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ALL YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT
ESOPHAGEAL CANCER
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TREATMENTS & DISEASES ESOPHAGEAL CANCER
4. What signs and symptoms does a person with Esophageal Cancer present with?
The hallmark symptom is difficulty in swallowing solid food - dysphagia.
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5. What tests are required for diagnosis?
An Upper Gastrointestinal endoscopy looks at the exact location of the cancer and enables a biopsy to confirm the diagnosis and also allows the
passage to be dilated [opened up], to allow feeding.
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6. What are the treatment options for Esophageal Cancer?
The type of treatment depends on the stage of the cancer. If the cancer is at a very early stage, without spread through the wall and without nodes,
surgery is the best option.
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7. What types of operations are performed for Esophageal Cancer?
surgery to remove the esophagus and the involved lymph glands is termed radical esophagectomy.
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1. What is the Esophagus?
The Esophagus or food pipe is the muscular tube that connects the throat with the stomach. It serves as a passage to deliver food and liquids into the
stomach. It starts in the neck, passes through the chest and has a short portion in the abdomen, before joining the stomach. It is approximately 25cms in
length.
2. What are the types of Esophageal Cancer?
The two types of cancers, which commonly affect the esophagus are squamous cell carcinoma, which usually affects the mid-portion or upper portion of
the food pipe, and adenocarcinoma, which affects the lower part of the esophagus.
3. What are the causative agents/risk factors for Esophageal Cancer?
The known agents which predispose to this cancer are tobacco use in any form, including chewed and smoked, alcohol consumption, drinking very hot
liquids [like tea] regularly, certain hereditary conditions [Tylosis] and Gastroesophageal reflux disease [GERD] which presents as indigestion and
heartburn.
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