PAPER TASK FORCE
Duke University ** Environmental Defense Fund
Johnson & Johnson ** McDonald’s
The Prudential Insurance Company of America ** Time Inc.
WHITE PAPER NO. 10A
ENVIRONMENTAL COMPARISON - MANUFACTURING
TECHNOLOGIES FOR VIRGIN AND RECYCLED-CONTENT
PRINTING AND WRITING PAPER
DECEMBER 19, 1995
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1995 Environmental Defense Fund
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
I.
INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................11
A.
PAPER GRADES .......................................................................................................11
B.
MAJOR TOPICS........................................................................................................13
C.
METHODOLOGY ......................................................................................................14
II. FINDINGS................................................................................................................17
A.
ENERGY CONSUMPTION ASSOCIATED WITH PULP AND PAPER MANUFACTURING
PROCESSES..........................................................................................................................17
B.
ENERGY-RELATED AIR EMISSIONS ASSOCIATED WITH PULP AND PAPER
MANUFACTURING PROCESSES ............................................................................................18
C.
PROCESS-RELATED AIR EMISSIONS ASSOCIATED WITH PULP AND PAPER
MANUFACTURING PROCESSES ............................................................................................19
D.
EFFLUENT ASSOCIATED WITH PULP MANUFACTURING PROCESSES ........................19
E.
SOLID WASTE GENERATION ASSOCIATED WITH PULP AND PAPER MANUFACTURING
PROCESSES..........................................................................................................................21
F.
COMPARISONS OF THE PAPER GRADES....................................................................22
III. ENERGY CONSUMPTION ASSOCIATED WITH PULP AND PAPER
MANUFACTURING PROCESSES........................................