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Chapter 18 Industry Immigrants
and Cities.
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Chapter 18
Industry, Immigrants &
Cities 1870 - 1900
Vernon Maddux 16
Cincinnati, 1848. “Cassilly’s Row”
business district. The brand new riverboat
packet-side wheelers are Embassy (sank
1849) and Car of Commerce (sank 1848).
Cincinnati, 1848. “Cassilly’s Row”
business district. The brand new riverboat
packet-side wheelers are Embassy (sank
1849) and Car of Commerce (sank 1848).
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Chapter 18 Industry Immigrants
and Cities.
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American Corporate System
Pools versus Cartels
Maturation of joint stock
companies into giant “Trusts.”
Horizontal-Vertical integration
Horizontal – same type factories –
-intended to reduce competition.
Vertical – all elements required to
produce the finished goods, from
raw material to retail stores –
-no middlemen.
1880. NY Stock Exchange
trades worldwide.
1884. Charles Dow introduces
Dow Average of 11 stocks (rr).
The New York Stock
Exchange established in
1792 on Wall Street
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Chapter 18 Industry Immigrants
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Effect of Industrial Revolution on Labor
Jobs more plentiful, but different.
Less skilled labor required.
Farm labor shrinks rapidly.
Between 1860-1910 US Railroad
labor increased from 80,000 to
nearly a million: mostly Irish,
Italian, Chinese laborers.
Women and Child Labor
Extensive in Urbana
Girls -silk mills.
Boys -coal mines.
Women and Girls at Work: a
New York City silk factory
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Chapter 18 Industry Immigrants
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Change in Work becomes routine.
1870-1910. The US
completely changes its basic
social, industrial and urban-
rural makeup.
Industry corporations bring in
more foreign workers from
different European countries
than before.
Big Labor organizes more
intensely than ever before.
Agriculture loses 20% of its
workforce as new machines
make rural life more efficient.
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Chapter 18 Industry Immigrants
and Cities.
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Post Civil War
Immigration
The Civil War halted nearly
all immigration from
Europe.