International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) Volume 5 Issue 6, September-October 2021 Available Online: www.ijtsrd.com e-ISSN: 2456 – 6470 @ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD47728 | Volume – 5 | Issue – 6 | Sep-Oct 2021 Page 1834 Analysis of a High Rise Structure Using E-Tabs Software Bhavya Upadhyay 1 , Dr. Rajeev Singh Parihar 2 , Abhay Kumar Jha 3 1Research Scholar, 2Professor, 3Associate Professor, 1,2,3Lakshmi Narain College of Technology, Bhopal Madhya Pradesh, India ABSTRACT Now-a-days, the architects often prohibit the widths of the columns so that more free space is available and for the good aesthetic look of the building without columns protruding out of the walls and corners. Advances in structural members and techniques to resist lateral forces are generally used now days to pretend more stable and safe structure. Solid structures with non-rectangular uncommonly formed flimsy segments discovered as an option in contrast to the above said issue and it is discovered that non-rectangular uniquely molded dainty segments performs well basically with all investigation results inside satisfactory cutoff points. In present work with the end goal to contrast fortified solid structure using traditional columns against structure designed with special shaped columns considering seismic loads on G+12 multi-story building having plan measurement 63.20 m x 29.50 m is displayed and dissected in ETABS (2018) adaptation coordinated building outline programming. Proportionate static investigation and dynamic reaction range examination are performed on the structure. KEYWORDS: Structural stability, analysis, software, columns, lateral forces How to cite this paper: Bhavya Upadhyay | Dr. Rajeev Singh Parihar | Abhay Kumar Jha "Analysis of a High Rise Structure Using E-Tabs Software" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456- 6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6, October 2021, pp.1834-1840, URL: www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47728.pdf Copyright © 2021 by author (s) and International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Journal. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0) I. INTRODUCTION: Concrete structures with non-rectangular specially shaped thin columns found out as an alternative to the above said problem and it is found out that non- rectangular specially shaped thin columns performs well structurally with all analysis results within acceptable limits. This kind of structure satisfies spatial requirements of corners as well as intersection of corners so that no visible edges or prominent column would appear in the buildings. This expands the actual usable floor area and more furniture can be placed into the buildings. For this reason, frame structure with specially shaped column is suitable blooms, especially for villa and multi-storey buildings. This paper explains the behaviour of buildings with Rectangular columns and buildings with specially shaped columns and values of various parameters like story drift, story displacement, story stiffness etc. on the basis of lateral loads. Structural design is a science and art of understanding the behavior of structural members subjected to loads and designing them with economy along with safety, serviceability and as a durable structure. The present dissertation work will be dealing with such a study of structural members made of RCC as it is widely used because of its adaptability. Column is basically a structural member assigned for carrying compressive loads. It carries axial loads from beams and transfers it to footing. The columns are distinguished in many ways and many types are observed. Based on the slenderness ratio columns are called as short or long columns. The short column fails by crushing and long column fails by buckling. Considering the loading pattern there are axially loaded column, axial column with uniaxial bending, axial column with biaxial bending. Columns behave differently under static and dynamic loading conditions. The dynamic load consideration is must for places where the seismic activity is high. Therefore when seismic loads are considered the combined approach of ductility and strength must be applied The wind loads, snow loads, creep, shrinkageand temperature effects are considered where they are necessary. Specially Shaped Columns In the RCC buildings, columns are structural elements which are predominantly subjected to axial compressive forces, moments, and transfers total load IJTSRD47728 International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470 @ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD47728 | Volume – 5 | Issue – 6 | Sep-Oct 2021 Page 1835 from the super structure to sub-structure. Various shapes of the columns are used. Some common shapes are square, rectangular, circular columns and some special shapes of columns are L-shaped, T- shaped and plus (+) shaped columns as shown in figure 1.1 which are not commonly used but gives more indoor space than commonly used shapes of columns. Special shaped columns avoid prominent corners in a room which increases usable floor area. Figure 1.1 Specially shaped (T, Plus, L) columns with Longitudinal and lateral reinforcement II. LITRATURE RIVEW Shivaranjitha and Kumar (2017) The research paper presented the comparative investigation of Y-shaped columns against customary (rectangular or square) sections,8 storey business structures were considered for investigation and comparative r investigation among standard and Y-shaped column where the plan and examination were led utilizing application ETABS 2015 rendition. Results indicated that by embracing Y-shaped columns about 20.53% of floor territory was expanded. Consequently, the Y-shaped column can be effectively received to expand the utility of the floor zone of private/business structure. The essential target of the examination depended on the decrease of a few columns without any decrease in strength of the structure and generate free space for the parking space. Results expressed that the number of segments was diminished by practically 40% prompting the end more sections free zone can be acquired by lessening the number of columns. It serves to the free development of vehicles in the parking garage. Results displayed that about 20.53% of the floor region was expanded utilizing Y- molded. The slanted help individuals from the Y-formed section was exposed to higher moment while moving the pivotal loads to the focal point of the vertical part of segments. The pillars encountered the resultant forces as hub loads at the intersection. The Y-molded sections can be utilized for the architectural purpose by giving a satisfying appearance to inclined support members, which expands the stylish appearance of the structure. As the quantity of column decreases, the economy in the development of footing for sections can be accomplished. Shet et al. (2018) The research paper introduced an examination of the interaction curve of the C-shaped equivalent legged RC segment utilizing an investigative technique designed using ETABS.The results concluded that most extreme load and moment conveying limit increments with expanding the evaluation of steel and grade of cement in C-molded RC concrete. For the manual analytical estimation, parabolic pressure square was considered however ETABS takes Whitney's proportionate pressure block for calculus, henceforth variations in results were found in loads and moment. The manual diagnostic computation for loads in steel was finished utilizing TABLE-A of SP 16 codebook, however ETABS gave strain in steel and modulus of flexibility. For manual diagnostic estimation, the estimation of K extended in the middle of 1.05 to 4, however, ETABS considered the estimation of K went in the middle of the 1.05 to 1.2. Paul and Vargheese (2019) The research paper dissected Crisscrossed moulded columns associated by the lacing bar, Single vertical steel plate with stiffeners, Double vertical steel plate, Effect of tallness, Effect of width and axial compressive conduct. The characteristics of the finite element investigation were utilized on the applied limit conditions and material properties utilizing ANSYS 16.2. Pechorskaya et.al (2021) There are numerous software applications available to analyze and design massive projects in short time. Most of the software have 2- dimensional and 3-dimen- sional tools, while various structural engineers employ the use of the 3D analysis and design tools in their day-to-day tasks because of its ease to operate and graphical user interface. These tools help in modeling, analyzing, and design of structures much more efficient. Despite the availability of numerous software products, there are confusions on the software to be used in the analysis and design of specific building structures. There is a need of studying the strength and weakness of some of these software tools to help structural engineers in the selection of the best application in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470 @ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD47728 | Volume – 5 | Issue – 6 | Sep-Oct 2021 Page 1836 their daily tasks. The aim of this study is to investigate the structural analysis of high-rise building with ETABS and RSA software and compare the influences of the structural analysis results from the two software in design. III. METHODOLOGY In present work with the end goal to contrast fortified solid structure using traditional columns against structure designed with special shaped columns considering seismic loads on G+12 multi-story building having plan measurement 63.20m x 29.50m is displayed and dissected in ETABS (2018) adaptation coordinated building outline programming. Proportionate static investigation and dynamic reaction range examination are performed on the structure. Following three models of structures are displayed: The explained 3D building model is analyzed using Equivalent Static Method. The building models are then analyzed by the software ETABS (2018). Different parameters such as deflection, shear force & bending moment were presented for the models. Seismic codes are unique to a particular region of country. In India, Indian standard criteria for earthquake resistant design of structures IS 1893 (PART-1): 2016 is the main code that provides outline for calculating seismic design force Building Geometry Table 3.1 Details and Dimension of the Building Models Type of structure Ordinary moment resisting RC frame Grade of concrete M 25 Grade of reinforcing steel Fe 415 Plan area 63.20m x 29.50m Number of stories G+12 Total Height of Building 43.2 m Floor height 3.6 m Rectangle Shaped Column 230mm x 600mm Plus Shape column 350mm x 750mm T Shape Square column 350mm x 600mm Beam size 500mm x 300mm Wall thickness 230mm Thickness of Slab 200 mm Density of concrete 25N/ mm3 Live Load on Floor and roof 3 kN /mm2 and 1.5 kN/ mm2 Plan irregularity T Shape and Plus Shape Seismic Zone II Soil Condition Medium Soil Floor Finish 1.0 kN/m2 Table 3.2Material properties of structure S. no Description Values 1 Material property Values 2 Grade of concrete M-25 3 Young’s modulus of concrete, Ec 2.17 x 10 4 N/mm2 4 Poisson ratio 0.17 5 Tensile Strength, Ultimate steel 505 MPa 6 Tensile Strength, Yield steel 215 MPa 7 Modulus of Elasticity steel 193 - 200 GPa Note: Specifications as per IS: 456; 10262; SP 23 – codes for designing concrete mixes International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470 @ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD47728 | Volume – 5 | Issue – 6 | Sep-Oct 2021 Page 1837 1. MODEL A. G+12 using rectangular columns. Figure 3.1 G+12 with Rectangular Column MODEL B. G+12 using T Shaped square columns. Figure 3.2 G+12 with T shaped Column MODEL C. G+12 using Plus Shaped columns Table 3.4 Seismic force parameters for proposed issue S. No. Parameter Value 1 Zone (II) 0.10 2 Damping ratio 0.05 3 Importance factor 1 4 Response Reduction Factor 5 5 Soil site factor Medium The accompanying three exercises must be performed to accomplish that objective.
Modelling of the diverse cases in ETABS (2018)
Calculation and Provisions according to Indian gauges can be connected.
Analysis of structure to analyze forces, dislodging and moment producing in a casing. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470 @ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD47728 | Volume – 5 | Issue – 6 | Sep-Oct 2021 Page 1838 For this research work following steps should be followed: Step-1 Firstly literature survey should be done to determine the past research and Need of study. Step-2 To prepare concrete and other materials in ETABS (2018) and assign them to structural members. Step-3 To prepare modelling of a symmetrical building frame (G+12) using ETABS (2018). Step-4 Defining and Assigning section Properties Step-5 To analyze the structure for dynamic loading. Step-6 To compare the results of the structure. ETABS (2018) software is exclusively made for modeling, analysis and design of buildings. Various facilities in the ETABS (2018) are listed below
ETABS (2018) provide object based modeling. it takes slab as area object, column, beam, brace as a line object and support, mass, loads as point objects.
ETABS (2018) has feature known as similar story. By which similar stories can be edited and modeled simultaneously. Due to which building is modeled very speedily
ETABS (2018) can perform various P-delta, Response Spectrum, Static Non-linear, Time history, Construction sequence and many more analysis with good graphics.
ETABS (2018) automates templates for typical structures like steel deck, waffle slab, flat stab, Ribbed Slab etc.
ETABS (2018) can do optimization of steel section.
ETABS (2018) has a facility to design composite beam. Also composite deck can be modeled in ETABS (2018).
ETABS (2018) has powerful facility of Section designer. By which different types of composite sections can be made easily. IV. RESULT & DISCUSSIONS The results were analyzed on the parameters on bending moment, Shear force, Storey displacement. Result analysis by using ETABS (2018) Max. Bending Moment kN-m International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470 @ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD47728 | Volume – 5 | Issue – 6 | Sep-Oct 2021 Page 1839 Table 5.1 Max. Bending moment in each storey Moment in kN-m Storeys Rectangular Column T Shape Plus Shape Storey12 826.76 734.17 566.81 Storey11 814.58 705.63 553.84 Storey10 789.44 677.09 540.87 Storey9 770.21 648.55 527.9 Storey8 719.3 620.01 514.93 Storey7 698.67 591.47 501.96 Storey6 675.2 562.93 488.99 Storey5 629.1 534.39 476.02 Storey4 559.89 505.85 463.05 Storey3 578.9 477.31 450.08 Storey2 524.99 468 437.11 Storey1 510.22 461.05 424.14 Graph 5.1: Max. Bending moment Conclusion Maximum Bending Moment In the chapter above, it is clearly observed that bending moment in structure using Rectangular column was 826.76 kN-m whereas structure using T shapes and Plus Shaped column showed less bending moment as 734.17 and 566.81 kN-m, thus Plus shaped case requires less reinforcement. Maximum Shear force: In above chapter it is observed that unbalance forces are maximum in rectangular case 941.85 kN whereas in Plus shaped case these are reduced to 840.43 kN which shows stability of the structure. Maximum storey displacement: It is observed that lateral stability is comparatively increased in structure with plus shaped column case comparing to structure using traditional rectangular column. In case of light weight structure displacement is minimised to 66.16 mm instead of 88.84 mm in bare frame. REFERENCES [1] Gumble, Aditya N. and Pajgade, Prakash S. “Comparison between specially shaped column and rectangular columns in R.C. structure”, International Journal of Advance Engineering and Research Development, Scientific Journal of Impact Factor (SJIF): 3.134, Volume 2, Issue 5, May -2015. [2] Beck, Andre T. and Dória, André S. “Reliability analysis of I-Section steel columns designed according to new brazilian building codes”, Vol.No. 2, April- June 2008. [3] Tao, Chen, and Huang, Zongming. (2004). “Flexibility based finite element method for inelastic seismic response analysis of reinforced concrete space frames”, Journal of Building Structures 25:2, 79-84. [4] Panchal, D.R., and Marathe P.M. (2011), “Comparative Study of RCC, steel and International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470 @ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD47728 | Volume – 5 | Issue – 6 | Sep-Oct 2021 Page 1840 composite (G+30 storey) building”, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, India. [5] Panchal, D.R., and Patodi, S.C. “steel-concrete composite building under seismic forces”, Vadodara, India. [6] Zongming Huang, and Tao, Chen, (2003). “Comparison between flexibility- based and stiffness-based nonlinear beam-column elements”, Engineering Mechanics 20:5, 24-31. [7] IS 456: 2000, “Code for practice of plain and reinforced concrete code of practice, Bureau of Indian Standards”, New Delhi. [8] Junjin, Liu, and Zhitao. Lu, (2002). “Study on Shaking Table Test of a 9-story RC Frame Model with Specially Shaped Columns and Transfer Story”, Journal of Building Structures 23:1, 21-26. [9] Li, Jie. Xiao, Jianzhuang and Chen, Jianbing. (2002) “Experimental study on RC structures with special-shaped columns”, Journal of Civil Engineering 35:3, 7-12 [10] Jingbo, LIU and Yangbing, LIU (2008), “ Seismic behaviour analysis of steel- concrete Composite frame structure systems”, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China,. [11] Paul V, Mary and Vargheese, Nisha, “Axial compressive behaviour of criss crossed shaped concrete columns fenced with steel”, International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research Volume 10, Issue 5, May-2019, ISSN 2229- 5518. [12] Subhan, M.D., “An investigational behaviour of RCC Core Steel Composite Column”, SSRG International Journal of Civil Engineering (SSRG - IJCE) – Volume 4 Issue 5 – May 2017. [13] Pu Yang, Hongxing Liu and Zongming Huang, “A comparison of seismic behavior between specially shaped column frame structure and rectangular column frame structures”, The 14 th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering October 12-17, 2008, Beijing, China.