Engineering Properties of Soils Based on Laboratory Testing
Prof. Krishna Reddy, UIC
44
EXPERIMENT 6
GRAIN SIZE ANALYSIS
(SIEVE AND HYDROMETER ANALYSIS)
Purpose:
This test is performed to determine the percentage of different grain sizes
contained within a soil. The mechanical or sieve analysis is performed to
determine the distribution of the coarser, larger-sized particles, and the hydrometer
method is used to determine the distribution of the finer particles.
Standard Reference:
ASTM D 422 - Standard Test Method for Particle-Size Analysis of Soils
Significance:
The distribution of different grain sizes affects the engineering properties of
soil. Grain size analysis provides the grain size distribution, and it is required in
classifying the soil.
Equipment:
Balance, Set of sieves, Cleaning brush, Sieve shaker, Mixer (blender), 152H
Hydrometer, Sedimentation cylinder, Control cylinder, Thermometer, Beaker,
Timing device.
Engineering Properties of Soils Based on Laboratory Testing
Prof. Krishna Reddy, UIC
45
Engineering Properties of Soils Based on Laboratory Testing
Prof. Krishna Reddy, UIC
46
Engineering Properties of Soils Based on Laboratory Testing
Prof. Krishna Reddy, UIC
47
Test Procedure:
Sieve Analysis:
(1) Write down the weight of each sieve as well as the bottom pan to be
used in the analysis.
(2)
Record the weight of the given dry soil sample.
(3)
Make sure that all the sieves are clean, and assemble them in the
ascending order of sieve numbers (#4 sieve at top and #200 sieve at
bottom). Place the pan below #200 sieve. Carefully pour the soil
sample into the top sieve and place the cap over it.
(4)
Place the sieve stack in the mechanical shaker and shake for 10
minutes.
(5)
Remove the stack from the shaker and carefully weigh and record the
weight of each sieve with its retained soil. In addition, remember to
weigh and record the weight of the bottom pan with its retained