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International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) Volume 5 Issue 6, September-October 2021 Available Online: www.ijtsrd.com e-ISSN: 2456 – 6470 @ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD46466 | Volume – 5 | Issue – 6 | Sep-Oct 2021 Page 599 Rural Pedagogy - A Roadway towards a Bright Future with Economic Development and an End to Social Stigma and Poverty in Bharat Dr. Sumanta Bhattacharya 1 , Dr. Heera Lal 2 , Bhavneet Kaur Sachdev 3 1Research Scholar at MAKAUT, Kolkata, West Bengal, India 2IAS, Additional Mission Director at National Health Mission, Uttar Pradesh, India 3Political Science Hons, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India ABSTRACT Rural pedagogy can help to resolve a number of problems of India which compose a colossal populace. India is underdeveloped country but the economy of India is developing, Well coming to rural education, we have seen an increment in the literacy rate in India and in particular there has been development in the rural education system, the government has new schemes for imparting education, infrastructure development. In reality the education imparted is poor as a student of 5th standard is unable to read a complete sentence and solve a basic maths question, what is the level of education, till now many villages don’t have a school, they send their children to the neighbour, followed by teaching methodology in rural India is very primitive and traditional which require upgradation with changing time and modernization taking place, the rural education can help to bring in new development along with technology provisions in the region and will also eliminate the rural and urban gap. KEYWORDS: Rural Pedagogy, populace, schemes, rural development, teaching methodology, primitive, modernization How to cite this paper: Dr. Sumanta Bhattacharya | Dr. Heera Lal | Bhavneet Kaur Sachdev "Rural Pedagogy - A Roadway towards a Bright Future with Economic Development and an End to Social Stigma and Poverty in Bharat" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6, October 2021, pp.599-603, URL: www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd46466.pdf Copyright © 2021 by author (s) and International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Journal. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0) INTRODUCTION India’s colossal community live in the rural village (Countryside). Rural development is marked by education, economic and social growth of the region. Education plays a remarkable role strengthening and uniting people towards a common goal to achieve something noteworthy for the overall development. India can be called a developing country at an International level but internally it is still undeveloped when you look from the side of poverty, lack of infrastructure both in the urban undeveloped region and countryside. Even since our Independence India has been trying to develop itself, if we look at countries like Japan, South Korea, Indonesia which received Independence at the same time like India, but they are much more developed than us when it comes to education, economic, infrastructure and in technology Japan is ruling the world, where as India has still remained undeveloped. India is even depended on other countries in the form FDI, import to provide employment and other basic facilities to its people. Japan has been investing in most of India’s infrastructure development and transportation this shows the country is developing but majority of the benefits has reached out to the urban people. Though India is one nation but there is humongous gap between the urban and rural and we need to end this urban and rural gap in the country. There are policies made for the betterment of people, but they don’t know to make use of it, the local please and understanding the positive and negative side of policy, this is basically due to the lack of education among the people. The education starts at home and the primary source of education is the family, followed by which we have peer groups and are IJTSRD46466 International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470 @ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD46466 | Volume – 5 | Issue – 6 | Sep-Oct 2021 Page 600 environment through which we get information and respond to the knowledge by using that in our daily and finally we have the institution which trains us for our rest of the life Education is not just about imparting information but utilizing it in our daily life, this is the identification of knowledge from a sociology perspective. Education can help people to understand the rules, regulation, laws and policies made by the government providing them thinking and understand capability through education. Today most of the rural villages have schools and many of the students go and attend classes, the villages schools are funded and governed by the government where as the private schools are found in the urban areas. Right to education has become a fundamental right in India. It provides free of cost and mandatory education to all children from the age 6 to 14 years, which has ameliorate child labour from many parts of the country followed by child marriage. Education at an elementary level in the rural region is motivating children to continue with higher education. The literacy rate has escalated over the years in India. Research Methodology For the purpose of this exploration, I have used a amalgamation of two of the archetypical social sciences research tools application –as they are authentic and brilliant method to assemble statistics from multiple appellant in an methodical and convenient way. Question were asked to the common youth, public policy Analyst, urban people, farmers, rural women, rural children survey, interviews – consisting of several interrogation which were dispersed among representative of each contender group. Objective of the Research Paper The main areas of exploration in this paper incorporates 1. Rural education in India. 2. How rural education has developed over the years in India. 3. What are the loopholes in rural pedagogy and how can we overcome them. Literature Review The free elementary education has motivated many parents to send their children to the schools, both girl and boys are being imparted with education plus the government has provided so many scholarship facilitates for further education along with overseas scholarship in particular for the Scheduled caste and Scheduled tribes. Sava Shiksha Abhiyaan which has been an initiated by the government in 2001 to achieve circulation of Elementary education in India. It works in collaborating with the state government to look after the needs of 192 million children, The programme motive is to open new schools in region where there is no school or lack of school in villages and also provide infrastructure facilitates like more class rooms, toilets, grant to the school and access to safe drinking water. It also reconstruct the existing schools and also strengthen the teachers capability, along with study material and that academic assistance. Mahila Samakya, it was part of the New Education Policy of 1989 which aim to educate women and promote equality in the education system, the programme was initiated started in 10 districts of Uttar Pradesh, Gujarat and Andhra Pradesh and later it was extended to Andhra Pradesh and Kerala with the objective to empower women and marginalized women. We also have Samagra Shiksha which focus on enhancing the quality of education by providing training to the teachers, infrastructure for sports activities and library by providing grants, trying to bring in digitalisation in the rural education system. Assist for Rashtriya Aviskhar Abhiyan, leadership development programme. So we can see a development taking place for imparting more and more education at the rural level, we have also seen a rise in the number of students being admitted to schools. The Ministry of Human Development Resource is running Jahawar Navodaya Vodyalaya scheme in several states to provide rural students with quality and free education from class 6 to 12 in a residential system. Teacher Education has launched as part of Samagra Shiksha as an Integrated policy for school pedagogy from nursery to 12 standard. Revamped Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalaya scheme for providing at least one school for the girls in educationally backward block. The Mid day Meal scheme which is Operationalised in 11.35 Lakh schools have provided free food to all the students by which 9.12 crore children have been helped. We also have the Swachh Vidyalaya Initiative for the construction of individual toilets for boys and girls in every school. The government also introduced e- Pathshala, Diksha, MOOCs, SWAYAM platform along with National Digital Library of India in order to being in Digital Education to the rural India also which is also part of Prime Minister Modi’s scheme. The New Education Policy of India will bring in more and more children and by this rural education will reach a new realm of success. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470 @ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD46466 | Volume – 5 | Issue – 6 | Sep-Oct 2021 Page 601 Findings India has the second largest education system in the world. The rural system practices primitive way of teaching where as the urban sector has moved towards digital education. There are four basic of schools in India: Government school, Private schools, Private school unaided by the government, It is estimated that 87% of the schools in India are in the rural India and all are funded by the government. Rural education is improving with them. However the education imparted is not up to the mark at the elementary level, till now 13,500 villages don’t have a school, while in 10 states we have schools in the village are which amounts to 15 %. 6.57% of the villages have secondary level education and rest are limited to primary school. The worst states where the schools provisions in the village area are limited or have no schools includes Uttar Pradesh, Jharkhand, Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh, Goa, West Bengal, Uttarakhand and Himachal Pradesh. On the other hand Kerala, Gujarat and Mizoram have only 2 % villages where a school doesn’t exist. Kerala has reported 80 % of its village having a primary school and 11 % having secondary school. Odisha, Nagaland and Jharkhand has the wort secondary education system, which means that over all 14% of the villages don’t have access to school or might have in the neighbour. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470 @ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD46466 | Volume – 5 | Issue – 6 | Sep-Oct 2021 Page 602 As per 2019, 37.3% of the children have been enrolled in school in Anganwadi and private pre schools. According to a survey by Annual Status of Education Report that above 50 % of the students who are studying in class 5 in rural schools are unable to read a standard textbook or solve simple maths questions, followed by which there are lack of teachers in the rural area, dirty infrastructure and unhealthy environment makes the learning capability less among the students, you don’t have access to clean drinking water or proper toilets in the school. As many of the villages don’t have a school they have to send their children to the neighbourhood to study, where as local transportation emerges as a hurdle as lack of transport facilitates in the rural area, prohibit many families to send their children long distance to study. Insufficient money to send their children to school, as most of the people living in the rural areas are farmers and they earn the least compared to other sectors even the non agricultural sectors don’t earn much in the villages that they cant afford the cost to send their children to school. The teaching methodology adopted in the rural area is very old and poor when it comes to todays growing modernised world, inadequate infrastructure further adds to the problem, in fact in the tribal region also, we don’t have much school provisions followed by lack of teachers. There is one teacher for so many students in the rural area which makes it difficult for the teacher to concentrate on one student. There are many individuals who have taken the initiative to teach the student in the villages without a school, in open grounds to impart knowledge, which we can see in Koriya ( Chhattisgarh ) as they don’t have access to online classes during this COVID -19 period. The new education policy has brought in new measures to bring more and more students into the school will make India have an optimal level of educated people. However bring in Digital education in rural area is a dream in itself, people in rural area have no access to electricity, bringing in digital education calls for electricity inputs along with internet connectivity in the region. The funding by the central government for the development of schools in the rural India sometimes don’t reach at the extract location there is corruption which takes place in the way, the money is sometime taking away by the intermediary. We can say that definitely there has been improvement in imparting education to the rural community to some extent with government schemes, However we need to do more to educated every citizen of India. Way Forward Rural community development is important which can be brought by imparting better education among the children. We need to make education free for all children in rural India where economic doesn’t act as a hurdle in education. We need to bring in better infrastructure facilities, class room and Green board in every school the teacher student ratio should be balanced. The method of teaching and imparting knowledge in the rural school should be changed and new ideas should be developed the focus should be more on reading, we have seen that students in 5th standard can’t read a sentence properly. The teacher should work on the reading skill and communication development of the students along with writing skills, Every student much act as a guide for each other. Promoting of adult education in the rural area should be introduced. Where they no access to school, student can be taught in an open area till the construction of one. Making education free will motivate all parent to send their children to school with any social restriction or gender based discrimination, Opening special schools for girls education in every villages. The village which have received electricity can start with digital learning, to education people where due to certain reasons schools cant be opened so fast. Due to COVID -19 many rural villages have tried to arrange some kind of online channel to keep the children in touch with their classes. NGOs, Civil Society along with the government can work together to establish more and more schools so that by 2050 every village has access to a primary and secondary school in India and we can become an educated country with 100 % literacy. Conclusion With rapid modernization taking place we have seen a rise in migration from rural to urban area for better education and economic opportunity. Today India rural development has doubled from what it was 10 years back, today we have more school and the literacy rate has also intensified with more people being educated. The rural schools provide access to primary and secondary education. However many villages are still left to have a school constructed in their villages, lack of infrastructure is one of the major problem in imparting good education, the education system is very poor in the rural India which requires changes. We hope that the new education policy will help and improve the education system of rural India. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470 @ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD46466 | Volume – 5 | Issue – 6 | Sep-Oct 2021 Page 603 Reference [1] Ruhi Tewarei, 2018, December, More than 14 percent villages in India don’t have any school, how govt data, The Print. [2] Farheen Sajjid, 2019, February, the role of education in rural communities, Rural Development Institute. [3] Ritu Chandra, 2014, March, Role of Education in Rural Development. Research Gate. [4] Avantika Pandey, 2020, July, Growth of Education: Rural India, SCICOMM India. [5] Simona Biriescu, Carmen Babaita, 2013, Rural Education, an important factor of regional development in the context of local government strategies.
