Condoleezza Rice
Condoleezza Rice
66th United States Secretary of State
In office
January 26, 2005 – January 20, 2009
President
George W. Bush
Deputy
Richard Armitage (2005)
Robert Zoellick (2005–2006)
John Negroponte (2007–2009)
Preceded by
Colin Powell
Succeeded by Hillary Rodham Clinton
20th United States National Security
Advisor
In office
January 20, 2001 – January 26, 2005
President
George W. Bush
Deputy
Stephen Hadley
Preceded by
Sandy Berger
Succeeded by Stephen Hadley
Provost of Stanford University
In office
1993 – 1999
Preceded by
Gerald J. Lieberman
Succeeded by
John L. Hennessy
Born
November 14, 1954
(1954-11-14)
Birmingham, Alabama
Political party Republican
Alma mater
University of Denver
University of Notre Dame
Profession
Professor, Provost, Diplomat,
Politician
Religion
Presbyterian
Condoleezza Rice
(born November 14,
1954) is a professor, diplomat, author, and
national security expert. She served as the
66th United States Secretary of State, and
the second in the administration of President
George W. Bush to hold the office. Rice was
the first black woman, second African Amer-
ican (after her predecessor Colin Powell, who
served from 2001 to 2005), and the second
woman
(after Madeleine Albright, who
served from 1997 to 2001 in the Clinton Ad-
ministration) to serve as Secretary of State.
Rice was President Bush’s National Security
Advisor during his first term. Before joining
the Bush administration, she was a professor
of political science at Stanford University
where she served as Provost from 1993 to
1999. During the administration of George
H.W. Bush, Rice served as the Soviet and
East European Affairs Advisor during the dis-
solution of the Soviet Union and German
reunification.
When beginning as Secretary of State,
Rice pioneered a policy of Transformational
Diplomacy, with a focus on democracy in the
greater Middle East. Her emphasis on sup-
porting democratically elected governments
faced challenges as Hamas captured a popu-
lar majority in Palestinian elections yet sup-
ported Islamist