Signs of Hearing
Loss in Children
Signs of hearing loss in children.
Fact Sheet
Three distinct types
of hearing loss:
1. Conductive hearing loss: hearing loss resulting
from some mechanical problem in the outer or middle
ear that prevents sounds from being conducted into
the inner ear. Conductive hearing loss decreases the
loudness of sounds, but generally does not cause
distortion or negatively affect the clarity of sound.
Many conductive hearing losses can be corrected
medically. If left untreated, however, conductive hearing
loss may lead to a more permanent hearing loss.
2. Sensorineural hearing loss: hearing loss resulting
from damage to the inner ear and/or the hearing
pathway to the brain. Not only does sensorineural
hearing loss decrease the loudness of sounds, it can
also create a loss of clarity which effects speech
understanding. Sensorineural hearing loss is typically
permanent and cannot be corrected medically. Most
people with sensorineural hearing loss are excellent
candidates for hearing instruments.
3. Mixed hearing loss: combination of both
conductive and sensorineural components.
Causes of hearing loss
There are many causes of childhood hearing loss.
The primary factors are high-risk pregnancies, various
infectious diseases, taking certain medications,
alcohol or drug abuse during pregnancy. And, although
less common, hereditary irregularities and infant
meningitis are also possible causes.
Risk factors which can play a role before, during or
shortly after birth:
• Weight at birth below 1500g (3.3 lbs) and/or birth
before the 32nd week of pregnancy
• Lack of oxygen or respiratory standstill
• Administration of ototoxic medicines (loop diuretics,
aminoglycosides)
• Mechanical birth injuries
In approximately 50% of all children with hearing loss,
the hearing loss occurs after birth. Examples are:
• Babies and children afflicted with bacterial
meningitis or encephalitis
• After severe cases of measles or mumps
• After accidents or physical trauma
• Following chemotherapy
• After chronic ear in