Economy of Germany
Economy of Germany
Currency
Euro (EUR)
Fiscal year
calendar year
Trade
organisations
EU, WTO (via EU
membership) and OECD
Statistics
GDP
$3.297 trillion (2007 est.)
GDP growth
2.7% (2006) [1]
GDP per capita $40,079 (2007 est.)
GDP by sector
agriculture (0.9%), industry
(29.1%), services (70%)
(2006)
Inflation (CPI)
1.7% (2006)
Population
below poverty
line
11% (2001)
Gini index
28.3 (2007)[2]
Labour force
43.66 million (2006 est.)
Labour force
by occupation
services (63.8%), industry
(33.4%), agriculture (2.8%)
(2006)
Unemployment 7.3%[3]
Main
industries
iron, steel, coal, cement,
chemicals, machinery,
vehicles, machine tools,
electronics, food and
beverages, shipbuilding,
textiles
External
Exports
$1.354 trillion f.o.b. (2007
est.)
Export goods
machinery, vehicles,
chemicals, metals and
manufactures, foodstuffs,
textiles
Main export
partners
France 9.7%, U.S. 7.5%, UK
7.3%, Italy 6.7%,
Netherlands 6.4%, Austria
5.4%, Belgium 5.3%, Spain
5% (2007)
Imports
$1.075 trillion FOB (2007
est.)
Import goods
machinery, vehicles,
chemicals, foodstuffs,
textiles, metals
Main import
partners
Netherlands 12%, France
8.6%, Belgium 7.8%, China
6.2%, Italy 5.8%, UK 5.6%,
the United States 4.5%,
Austria 4.4% (2007)
Public finances
Public Debt
$1.93 trillion (66.8% of
$2.89 trillion, nominal GDP)
(2006)
Revenues
$1.277 trillion (2006)
Expenses
$1.344 trillion; including
capital expenditures of $NA
(2006 est.)
Economic aid
donor: $7.5 billion, 0.28% of
GDP (2004) [4]
Main data source: CIA World Fact Book
All values, unless otherwise stated, are in US
dollars
Germany has the world’s fourth largest eco-
nomy in USD exchange-rate terms,[1] and the
largest economy in Europe.
The German economy is heavily export-
oriented; as of 2008, Germany is the world’s
leading exporter of merchandise, and exports
account for more than one-third of national
output.[2] As a result, exports traditionally
have been a key element in German macroe-
conomic expansion. Germany is a strong ad-
vocate of closer European economic and
politi