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International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) Volume 5 Issue 3, March-April 2021 Available Online: www.ijtsrd.com e-ISSN: 2456 – 6470 @ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD39916 | Volume – 5 | Issue – 3 | March-April 2021 Page 795 Modernization of the Education System as a Factor of Social Development Nazirova Dilfuza1, Nalibaeva Zulhumor2 1Senior Lecturer, Department of Uzbek (Russian) Language, Tashkent State University of Transport, Tashkent, Uzbekistan 2Senior Lecturer, Department of Higher Mathematics, Tashkent Institute of Textile and Light Industry, Tashkent, Uzbekistan ABSTRACT This article is devoted to the process of modernization of the education system of Uzbekistan. From year to year, education policy is changing, updating and improving. Integration into international education policy is accelerating. The study of problems in education has always been relevant. This article also focuses on the educational policy of Uzbekistan and the process of modernization in it and provides a scientific analysis. KEYWORDS: education policy, modernization, innovation, national program, international integration How to cite this paper: Nazirova Dilfuza | Nalibaeva Zulhumor "Modernization of the Education System as a Factor of Social Development" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-3, April 2021, pp.795-796, URL: www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd39916.pdf Copyright © 2021 by author (s) and International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Journal. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0) The education system of Uzbekistan retains two major factors. The first is the inheritance of elements of the former USSR education system and the preservation of invaluable intellectual capital in it, the second is the need to develop and create more cultural conditions for integration into international education policy and its development. To do this, there was a need to create a huge and well-thought-out new education policy in this area. Therefore, the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan set the task to create the core of the national intellect, to train educated specialists who can compete at the international level and provide them with modern education. [1] There are several reasons for this: firstly, the education system is one of the few sectors that affects the interests of all members of the economy, secondly, the importance of the education system in the development of human capital as the main criterion for the country's social development, thirdly, the education system is the most important factor. It is known that the processes of the higher education system and the level of human knowledge in it are far from the requirements of the modern development of society, and this is one of the biggest problems. In other words, problems such as poor knowledge of the mother tongue (meaning literary language norms), inability to express one's views competently and logically, disregard for world and national history, national culture and values, low level of economic, political and legal illiteracy, insufficient knowledge of foreign languages awaiting its solution. These are not only problems in the education system of Uzbekistan, but also in Central Asia. Because there are many similarities in education policy. Given these external and internal challenges, the education system is going through a period of deep and gradual strategic modernization. And since the core and foundation of the educational process is the educational process, its reconstruction, renewal and modernization will always play a key role. Modernization should affect all levels of the learning process, especially the intermediate and advanced levels. Primary school in Uzbekistan, as in other post-Soviet countries, is characterized by its traditionally high quality, is one of the leading and worthy works on modernization, and is characterized by the following areas: Development of functional literacy of students: For the first time in Uzbekistan in the post-Soviet space, a National Program for the Development of Functional Literacy has been developed, which aims to develop students' competencies and increase their ability to apply knowledge in real life situations; Testing e-learning. By 2025, this project will cover 90 percent of schools, digital learning resources will become new friends of the student: e-textbooks and libraries, access to the best educational resources in the world at any time; IJTSRD39916 International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470 @ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD39916 | Volume – 5 | Issue – 3 | March-April 2021 Page 796 Return to 11-year education (previously worked 9 + 3 programs); Introduce English into the educational process at all levels, from school to university. From January 2013 (Presidential Decree was issued in December 2012), English language learning was introduced in all Uzbek schools from the 1st grade. Educational work in the framework of the National Plan, aimed at the formation of intellectually, physically and spiritually developed citizens of the Republic of Uzbekistan in secondary schools, the preparation of young people capable of creative thinking, career choices; Presidential Intellectual Schools are the main center and interpreter for the modernization of the school learning process. On their basis, conditions are being created for the development of innovations based on successful international experience. It should be noted that in order to implement the modern model of education in the Republic of Uzbekistan developed a State Program for the Development of Education for 2025- 2030, the priority of which is the development of innovative technologies, introduction and popularization of educational projects. Innovative education projects serve to form new criteria, principles and approaches to the modernization of the entire education system, to ensure its harmonious development. Another area is the improvement of National Unified Testing. In accordance with international practice, the transition to higher education entrance exams and other forms of control and measurement materials, as well as the right of graduates to choose the forms of final certification are being considered. The changes will also affect the content of test questions, with more emphasis on logical questions as well as tasks that require the mobilization of students ’competencies. In the field of technical and vocational education, together with employers, the development of professional standards for priority specialties of accelerated industrialization has begun. Based on them, educational programs are developed. One of the innovations is that these programs provide an opportunity to increase the training time for internships, including training modules to acquire new skills, in addition, educational institutions can independently introduce subjects in their specialties depending on the requirements of employers. Also, new educational elements are being introduced in the training of personnel for transport, oil and gas, chemical and mining industries, agriculture, metallurgy, mechanical engineering. The introduction of this system this year will allow attracting more companies to training. Personnel in more than 120 specialties will be trained under a fundamentally new scheme with 75 percent production practice. Thus, enterprises, on the basis of mutually beneficial partnership with educational institutions, receive specialists who are trained according to their requirements. However, the current state of the technical education system in the country is characterized by more weaknesses - one of the biggest concerns is the lack of sufficient knowledge of foreign languages. When the opinions of students who are actively involved in education were studied through sociological research, they expressed dissatisfaction with the pedagogical and scientific potential, as well as the weakness and conformity of the learning process to the actual production requirements. Many other indicators also indicate the development of negative processes in higher education in Uzbekistan. The reasons for this situation are many, but there are also factors of social significance. These include the relative level of salaries of university teachers; the dynamics of a sharp decline in this level over the last 15 years can be observed. For all categories of professors, the decline in the relative level of salaries may not affect the quality of training. In addition, there is a decline in the quality of higher education in the country's universities, which can lead to the popularization of higher education, the emergence of low-skilled professionals in the labor market and, consequently, the devaluation of higher education diplomas. The results of the research clearly show that many universities do not provide educational services at their level. These identified shortcomings have led to an intensification of the process of optimization of higher education institutions. It is also clear that for many other reasons the need for changes in higher and postgraduate education, among which we can note the expansion and renewal of the boundaries of academic freedom of universities in the formation of curricula. The implementation of higher education content at the request of employers can yield high results. This is also known from international experience. The transformations introduced into this system must meet the requirements of the innovative strategy of expected development, which is also the most important area of activity, which is the essence of the existence of any educational institution - the educational process. Positions of innovations in this field have a special place in the science of the university and its special direction is the object of study of pedagogical innovations [2]. It is a science that studies the essence, laws of the emergence and development of pedagogical innovations, their relation to the traditions of the past and future in relation to the subjects of education [3]. However, even if we limit ourselves to the educational process, no matter how thoughtful and attractive new ideas are, they will only become innovations with the proper organization and management of all innovative processes. References: [1] Shestakov A. L., Vaulin S. D., and others. Innovation activity is the most important direction of development of a modern university. Engineering education. No. 2. p. 134-139. [2] Clark B. R. Creating entrepreneurial universities: Organizational pathways of transformation Issues in Higher Education. Paris: IAU Press: Pergamon: Elsevier Science. 1998. P.23. [3] Ghoshal S. Bartlett C. A. The Individualized Corporation: A Fundamentally New approach to Management. Random House Business Book. 2000. p.67.
