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(c) 2005 Business Rules Team 1 “Semantics of Business Vocabulary & Business Rules” W3C Workshop on Rule Languages for Interoperability Washington, DC April 26-28, 2005 Donald Chapin for the Business Rules Team Donald.Chapin@BusinessSemantics.com (c) 2005 Business Rules Team 2 Rules Standards for Business & Information System Modeling Business Rules Team’s “Semantics of Business Vocabulary & Business Rules” Metamodels that built on: • Production Rules • OCL • RDBMS Triggers •... ÅÆ Two-Way MDA Transformations Business Customer IT Supplier Business Modeling Information System Modeling (c) 2005 Business Rules Team 3 An SBVR “Business Vocabulary+Rules” is Owned by the Business (and NOT IT): z ABOUT the Business z NOT the Information System or Recordkeeping System – manual or automated z FOR Business purposes – the capability to run the business z NOT directly for Information System building purposes z FROM a Business perspective – the perspective of Business stakeholders z NOT from an IT / Information System perspective z IN the actual language used by Business staff – to talk to each other z NO reference to any Information System construct – independent of any implicit or explicit information system consideration or design decision z BY the Business – created & maintained by Business staff z Contents NOT the responsibility of Information Systems staff – not owned by IT (c) 2005 Business Rules Team 4 SBVR: A Synthesis of Four Established Disciplines 1. VOCABULARY STANDARD: z ISO 1087-1 “Terminology work - Vocabulary – Part 1: Theory and Application” 2. BUSINESS PRACTICE: z BRG’s “Structuring Business Vocabularies for Business Rules” 3. FORMAL LOGICS: z Halpin’s “Object Role Modeling (ORM) for the Business” 4. LINGUISTICS & COMMUNICATION: z Unisys’ “Linguistic Expression of Business Rules Based on Exchangeable Vocabularies” (c) 2005 Business Rules Team 5 Overview of SBVR Sub-communities may use different natural languages and specialized vocabularies Community Concepts (including Fact Types) and Business Rules Body of Shared Meanings Expression of Body of Shared Meanings in Business Vocabulary Business Expression Abstract formulation of semantics Semantic Formulation First-Order Predicate Logic with some (limited) extensions Formal Logic uses shares structured as expressed as underpins underpins (c) 2005 Business Rules Team 6 Key SBVR New Contribution -- Semantic Formulation z What it’s not z Not a language for stating business rules z Not a language for stating constraints z Not about software design z What it is z Language for talking about meanings of concepts and rules z regardless of the languages or notations used to state them z A way of structuring the meaning of: z Definitions z Rules that govern the operation of an organization z Questions (Queries) z Optimized for people and natural language – not for machine processing z Interpretable in formal logics: 1st order and restricted higher order z Recursive z Scope: Whatever business people mean by the vocabularies they use and the rules they make (c) 2005 Business Rules Team 7 Semantic Formulation of a Simple Rule Each rental car always has exactly one vehicle identification number. Necessity Claim Universal Quantification Variable (rental car) Exactly-One Quantification Variable (vehicle identification number) Atomic Formulation (rental car has vehicle identification number) Rule means ► A position paper for this workshop, “Semantic Formulations in SBVR,” is available on the workshop website (c) 2005 Business Rules Team 8 XML for Logical Formulation <is-obligation-claim obligation-claim=”oc”/> <modal-formulation-embeds-logical-formulation modal-formulation=”oc” logical- formulation=”n”/> <logical-negation-has-negand logical-negation=”n” negand=”eq1”/> <is-existential-quantification existential-quantification=”eq1”/> <quantification-introduces-variable quantification=”eq1” variable=”v2”/> <variable-has-type variable=”v1” type=”bdt”/> <quantification-scopes-over-logical-formulation quantification=”eq1” logical- formulation=”eq2”/> <is-existential-quantification existential-quantification=”eq2”/> <quantification-introduces-variable quantification=”eq2” variable=”v2”/> <variable-has-type variable=”v2” type=”rt”/> <quantification-scopes-over-logical-formulation quantification=”eq2” logical- formulation=”af”/> <is-atomic-formulation atomic-formulation=”af”/> <atomic-formulation-is-based-on-fact-type atomic-formulation=”af” fact-type=”ft”/> <atomic-formulation-has-role-binding atomic-formulation=”af” role-binding=”rb1”/> <role-binding-is-of-fact-type-role role-binding=”rb1” fact-type-role=”ftr1”/> <atomic-formulation-has-role-binding atomic-formulation=”af” role-binding=”rb2”/> <role-binding-is-of-fact-type-role role-binding=”rb2” fact-type-role=”ftr2”/> <esbr:thing xmi:id=”oc”/> <esbr:thing xmi:id=”n”/> <esbr:thing xmi:id=”eq1”/> <esbr:thing xmi:id=”v1”/> <esbr:thing xmi:id=”bdt”/> <esbr:thing xmi:id=”eq2”/> <esbr:thing xmi:id=”v2”/> <esbr:thing xmi:id=”rt”/> <esbr:thing xmi:id=”af”/> <esbr:thing xmi:id=”ft”/> <esbr:thing xmi:id=”rb1”/> <esbr:thing xmi:id=”rb2”/> <esbr:thing xmi:id=”ftr1”/> <esbr:thing xmi:id=”ftr2”/> (c) 2005 Business Rules Team 9 Relationship to Rule Exchange and Interoperability SBVR Vocabulary Business Rules Human Activity System UML Class Model / ER Model Production Rules Database triggers Procedural logic COTS IT Specification Database Business Model Rules Actioned by People Not just for automated rules Including rules about rules (c) 2005 Business Rules Team 10 Contribute to / Require from Rule Language for Interoperability z Rules build on Vocabulary (Facts which Build on Concepts) z No Rule Interoperability -- z without Vocabulary Interoperability z Consistent vocabulary also applies to business process, organization roles and work flow, business geography and logistics … z Meaning separate from Expression – z specialized vocabularies, multilingual z must support synonym & homonym terms z Semantic Formulations – bridge people & computer z Structure the meaning of z Definitions -- CONTENT / DATA z Operational Rules -- SERVICES z Questions / Queries z Use approach of Semantic Formulations with RDF and OWL z Optimized for machine processing (c) 2005 Business Rules Team 11 Vocabulary+Rules Framework for the Semantic Web SBVR -- Business Vocabulary (about Business Things) RDF / OWL – (about Business Things) RDF / OWL – (about Content / Data) Web Service XML Schema, Relational, Legacy Wrapper, … Rules structured for Class of Platform e.g. Production Rules Semantic Formulations (Structures optimized for machine processing) Semantic Formulations (Structures optimized for machine processing) SBVR -- Business Rules (Semantic Formulation structures optimized for people) Business Model (Optimized for People) Class of Platform Model (PIM) Platform Independent Model (PIM) Computation Independent Model (CIM) (Optimized for Machines) Platform-Specific Model (PSM) (not shown) Rules defined in terms of: Transform First Transform Second Definitions Rules Governing Actions IT System Business (c) 2005 Business Rules Team 12 Questions? (c) 2005 Business Rules Team 13 Supplemental Slides (c) 2005 Business Rules Team 14 SBVR z “Semantics of Business Vocabulary and Business Rules” - Business Rules Team (BRT) response to OMG RFP for BSBR z Positioned in MDA as part of Business Model z Rules for people in real-world businesses z Vocabularies for expression of business rules z Not IT system specification z Transformations will be needed z Might provide vocabulary basis for whole business model (business process, organization …) (c) 2005 Business Rules Team 15 Business Rules Team (BRT) z Consortium formed especially to respond to BSBR RFP z 18 Organizations from 7 countries z Three of the proposers are also proposers for OMG’s Business Process Definition Metamodel (BPDM)
