Interesting documents from around the internet.
About Jack Berlin
http://www.accusoft.com
-
http://www.prizmshare.com
racing
race
car
world
league
driver
Interesting documents from around the internet.
About Jack Berlin
http://www.accusoft.com
-
http://www.prizmshare.com
racing
race
car
world
league
driver
WORLD RACING LEAGUE 2015 RULES & PROCEEDURES Version 201501.02 Sponsored by: World Racing League Rules and Procedures Ver: 201501.02 ©2014, 2015 World Racing League LLC Page 2 of 16 Contents Introduction 3 A. Enter a Race 4 B. Prepare Your Team to Race 4 C. Prepare Your Car to Race 5 D. Show Up at the Race 6 E. Race! 7 APPENDIX A - Roll Cage Design and Construction Specifications 10 APPENDIX B - Vehicle Performance Preparation and Classification 12 APPENDIX C - Racing Violations and Penalties 14 APPENDIX D - The Legalities 15 APPENDIX E - Standard Road Racing Flags 16 Revision History Version Date Revised Section(s) 201501.01 8/22/2014 Revised for 2015 (effective Jan 01, 2015) 201501.02 11/01/2014 Revised B.5.a (Novices), C.1 (Car Eligibility), Appendix B Section 4 (Drivetrains), and E.2.c and Appendix C (Contact) Changes from previous revision are in red text World Racing League Rules and Procedures Ver: 201501.02 ©2014, 2015 World Racing League LLC Page 3 of 16 INTRODUCTION Welcome to the World Racing League! WRL is a grassroots road racing club created on the premise that road racing should be simple, fun and affordable while remaining safe and professional. WRL is a non-contact series open to cars and drivers running in other clubs and organizations, and does accept novice drivers into a simple but structured licensing program. WRL is inclusive, if you want to race, you are welcome here! Please read the entire rulebook. It's short and sweet with a bit of levity thrown in so you don’t fall asleep. Our rules were created to be general in nature for simplicity, but still provide enough detail to give you a concrete idea of what is expected to enter, prepare for, and safely participate in a World Racing League event. If after reading this rulebook you find that you still have questions, feel free to contact us at 800-377-0944. Here’s the obligatory warning: You are about to engage in auto racing. Contrary to popular belief, piloting a race car at breakneck speeds is physically, mentally and emotionally demanding. Possible side effects of driving a car in a road race include but are not limited to: Elevated heart and respiratory rate, elevated blood pressure, overheating/heat stroke, dehydration, over-exertion, exhaustion, and can otherwise aggravate or complicate existing or underlying medical conditions. If you just broke out into a cold sweat, relax. It’s still relatively safe! But only you and your doctor can assess your physical fitness for road racing ('cause we don't want to see you naked in our office - even if we had one). If you know you have, or have any reason to suspect that you may have any health-related issue that could be triggered or aggravated by this activity, see your physician before getting in a race car! Disclaimer: Despite the extraordinary advances in safety technology and all industry-standard safety precautions, auto racing carries an inherent risk of property damage, personal injury and even death. Observance of, and strict adherence to safety requirements, instructions, rules and precautions can reduce, but not eliminate, these risks. All participants acknowledge that they are participating at their own risk, and hold harmless World Racing League Racing LLC, its owners, officers, officials, associates, sponsors and assigns. You and only you are responsible for adhering to the safety regulations set forth in these rules. World Racing League is not responsible for medical expenses, repair bills, damages or any other loss you may incur during a World Racing League event. However, you can be held financially liable for damages you cause to track property or World Racing League property. Yes, even if it's accidental. Anyone refusing to sign the insurance waiver will be denied admittance to World Racing League events. And finally, a friendly bit of advice - No one here likes a "rules lawyer". We appreciate your input, but ultimately our interpretation of the rules is the only one that matters. So now that we've dispensed those little nuggets of wisdom, let's look at just how easy is it to race with this stupendously awesome outfit. Just follow our simple 5-step process: Enter a Race Prepare Your Team to Race Prepare Your Car to Race Show up at the Race Race! World Racing League Rules and Procedures Ver: 201501.02 ©2014, 2015 World Racing League LLC Page 4 of 16 A. ENTER A RACE It's easy. Check our website at RaceWRL.com for an event near you and click on “REGISTER HERE†for that event. All participants must be registered with current emergency contact information. 1 Race details: Event entry fees, deadlines, race length(s), minimum number of drivers and other info can be found in each event's Race Information sheet (see the schedule on the WRL website) 2 Entry: It is the team captain’s responsibility to ensure his or her team is entered and paid. Teams will only be issued driver and crew credentials for those listed in registration 3 Entry fees: One flat rate includes one vehicle, transponder (if required) and all team members (drivers, crew) a. Cancellation: Paid in full entries are eligible to receive a credit of 50% toward a future race if cancellation notice is received by WRL by the close of online registration. No credit is available on partial payments b. Late registration: Registrations and payments received after the online registration period closes are subject to a $150 late registration fee c. "Fast In" Registration: Early registration and payment in full by the close of the Fast In period earns you a discount on the listed event price. But wait, that's not all!  Fast In registrations are eligible to receive a 75% credit toward a future race if cancellation notice is received by World Racing League before the close of online registration  Fast In registrations may grant you other discounts or freebies per event  Unless otherwise stated, Fast In registration ends 30 days prior to the event 4 Refunds: World Racing League does not refund entry fees B. PREPARE YOUR TEAM TO RACE 1 Who can race: Licensed drivers at least 16 years old at the time of the event who are in good general health and who are not under the influence of alcohol, controlled substances or prescription medications that may impair judgment and/or coordination. Minors must submit a racing resume, have a signed parental consent and minor waiver form on file, and a parent or legal guarding must be present at the event 2 Driver safety gear: All drivers have to wear the following protective gear while on track, no exceptions: a. Helmet: Full-face with visor. No apparent structural damage. Rated Snell SA-2005 or SA/SAH-2010 only b. Suit: Fire retardant racing suit rated FIA, or SFI 3.2A/5 or higher. SFI 3.2A/1 suits may be worn with Nomex underwear top and bottom. Suit must be in serviceable condition - no holes, tears, mystery stains, etc. c. Nomex Balaclava: required if driver is Sasquatch, has facial hair or hair that extends more than 2" from helmet d. Gloves: Fire retardant, must be FIA or SFI rated with no rips or holes e. Shoes: FIA or SFI rated racing shoes with no rips or holes f. Socks: Nomex g. Neck protection: A foam collar is the minimum requirement. A head and neck device is highly recommended. Get a NecksGen or other commercially available device. Your life isn't worth $500? 3 Crew: Crew members must be 16 years old or older. Any Minor crew member must have a Minor Waiver signed by his/her parent or legal guardian. All crew members will wear the same type gear as drivers (as outlined in section 2 “Driver safety gear†above) if they are involved in fueling 4 Racing Experience: The following is accepted as sufficient credentials to race without completing the Novice Program: SCCA, NASA, BMWCCA, PCA, NARRA, Vintage, or other major organization competition (racing) license; DE instructor or DE advanced solo driver (see website for verification instructions); completion of other nationally recognized racing school (Roos, Bondurant, Barber, etc). FIA, IMSA or other major sanctioning body license. Crapcan license, with proof of races (MyLaps results) may be accepted by World Racing League officials. Sorry, Forza, iRacing and GT5 heroics don't count 5 Novice Drivers: Drivers with no wheel-to-wheel experience will not be allowed to race. Novice drivers must complete the World Racing League "Novice Program" before they are considered licensed by World Racing League. The Novice Program is designed to provide new racers with instructed track time and classroom sessions before they compete, and to monitor their first race to ensure they are qualified and safe. World Racing League Rules and Procedures Ver: 201501.02 ©2014, 2015 World Racing League LLC Page 5 of 16 a. To be admitted into the Novice Program, driver must possess a valid, State-issued driver’s license and:  Show proof of completion of a WRL-recognized HPDE program, or;  Complete a World Racing League HPDE program (where available), or;  Petition WRL officials for admission based on other motorsports experience b. For details on the Novice Program, including instructional material, age restrictions, specific requirements and forms, download the “Novice Guide in the “Rules†section of the website c. Note that some events may restrict the participation of novice drivers. It’s not personal, we still love you C. PREPARE YOUR CAR TO RACE 1 Car Eligibility: Mass-produced passenger cars or trucks sold in North America regardless of year model. WRL allows you to build a bona fide race car. Some modifications are “open†giving you leeway in applying them to your platform. Others, while still allowed, may affect which class your car falls into. See ‘APPENDIX B - Vehicle Performance Preparation and Classification’ for more info. Many cars racing in other organizations are eligible, including Performance Touring, Spec Miata, Production, Improved Touring, Street Stock, Spec Boxster, and various budget endurance racing series. Questions about your car? Call us! 2 Log Book: World Racing League will issue each car a log book. Once issued, it is your responsibility to have it at every race and produce it on demand. Don't leave home without it, we take your beer money if we have to re-do all your paperwork at the track 3 Safety Requirements: The following are the minimum safety requirements we expect (demand) to see on and in your car. Feel free to build your car to exceed these standards: a. Roll cage: A full roll cage is required, equivalent to those generally required by SCCA, NASA, LeMons, and others. Yes there are some exceptions. See APPENDIX A for WRL roll cage specifications. We get final say on whether your cage passes or not, get it right! b. Fire Suppression: At a minimum, each car will carry a fully charged 2.25lb fire extinguisher rated A:B:C, mounted in the cockpit in plain view using a metal mounting system with a quick-release. No plastic allowed. A properly installed fire suppression system of at least 2.3 liters capacity is recommended. Electrically operated fire systems must be wired directly to the battery. “Circle E†extinguisher decal must be displayed on the exterior of the car to indicate the general location/access to the fire bottle/trigger c. Master Kill Switch: Switch location is open as long as it can be deactivated by the driver while secured in the seat. Switch must isolate battery from all circuits and must interrupt the ignition circuit. Positive terminals of the battery and switch must be insulated. A “Master switch†decal with the universal “lightning bolt†and the word “OFF†must be displayed on the exterior as near to the switch as possible d. Battery: Must be properly secured. If mounted in the cockpit, any non-AGM battery must be enclosed in a battery box e. Harness: 5, 6, or 7 point racing harnesses with current FIA or SFI rating are required to be installed and used per manufacturer specifications (FIA certs are valid for 5 years, SFI for 2 years). Sub belts and laps belts must be attached to structural members or bolted through floor with 3" dia. (minimum) backing washers or plates. Shoulder straps must be properly secured to harness bar. Reputable manufacturers provide instructions, read and follow them f. Window Net: Must be installed so that driver's head or arm cannot extend outside the plane of the driver's window while seated. Net must be secured to the cage and must be easily removed at the top using a quick release system. Do not attach window net to door. Arm restraints are an acceptable alternative to nets when used properly, and are required for convertibles. Be safe. Stuff happens g. Seat: One-piece seat designed specifically for auto racing is required. Seat must be mounted at a minimum of four points at the base. If bolting through the floor, 3" dia. washers or backing plates are required. If the seat back will be more than 3" from the harness bar for any driver, a seat back brace must be installed to prevent rearward movement of the seat. Back brace can be adjustable but must not present a risk to the driver by its design or installation h. OEM Safety Systems: Ignition locks must be disabled. Airbags must be disabled and removed World Racing League Rules and Procedures Ver: 201501.02 ©2014, 2015 World Racing League LLC Page 6 of 16 i. Mirrors: At a minimum, one rear view mirror is required j. All safety equipment and safety systems must be properly installed and in serviceable condition. Anything deemed unsafe by officials may prevent you from racing. This is not a junkyard series – fix it 4 General Preparation: All cars may be "freshened" with OEM/equivalent belts, hoses, engine and drivetrain internals, bushings, bearings, etc. so that they are generally as safe and reliable as when new. You are encouraged to make your car look good too. If you can't be fast, be pretty… a. Chassis: Chassis/frame must be structurally sound. All body panels must be in place. Aftermarket panels and body kits are acceptable. Panels made of alternate materials must generally resemble the OE panel b. Glass: With the exception of mirrors and headlights, glass must be OEM (laminate or tempered). Glass may be removed, or replaced with polycarb or Lexan. Front windows will be removed, or fully down during race. Rear side, quarter and vent glass may remain in place. Rear window may be retained c. Exhaust system: Must be secure, leak-free and exit behind the main hoop of the roll cage. Some form of muffler(s) required. Noise restrictions in any event’s Race Information sheet must be met d. Brake and marker lights: Cars must have at least two functional red brake lights and at least one red, rear marker/rain light. It is recommended that the OEM brake/parking lights remain in place and functional e. Headlights: May be OEM, aftermarket or a combination. Mounting points will be no higher than the base of the windshield. Lights may not be rear-facing. There are no limitations on the type and number of lights, however, WRL officials may require teams to alter the aiming and/or quantity of lights if they present a safety hazard to other competitors f. Tow hooks: Cars must have front and rear tow hooks, tow points or tow straps. Cars without tow points may be pulled from any point available to Rescue crews without regard to damage to the car g. Fuel tanks, cells and lines: Factory fuel tanks are allowed. Fuel cells are allowed if properly installed and maintained. Surge tanks of ½ gallon or less are allowed. Overall fuel capacity must be within +15% of OEM capacity or face possible class change  Fuels cells must be designed for automotive use, consist of a deformable bladder or rotary-molded plastic vessel enclosed in metallic can and be manufactured by ATL, Fuel Safe or JAZ. Other manufacturers may be approved, contact us for more information  Cell must be properly protected, plumbed and vented. Since there is an infinite number of possibilities on location and installation, WRL officials will make the final determination on what is a proper and safe installation. If there is any doubt, ask questions before tech  Fuel, brake or oil lines passing through the passenger compartment must be rigid metal tubing or steel- braid armored, free of damage, kinks or leaks h. Firewalls: Firewall must be present between fuel cell/fuel tank and the driver, and between the engine and the driver. Any holes or gaps 1/4"dia. or larger must be closed or sealed i. Car Numbers: 8" or taller required on both doors. 4" high numbers (minimum) are required on the front and rear deck, bumpers or glass. All numbers, regardless of color and font, must be high contrast and very clearly legible for track workers . Non-compliant numbers will be corrected before going on-track. j. Decals: Class badge is required on rear bumper/rear fascia. Class badges will be provided by World Racing League. Series sponsor decals, if available, are required race-wear for your car k. Appearance, Themes, Additions: Cars must be relatively clean and free of severe body damage. Non-OEM parts added to the exterior of the car including aero must be completely secure, shatterproof, and will not present a safety hazard to you or other drivers or cars. Gross vulgarities are prohibited, keep it PG-13ish l. Tires: DOT rated with a UTQG (tread wear) rating of 180 or higher m. Coolant: No antifreeze allowed. Additives like MoCool and Water Wetter okay World Racing League Rules and Procedures Ver: 201501.02 ©2014, 2015 World Racing League LLC Page 7 of 16 D. SHOW UP AT THE RACE 1 Arrival: Check the Event Race Information sheet for specific information related to arrival time, parking, etc. 2 Vehicle Inspection: Cars must be inspected by World Racing League officials prior to racing. While most everything else is fun and games, this is where we get serious- a. All cars will be scrutinized for:  Weight – cars will be weighed by WRL without driver and CoolShirt water each time they are inspected  Adherence to safety requirements  Proper cage design and construction  General safety issues including leaks, loose parts, etc.  General preparation requirements, including modifications b. The team captain or a representative will bring the car to the inspection location identified in the Race Information sheet prior to the car's first race and annually thereafter c. Each car will undergo two types of inspection:  Safety Inspection will be on an annual basis and will be recorded in the car’s log book. A World Racing League Annual Safety Inspection sticker will be issued to cars that pass. The sticker must be placed in plain view on the front hoop, main hoop or rear stay of the roll cage on the driver’s side so that it may be seen at Black Flag. Lost or missing stickers will incur a $25 fine unless you can produce the original  Preparation and classing inspection will be completed prior to a car’s first race with WRL, or as needed thereafter (see section d. below). Each team must present a World Racing League Log book filled out for the car to be inspected. Upon passing scrutiny, WRL officials will assign your car to the appropriate Class (See Appendix B). You must disclose all modifications that are not allowed in Appendix B. Undeclared modifications or attempts to hide modifications will make your car ineligible for a podium finish d. A car that has been modified, wrecked, rolled, upgraded, downgraded, or that has undergone major repair or a weight change since its last inspection must be re-inspected. This includes major repairs at a race e. Officials may suspend your car from racing at any time until any outstanding issues are resolved f. Altering or forging Inspection stickers or log books will result in a penalty as determined by World Racing League officials, up to and including indefinite suspension from the series g. All rulings of the officials are final 3 Check In: Unless otherwise specified in the Race Information sheet, only the Team Captain is required to report to the Check In desk to receive his/her team’s credentials and complete registration a. Team Captains will verify payment, car number, and transponder number at the Check In desk b. The Team Captain must also bring the car's log book to Check In. Cars without current log books will not be permitted to race c. All team members must be listed along with their emergency contact information d. Transponders will be available at the Check In desk for those in need. Securely mount the transponder as low to the ground as possible, with a clear, unobstructed view of the track below. You are responsible for loss of, or damages to, a rented transponder 4 Driver’s Safety Gear Inspection: All drivers must present their required safety gear for inspection annually. A valid Annual Equipment Inspection sticker must be worn on the left side of the driver's helmet in order to go on track. It is each driver's responsibility to wear the required safety gear while in the car. Non-compliant drivers will not be allowed on track 5 Social: After Inspection and Check In are closed for the day, participants are invited to join World Racing League staff for a social activity as announced in the event's Race Information sheet. Have a band? Own a beer distributorship? Like to smoke large chunks of meat? Contact us. It could reduce the cost of your racing! World Racing League Rules and Procedures Ver: 201501.02 ©2014, 2015 World Racing League LLC Page 8 of 16 E. RACE! 1 Race Formats: World Racing League runs one- or two-day endurance races lasting up to 24 hours as well as combined HPDE/enduro weekends. The specific format, fees and schedule for each race will be outlined in the Race Information sheet for each event. In any case, you'll get all the seat time you can handle! 2 Racing Rules: a. Contact: World Racing League is a non-contact racing club. To avoid contact, all drivers should maintain racing room at all times and in all situations. "Racing room" is defined as allowing all competitors room to maneuver their car on the racing surface, or more simply put, giving your competitor a lane to race in b. World Racing League defines contact in 3 categories-  Incidental Contact: Minor contact incidental to close-quarters racing that leaves no damage nor moves a car off its line. Example: an unintentional side-to-side bump while going two wide in a turn. No penalty unless repetitive. Repeated incidental contact will be treated as Avoidable Contact  Unavoidable Contact: Any contact that damages a car or moves a car off its line, but where one or more drivers could not reasonably be expected to avoid the contact. All parties involved will be Black Flagged  Avoidable Contact: Any intentional contact, repeated contact, contact resulting from reckless or careless driving, or any contact where a driver could have taken reasonable measures to prevent or avoid the contact incident. All parties involved will be Black Flagged c. Multiple or subsequent contacts by the same team, regardless of driver(s) involved or contact type, will increase the severity of the penalty assessed up to and including probation and/or removal from the series d. Passing: Safe and drama-free passing requires that everyone adhere to the following passing rules-  Making a pass: It is your responsibility to plan and execute a safe pass, maintain racing room at all times  Being passed: It is your responsibility to check your mirrors, hold a consistent line, be predictable, use hand signals and to maintain racing room at all times  Safe pass: A safe pass is defined as a pass where no contact takes place and no car involved in the pass spins or leaves the racing surface, because all parties maintained racing room at all times. If a car is next to you and you deprive him of racing room by causing contact or "squeezing" him off the track, you have violated safe passing etiquette and will be Black Flagged e. Unsafe and dastardly maneuvers: "Dive bombing" into corners, chopping, and blocking are unsafe maneuvers and may result in a penalty. Driving like an asshat is frowned upon in this establishment. f. Loss of control: A spin or four wheels off incident resulting from a lack of control or over driving the car/course will result in the driver being black flagged for a stop and go penalty on Pit Road. Multiple spins and/or four-offs by the same driver may require a driver change g. Reckless or dangerous behavior on course is a black flag offense. Penalty will be at the Steward's discretion, but will at a minimum require a driver change h. Driving Stints: Any maximum time per driving stint will be assigned in the Race Information sheet. However, each driver must have at least 1 hour behind the wheel. Race officials will observe drivers for signs of fatigue, deterioration of judgment etc. and will act accordingly i. Timing/scoring: You need an AMB 260X transponder if you want to be scored for the race. Whether you buy it or rent from WRL, you are responsible for the proper installation and operation of your car's transponder. We will notify you at the start of the race if your transponder is not being read. WRL is not responsible for improperly mounted transponders, or team-owned transponders that fail or malfunction. j. Violations and Penalties: For a list of all race violations and penalties, see APPENDIX C k. Race- or track-specific rules and regulations can be found in the event’s Race Information sheet 3 Fueling: Fueling will take place on Pit Road only during hot track. Driver may remain in the car. Any and all spills will be cleaned up immediately a. All crew on the "hot" side of the pit wall must wear helmets/visors, and fire retardant suits, gloves and shoes while the fuel port is open b. No more than four team members may be over the wall while the fuel port is open, including the "fireman". The fireman's sole function will be to man a 10lb ABC fire bottle while fuel is being transferred, World Racing League Rules and Procedures Ver: 201501.02 ©2014, 2015 World Racing League LLC Page 9 of 16 standing 7' - 10' from the fuel port on the hot side of the pit wall. The outgoing and incoming drivers during a driver’s change count as 1 team member c. The fuel port will not be opened until the engine is off d. No one may perform any work on the car while the fuel port is open. Driver change is allowed e. Only fuel jugs with a capacity of 5 US gallons or less may be used to fuel the car. Cross section of the hose/nozzle or funnel spout may not be larger than 1.0†inside diameter. Jug vents may be modified but must remain safe. Fuel jugs must be leak free at all times. No pressurized fueling systems allowed f. Any fuel delivery system found by officials to be unsafe will not be used g. A drip pan/catch pan must be used where fuel may spill onto the ground while fueling h. Cars arriving at Pit Out with driver not properly attired and strapped in will sit for a 5 minute penalty 4 Winning: Not that we need to explain this one, but the team that finishes the race in the lead, wins a. Cars must take the checkered flag to finish the race b. A car may cross the finish line while not under power but cannot be pushed or pulled across the finish line by the driver, other drivers, crew members, or spectators c. Podium cars will be impounded after each race and will expose themselves for inspection by World Racing League officials and competitors for a period determined by the race officials  Podium teams will go straight to Impound upon exiting the track. Failure to do so results in disqualification  Podium teams will display their log book during Impound. Failure to display the log book will result in disqualification  All impounded cars will be weighed without driver and weight verified against their log book  A competitor may protest a podium car if he/she finds any undisclosed modification or major rule violation. All protests will be made to the Chief Steward and held in confidentiality  Modifications that were not disclosed at pre-race Inspection will result in disqualification. Other rules violations will be penalized at the discretion of the officials  The outcome of any protest rests solely in the hands of the officials and is final once impound closes 5 Awards: a. Podium Awards:  The top three finishers in each Competition Class will receive Fame, Glory and a World Racing League team trophy. Individual trophies may be ordered after the event. Each podium team will also receive a race credit certificate (value depending on event) that may be applied toward a future race  Podium teams may receive other awards based on sponsorships, contingencies or event type/duration b. Other Awards will be given as warranted by your efforts and/or antics before and during the race, and may include race discounts, trophies, gift certificates, unclaimed children or anything we find on the “impulse buy†display at the local truck stop checkout counter. You must be present to win c. Contingency/sponsor awards will be given as outlined in the Race Information sheet World Racing League Rules and Procedures Ver: 201501.02 ©2014, 2015 World Racing League LLC Page 10 of 16 APPENDIX A - Roll Cage Design and Construction Specifications This section provides the generally accepted minimum roll cage design and construction requirements. Existing roll cages used in NASA, SCCA, and other national road racing sanctions, if properly built and inspected, should meet or exceed the standard below. If you are contemplating building a new cage yourself and do not have a proper tubing bender, welder and notch saw, don't know how to weld or don't understand why cardboard comes into play in the process, stop here. Take this Appendix and the car to a reputable fabricator and feel secure in knowing you just made a smart call... 1. General Criteria a. Professionally designed and built roll cages are highly recommended. This is not something the untrained or unskilled should attempt to do themselves. b. Professionally manufactured bolt-in cages are allowed provided they are installed using the manufacturer-provided or specified tools and hardware and meet the design criteria in Section 2 c. Welds must be professional quality, 360 degrees around every tube joint, with full penetration d. Minimum tubing size will be determined by the weigh of the car. All tubing will be seamless mild steel or DOM, ERW is not acceptable unless a waiver is granted for an existing cage  Under 2500 lbs - 1.50" x 0.095"  2501 and over - 1.50" x 0.120" or 1.75" x 0.095" e. Tubing will be Rotary Drawn or Mandrel Bent and properly notched with appropriate tools. Bends must have a radius no less than 3 times the outside diameter of the tubing and will not show any signs of crimping, stretching or other potential failure. f. Any cut made in a firewall to accommodate tubing must be re-sealed once the tubing is installed g. The use of gussets to strengthen connecting points is open h. Any portion of the finished roll cage that may be contacted by the driver's helmet, body or limbs must be padded with roll bar padding 2. Roll Cage Design a. Main Hoop must be a single, continuous length of tubing with no more than 4 bends, and should follow the b-pillars and roofline as closely as possible with a rake of no more than 5 degrees off vertical. The Main Hoop will be tall enough so that any driver's helmet does not extend above a line connecting the centerlines of the Front Hoop and Main Hoop  A diagonal brace will be added in the same plane as the Main Hoop, with one end connecting at lower right of the Main Hoop at the mounting plate or as closely as possible, and the other end connecting to the top left (horizontal) of the Main Hoop within 12" of the bend nearest the driver's head  The Main Hoop will be braced with two tubes extending rearward from the top corners (bends) of the Main Hoop, or within 6" thereof, running straight to the floor, cross member or strut/shock towers. Rear bracing will not have any bends and should be at a 30-60 degree angle to the plane of the Main Hoop b. Forward section of the main cage may be one of three configurations:  Side Hoops (aka "Forward Hoops"): Tubes extending forward from the top corners (bends) of the Main Hoop and down to the front floor, following the roof line and a- pillars as closely as possible, each with no more than 2 bends, and both connected by a tube running as close to the top of the windshield as possible. (SCCA Production cages that do not follow the original roof line may qualify, petition the officials before the race to gain approval), or;  Halo: A single tube bent into a "halo" that extends forward from either corner of the Main Hoop in a horizontal plane to the top of the windshield and follows the roof line as closely as possible. The front of the halo will be supported from the floor/sill by a