3 Binding Energy 14.1.4 Variable oxidation state 14.1.5 Catalytic Properties 14.1.6 Magnetic Behavior 14.1.7 Alloy Formation 14.2 Coordination compounds 14.2.1 Complex ions 14.2.2 Nomenclature of coordination compounds 14.2.3 Shapes of Complex ions 14.2.4 Color of complexes 14.3 Chemistry of some important Transition Elements 14.3.2 Chromium 14.3.3 Manganese 14.3.5 Copper Chapter-15 Organic Compounds Introduction 15.1 Sources 15.1.1 Fossil Remains 15.1.2 Plants and Natural Products 15.2 Coal as a source of Organic compounds 15.3 Characteristics of Organic Compounds 15.4 Uses of Organic Compounds 15.6 Functional Group and Homologous series Chapter-16 Hydrocarbons Introduction 16.1 Types of Hydrocarbons 16.2 Alkanes and Cycloalkanes 16.2.1 Nomenclature 16.2.2 Physical properties 16.2.3 Structure 16.2.5 Reaction of alkanes ` 72 16.3 Alkenes 16.3.1 Nomenclature 16.3.3 Structure of alkenes 16.3.4 Preparation of alkenes 16.3.6 Reaction alkenes 16.4 Isomerism 16.5 Alkynes 16.5.1 Nomenclature 16.5.3 Structure 16.5.4 Physical Properties 16.5.5 Preparation of alkynes by Elimination Reactions 16.5.7 Acidity of Terminal Alkynes 16.5.8 Addition reaction of Alkynes 16.6 Benzenes and Substituted Benzenes 16.6.1 Nomenclature 16.6.2 Physical Properties 16.6.3 Structure 16.6.4 Resonance, Resonance Energy and stability 16.6.5 Reactivity and reaction 16.6.5.1 Addition reaction 16.6.5.2 Electrophilic Aromatic substitution 16.6.5.3 Substituent Effects 16.5.5.4 Making Poly Substituted Benzene Chapter-17 Alkyl Halides Introduction 17.1 Alkyl Halides 17.1.1 Nomenclature of Alkyl Halides 17.1.2 Physical Properties of Alkyl Halides 17.1.3 Structure of Alkyl Halides 17.1.4 Preparation of Alkyl Halides 17.1.4.1 Reaction of Halogen acids with alcohols 17.1.4.2 By the action of Phosphorous Halides on Alcohols 17.1.5 Reactivity of Alkyl Halides 17.1.6 Nucleophilic Substitution reaction 17.1.6.2 Important Concepts 17.1.6.3 SN1 Mechanism 17.1.6.4 SN2 Mechanism 17.1.7 Elimination reaction E1-Mechanism E2-Mechanism 17.2 Organometallic compounds (Grignard Reagents) 17.2.1 Preparation of Grignard’s reagent 17.2.2 Reactivity of Grignard’s reagent ` 73 17.2.3 Reactions of Grignard’s reagent Chapter-18 Alcohol, Phenols and Ethers Introduction 18.1 Alcohols 18.1.1 Nomenclature 18.1.2 Physical Properties 18.1.3 Structure of alcohols 18.1.4 Acidity of alcohols 18.1.5 Preparation of alcohols 18.1.5.4 Reduction of Aldehydes and ketones 18.1.5.6 Reduction of carboxylic acid and Ester 18.1.6 Reactivity 18.1.7 Reactions of alcohols 18.1.7.1 Reaction with Halogen Acids (HX) 18.1.7.4 Reaction with carboxylic acids (Esterification) 18.1.7.5 Oxidation 18.1.7.6 Cleavage of 1,2-diols (Glycols) 18.2 Phenols 18.2.1 Nomenclature 18.2.2 Structure of Phenols 18.2.3 Physical Properties 18.2.4 Acidity of Phenols 18.2.5 Preparation of phenols 18.2.6 Reactivity of phenols 18.3 Ethers 18.3.1 Nomenclature 18.3.2 Preparation 18.3.3 Physical Properties 18.3.4 Chemical reactivity Chapter-19 Carbonyl compounds I Aldehydes and Ketones Introduction 19.1 Nomenclature 19.2 Physical properties 19.3 Structure 19.5 Reactivity of Carbonyl Compounds 19.6 Reactions of Aldehydes and Ketones 19.6.1 Nucleophilic Addition Reactions 19.6.2 Relative Reactivity 19.6.3 Reduction of Aldehydes and Ketones a) Clemenson Reduction b) Wolf-Kishner Reduction 3. (ii) Reduction using HCN 4. Reduction using Nitrogen Nucleophile ` 74 19.6.4 Oxidation Reactions of Carbonyl Compounds Chapter 20 Carbonyl Compounds II Carboxylic acids and Functional derivatives Introduction 20.1 Nomenclature 20.2 Physical Properties 20.3 Structure 20.4 Acidity 20.5 Preparation of Carboxylic acids 20.5.2 Hydrolysis of Nitriles 20.5.5 Oxidation of Alkyl Benzene 20.6 Reactivity 20.7 Reaction of Carboxylic Acids 20.7.1 Conversion to Carboxylic Acid Derivatives 20.7.1.1 Acid Halides and Acyl Halides 20.7.1.2 Acid Anhydride 20.7.1.3 Esters 20.7.5 Reactions of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives 20.7.5.2 Reaction of Acid Anhydride 20.7.5.3 Reactions of Esters i) Hydrolysis ii) Reduction of Esters Chapter-21 Bio Chemistry Introduction 21.1 Carbohydrates 21.1.1 Classification of Carbohydrates 21.1.2 Functions of Carbohydrates 21.2 Proteins 21.2.1 Functions of Proteins 21.2.2 Classification of Proteins 21.2.3 Structure of Proteins 21.2.4 Properties of Proteins 21.2.5 Importance of Proteins 21.3 Enzymes 21.3.1 Role of enzymes as Biocatalyst 21.3.2 Factors affecting Enzymes activity i. Effect of Temperature ii Effect of pH 21.3.3 Industrial application of Enzymes 21.4 Lipids 21.4.1 Classification of Lipids 21.4.2 Structure 21.4.3 Physical Properties 21.4.4 Chemical Properties ` 75 Chapter-22 Industrial Chemistry Introduction 22.4 Pesticides 22.5 Petrochemicals 22.6 Synthetic Polymers (PVC and Nylon) Chapter-23 Environmental Chemistry Introduction 23.1 Chemistry of Troposphere 23.1.4 Industrial Smog 23.1.5 Photochemical Smog 23.1.7 Acid Rain 23.2 Chemistry of Stratosphere 23.3 Water Pollution and Water treatment 23.3.1 Types of water pollutants 23.3.1.1 Suspended Solids and Sediments 23.3.1.2 Dissolved Solids 23.3.2 Waste water treatment Chapter-24 Analytical chemistry Introduction 24.2 Modern Methods of analysis 24.2.1 Spectroscopy 24.2.2 Spectroscopic Methods 24.2.2.1 Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy 24.2.2.2 Ultraviolet and visible spectroscopy List of experiments for reduced syllabus Chemistry XII. 1. Dry Test for Basic and Acidic Radicals (only two salts). 2. Basic Radical Group I (only two Radicals), Group II-A (only two radicals), Group III (only two radicals), Group VI (only two radicals). 3. Acid Radical Dilute Acidic Group (only two radicals), Concentrated Acidic Group (only two radicals) 4. Preparation of Iodo form (CHI3) 5. Estimation of Barium as Barium Chromate (BaCrO4)
