Kondisi Ekosistem Perairan Kepulauan Spermonde:
Keterkaitannya dengan Pemanfaatan Sumberdaya Laut di Kepulauan Spermonde
Condition of Spermonde Ecosystem: Its Relationship with the Utilization of
Maritime Resources of the Spermonde Archipelago
Jamaluddin JOMPA, Willem MOKA dan Dewi YANUARITA
Abstract
Consequent with the validation of the decentralization law and the
impact of economic crisis wave to natural resources utilization, resources
utilization survey carried out by the primary stakeholders in Spermonde
Archipelago is an important first stage to observe the transitional period
of marine resources management in this archipelago. Spermonde
Archipelago has a great variety of corals: 78 genera and subgenera, 262
total species, as recorded by Moll (1983). Around 80 87 % of these
corals are found on further coral reefs. However, Jompa (1996) noted a
decrease in live corals amount and diversity, around 20% decrease within
12 years, compared to Moll (1983) findings on several identical locations.
The decrease amount of live corals is still continuing at the moment, a
result of un-renewable resources exploitation. Overall environmental
conditions of certain islands are in the poor category, even though there
are some positive observation points. Due to the limited research period,
it can be concluded whether or not there is changes in the abundance and
varieties of fish corals and other coral reef related microorganisms.
However, in some islands, such as Baddi Island, Amphiprion peridarion,
Canthidermis sp., Chaetodon auriga and C. Melannotus fishes were
found. These species are rarely found in other islands on Spermonde.
Key words: Marine resources, Spermonde, marine ecosystem
I. Pendahuluan
1. Latar Belakang
Kegiatan eksploitasi sumberdaya laut di Kepulauan Spermonde telah berlangsung
ratusan tahun. Menurut pengamatan terakhir, perkembangan sektor perikanan di
Kepulauan Spermonde berlangsung sangat pesat. Perkembangan tersebut tidak terbatas
pada pertumbuhan jeni