Separate Conductors for AC and DC Supply

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IJTSRD
Education
Volume 4 Issue 5
International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) 
Volume 5 Issue 6, September-October 2021 Available Online: www.ijtsrd.com e-ISSN: 2456 – 6470 
 
@ IJTSRD   |   Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD47567   |   Volume – 5   |   Issue – 6   |   Sep-Oct 2021 
Page 1024 
Separate Conductors for AC and DC Supply 
Darnesh 
Teacher, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India 
 
ABSTRACT 
AC and DC supplies are ruling in this present electricity world. 
Involvement of both AC and DC supply can be seen from small 
circuits to big giant machineries. But is there conductor separation 
needed for both distinguish supply forms? Are we wasting time, 
money and materials by using same conductors for both dissimilar 
supplies ? In my opinion, it is the right time to take decision to 
separate conductors for both rulers. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
How to cite this paper: Darnesh 
"Separate Conductors for AC and DC 
Supply" Published 
in 
International 
Journal of Trend in 
Scientific Research 
and Development 
(ijtsrd), 
ISSN: 
2456-6470, 
Volume-5 | Issue-6, 
October 2021, pp.1024-1025, URL: 
www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47567.pdf 
 
Copyright © 2021 by author (s) and 
International Journal of Trend in 
Scientific Research and Development 
Journal. This is an 
Open Access article 
distributed under the 
terms of 
the Creative Commons 
Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) 
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0) 
 
Let’ s understand by following reasons and 
techniques. 
Affecting factor number 1: Temperature 
Temperature is important factor while we designing a 
conductor. 
Temperature is that it is related to the energy of the 
particles in the sample: the faster the particles are 
moving, the higher the temperature. That is, the 
average kinetic energy of a gas is directly related to 
the temperature. 
Temperature and the Kinetic Theory, in mathematics 
using the kinetic energy formula, KE = mv2 / 2, 
where KE is the kinetic energy, m is the mass, and v 
is velocity. 
 Energy of particles is directly proportional to kinetic 
energy and that 
is directly proportional 
to 
temperature. In AC supply have more kinetic energy 
than DC supply. So more temperature can leads to 
shorter life cycle, higher stress of conductor and 
higher resistance. 
Affecting factor number 2: Flickering motion 
In an AC supply waveform continuously rises and 
decreases in one complete cycle. So as temperature 
have similar effect for a while. As the expected 
designed temperature set point has been reached after 
while, still final set point values varied and fluctuate 
continuously with some decimal or more than it. 
The flickering motion temperature is commonly use 
in thermodynamics, to simplify certain equations. It 
has units of temperature and is defined as 
 
Where 
 is Boltzmann's constant, and 
 
(Greek letter nu) is the characteristic frequency of the 
oscillator. 
 
The more flickering motion in AC supply the more 
temperature rise occurs in AC than DC supply. 
 
 
IJTSRD47567 
International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470 
@ IJTSRD   |   Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD47567   |   Volume – 5   |   Issue – 6   |   Sep-Oct 2021 
Page 1025 
Affecting factor number 3: Stress 
In AC supply, Atoms of a conductors gained and 
loose kinetic energy within small amount of time. 
This continuous flickering effect could cause higher 
work rate consumption for the atoms than DC supply 
and cause shorter life cycle of a conductor for AC 
supply than DC supply. 
This could also leads to stress among conductor 
material and reason for shorter life cycle. 
The mean stress σm and stress amplitude σa are 
defined as 
σm = ½(σmax + σmin) 
σa = ½(σmax - σmin) 
When the mean stress σm equals zero we have 
completely reversed stress. The stress variation ∆σa is 
referred to as the range of stress. 
For sinusoidal loading, the stress-time relation is 
given simply as 
σ = σm + σasin(2π/T)t 
where T denotes the period of the stress cycle. The 
stress-time variation need not necessarily be 
sinusoidal for fatigue failure, though in many 
practical cases it is. 
This shows there is more stress on AC waveform 
conductors than linear DC waveform conductors. 
Affecting factor number 4: Magnitude 
Generally, DC supply in electricity world has lower 
magnitude than compared with AC supply. Lower 
magnitude of power requires lesser material for flow 
of electrons.  
DC supply international standards are in standard 
forms of 5V/12V/24V/110V DC voltages.  
Need not to use conductors made for AC supply 
while using these DC standards supply. 
Affecting factor number 5: Speed of electrons 
Speed of electron rate is faster in DC supply than AC 
supply so we can use more cheap resistive material as 
a conductor while considering DC supply than AC 
supply conductor.  
Velocity = Distance / Time, 
Time = 1 / Frequency, 
And  
DC supply have lower frequency than AC supply, so 
lower time rate cause higher velocity than AC supply. 
Conclusion: 
While Designing of DC supply separate conductor 
(separated than AC conductor) requirement of 
material could be reduced up to 40 % or less (0%<DC 
conductor material>40% material 
of 
AC 
conductor)material than AC conductor (due to lower 
stress, lower flickering motion, lower magnitude, 
lower temperature than AC waveform).  
Another different factor must be consider while 
making separate DC conductor that could save 
precious metals like aluminium and copper. ( Due to 
higher speed of DC waveform, more or less 
resistive or cheap materials other than copper and 
aluminium could be mixed with the DC conductor 
in ratio such that speed limit of AC waveform or 
desirable current speed limits could be achieved 
without affecting power rate of conductor) . 
Where the area(size), weight, tempearature of new 
designed conductor could be as similar as old 
conductor. 
Variable cyclic waveform produce stress that could 
cause crack and can lead to failure of conductor and 
effects on load carrying capacity in material of AC 
conductor than DC conductor due to waveforms. So 
Separated DC conductors performs longer life 
cycle than AC conductors.  
Separated AC and DC conductors are the best 
suitable option to save materials, cost and life of 
future electricity.  
References: 
[1] www.google.com 
[2] www.yahoo.com 
[3] www.wikipedia.com