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Activity Title - Similes and Metaphors Goal/Objective To understand the use of similes and metaphors in real-life and in reading selections. Lesson Outline Introduction Students often lack a basic understanding of figurative language. This often interferes with their ability to read and comprehend selections that incorporate various types of figurative language. This lesson will help students understand how writers use similes and metaphors to enrich their writing, whether fiction or nonfiction in na- ture. Activity Define for students the terms simile and metaphor. A metaphor is a figure of speech in which a word or phrase literally denoting one kind of object or idea is used in place of another to suggest a likeness or analogy between them. For example, "Nora is a walking, talking encyclopedia." A simile is a figure of speech comparing two unlike things that is often introduced by like or as. For example: "This bed is as hard as a rock." In this lesson, students identify examples of similes and metaphors in newspapers or magazines as well as develop their own examples of similes and metaphors. Debriefing/Evaluation Activity Discuss the differences between the two and any difficulties students have in distinguishing between them. Re- view the similes and metaphors students found in the newspapers and magazines. Have students share their own similes and metaphors with the rest of the class. Real-Life Connection Journalists use similes and metaphors in their writing. Have students read articles about the stock market to identify similes and metaphors writers use to express changes in the market. For example: “The NASDAQ fell like a rock” or “That stock soared like an eagle on news of…” Have student rewrite the sentences by removing the similes and metaphors. Discuss how figurative language helps “paint pictures” in reading selections. Materials/Texts/Realia/Handouts • Paper and pencils • Newspaper and magazine articles containing similes and metaphors Extension Activity Have students pick song they like and search for similes and metaphors in the lyrics. Have students share their lyrics with the rest of the class. ESE/ESOL Accommodations • Pair students who need help with another student who will help them. • Provide a dictionary. • Provide a peer helper for those stu- dents who need help. • Highlight similes and metaphors found in newspaper or magazine articles. GED 2002 Teachers’ Handbook of Lesson Plans Area/Skill - LA, Reading Cognitive Skill Level - Application Correlation to Framework - 04.03 Lesson Number - 10 GED 2002 Activity Title—Similes and Metaphors Introduction Say: Understanding various elements of figurative language can help you understand what a writer is trying to convey in his/her writing. Similes and metaphors are two very common types of figurative language often used in everyday writing. Similes and metaphors are also used in the lyrics for songs. In this lesson, you will learn the differences between similes and metaphors. Main Activity Write the following terms on the board: Simile Metaphor Ask: Do you know what these two terms mean? Have student provide definitions. Write their responses on the board. Say: A simile is a figure of speech comparing two unlike things that is often introduced by like or as. This bed is as hard as a rock. Ask: Can you think of an example of a simile? Write the students’ responses on the board. Say: A metaphor is a figure of speech in which a word or phrase literally denoting one kind of object or idea is used in place of another to suggest a like- ness between them. Nora is a walking, talking encyclopedia. Ask: Can you think of an example of a simile? Write the students’ responses on the board. Distribute copies of newspaper and magazine articles that contain examples of similes and metaphors. Say: Today, you are going to work in teams to identify examples of similes and metaphors in various types of articles from newspapers and magazines. Highlight the examples that you find. When you are finished you will share your findings with the rest of the class. When students have finished working with the articles, have them develop 5 of their own similes and metaphors. Debriefing/Evaluation Activity Review the similes and metaphors students find in the newspapers and magazines. Discuss the differences between the two and any difficulties students have in distinguishing between them. Have students share their own similes and metaphors with the class. Have class vote on most creative, funniest, etc. similes and metaphors. GED 2002 Teachers’ Handbook of Lesson Plans Area/Skill - LA, Reading Cognitive Skill Level - Application Correlation to Framework - 04.03 Lesson Number - 10 GED 2002
