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<p>THE STATE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Recent advances, startup landscape, the road ahead The technology market intelligence platform. CB Insights software lets you predict, discuss, and communicate emerging technology trends using data in ways that are beyond human cognition. www.cbinsights.com 2 www.cbinsights.com 3 See what other customers have to say at http://www.cbinsights.com/customer-love The most publicly reference-able customers of anyone in the industry A FEW OF OUR HAPPY CUSTOMERS Kate Barrett Director, New Enterprise Associates "With CB Insights we can quickly and reliably aggregate data across the investing landscape, from sector trends to financing activity. The intuitive user interface and robust set of features have made it a go-to resource for our team, and the customer support is second to none..." WEBINAR RECORDING WILL BE DISTRIBUTED IMMEDIATELY AFTER www.cbinsights.com 4 The presentation will also be sent to you. Feel free to share with colleagues. The resolution of some slides may be suboptimal due to the webinar software. Those slides will look fine in the presentation that we send you. http://support.citrixonline.com/en_US/Webinar Deepashri Varadharajan @deepashriv dvaradharajan@cbinsights.com www.cbinsights.com 5 ABOUT THE PRESENTER Tech industry analyst & writer, CB Insights Deepashri Varadharajan received her undergraduate degree in engineering at Vellore Institute of Technology in India. She later studied journalism, and received a degree from the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism. Before CB Insights, Deepashri worked for organizations including Al Jazeera America, Deccan Herald, and interned at Siemens India. www.cbinsights.com 6 TABLE OF CONTENTS Tech industry's AI revolution Trends in artificial intelligence, rising interest in private companies Why now? Macro trends driving AI boom The state of AI today Definitions, startup funding, applications, robotics Emerging applications AI in gaming, reg tech, travel tech, and more Where we are headed The 'artificial general intelligence' debate 1 2 3 4 5 THE TECH INDUSTRY'S AI REVOLUTION www.cbinsights.com 7 'AI IS THE NEW ELECTRICITY' Andrew Ng Former chief scientist at Baidu, Co-founder at Coursera www.cbinsights.com 8 source: https://www.gsb.stanford.edu/insights/andrew-ng-why-ai-new-electricity "Just as electricity transformed almost everything 100 years ago, today I actually have a hard time thinking of an industry that I don't think AI will transform in the next several years." MEDIA TRENDS: AI VS BIG DATA www.cbinsights.com 9 The Battle For Top AI Talent Only Gets Tougher From Here Ford Goes Big On AI With $1B Investment Microsoft Bets On General Artificial Intelligence With Maluuba Acquisition Samsung To Acquire Artificial Intelligence Firm Viv, Created By Siri Makers Google's Alphago AI Beats Human In First Game Of Go Contest Google, Facebook, Apple, Intel and other big corporations acquiring AI startups RACE FOR INTELLIGENCE www.cbinsights.com 10 https://www.cbinsights.com/blog/top-acquirers-ai-startups-ma-timeline/ Google is the most active acquirer of AI startups, having acquired 11 startups since 2012. Apple, which has been ramping up its M&A efforts, ranked second with 7 acquisitions under its belt. Newer entrants in the race include Ford, which acquired Argo AI for $1B in Q1'17, cybersecurity company Sophos, and Amazon. 200+ Acquisitions since 2012 30+ M&A deals in Q1'17 11 Acquisitions by Google www.cbinsights.com 11 AI PATENTS OF MICROSOFT, GOOGLE, AMAZON, FB, APPLE https://www.cbinsights.com/blog/google-apple-microsoft-ai-patents/ Note: The patent filing process involves a significant time-lag before the publishing of patent applications. This delay can range from several months to over two years, meaning that records prior to 2013 are likely complete at the time of analysis, but there may be applications from 2014 on that have yet to be published. Google patent to "predict new views from existing images" using deep learning Facebook's patent for "predicting labels using deep learning model" as of 12/12/2016 www.cbinsights.com 12 WTF is Artificial Intelligence? FROM CLIPPY TO ALEXA www.cbinsights.com 13 https://www.cbinsights.com/blog/top-acquirers-ai-startups-ma-timeline/ www.cbinsights.com 14 Why now? MACRO TRENDS, RECENT ADVANCES www.cbinsights.com 15 www.cbinsights.com 16 Big Data + Processing Power = New Age for Artificial Intelligence "Deep learning is almost like the brain... It's unreasonably effective. You can teach it to do almost anything. But it had a huge handicap: It needs a massive amount of computation. And there we were with the GPU, a computing model almost ideal for deep learning." www.cbinsights.com 17 https://www.forbes.com/sites/aarontilley/2016/11/30/nvidia-deep-learning-ai-intel/ Jen-Hsun Huang CEO, NVidia www.cbinsights.com 18 https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/deep-learning-ai/ HORSEPOWER FOR AI: NVIDIA GPU'S DOMINATE MARKET NVidia GPUs, which initially targeted the gaming industry, are now widely used for training deep neural networks. Other big corporations like Intel and Google have focused their efforts on AI chips as well, with Intel recently acquiring startup Nervana Systems, and Google developing a custom chip called "Tensor Processing Unit." www.cbinsights.com 19 https://www.cbinsights.com/blog/deep-learning-ai-startups-market-map-company-list/ To name a few, Captricity, which extracts information from hand- written data, raised $49M in equity funding from investors including Social Capital and New York Life Insurance Company. Teradeep received funding in Q1'16 from the corporate venture arm of XILINX to make programmable integrated circuits. Healthcare startups here include IBM-backed precision medicine startup Pathway Genomics and diagnostics company Enlitic. STARTUPS RIDING THE DEEP LEARNING WAVE www.cbinsights.com 20 OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE ACCELERATES RESEARCH Google open sourced its TensorFlow machine learning library in 2015, and reportedly "more than 480 people have contributed directly to TensorFlow" since then. Other libraries include Deeplearning4J from startup Skymind and Microsoft's Cognitive Toolkit. Yann LeCun Director of research, Facebook www.cbinsights.com 21 https://www.wsj.com/articles/whats-next-for-artificial-intelligence-1465827619 "Despite these astonishing advances, we are a long way from machines that are as intelligent as humansor even rats. So far, we've seen only 5% of what AI can do." Where are we at? AI TODAY, STARTUP TRENDS, APPLICATIONS www.cbinsights.com 22 www.cbinsights.com 23 A few AI applications today VISION A LOT OF NUMBER CRUNCHING LANGUAGE PROCESSING BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE IOT PREDICTIVE MAINTENANCE SEARCH RECOMMENDATIONS FORECASTING MODELS AUTO TECH AND DRONE COLLISION AVOIDANCE E-COMMERCE SEARCH PICK AND PLACE ROBOTS HEALTHCARE DIAGNOSTICS CHATBOTS NEWS & MEDIA CONTENT CREATION SMART HOME VOICE INTERFACES TEXT ANALYTICS AI Equity Funding Since 2012: $15.4 BILLION across 2320 DEALS www.cbinsights.com 24 DEALS CONTINUE TO BREAK PREVIOUS RECORDS Deals to AI startups increased 4.7x in the last 5 years, from 150 in 2012 to 698 in 2016. The top rounds in 2016 went to auto tech company Zoox ($200M Series A) and cybersecurity startup StackPath ($180M private equity). www.cbinsights.com 25 ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: ANNUAL FUNDING HISTORY 2012-2016 RECENT $100M+ MEGA-ROUNDS www.cbinsights.com 26 $200M Autonomous cars $180M Cybersecurity $175M $154M Healthcare 2016 $130M Healthcare Life science Q1'17 MOST ACTIVE QUARTER FOR AI STARTUPS In Q1'17 AI startups received 280 deals and $2.1B in funding. Nearly 49% of the deals in Q1'17 were in the seed/angel stage, indicating newer companies are continuing to enter the space. www.cbinsights.com 27 ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: QUARTERLY FUNDING Q1'12-Q1'17 INDUSTRY STILL NASCENT, SEED DEALS DOMINATE Early-stage deals dominated across the years, accounting for 69% or more of the total deal share. Mid and late- state deals have remained fairly constant during this period. Some of the late-stage companies that raised recently include Lattice Engines, SoundHound and NIO. www.cbinsights.com 28 ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: GLOBAL DEAL SHARE 2012-2016 UNICORNS USING AI ALGORITHMS ACROSS INDUSTRIES www.cbinsights.com 29 UNICORN AI FOCUS UNICORN AI FOCUS Machine learning-based credit risk modeling AI-based health date mining for personalized healthcare Deep learning-based drug discovery Built on the Neuralytics predictive analytics engine for sales insights Platform-as-a-service that facilitates building and deploying machine learning models for predictive analysis of IoT data Machine learning solutions and predictive maintenance for industrial IoT Artificial intelligence to predict and prevent cyber attacks Autonomous vehicles Machine learning to extract information from patients' electronic health records Autonomous vehicles MOST WELL-FUNDED US STARTUPS IN EACH STATE USING AI ALGORITHMS The map shows the most well-funded startups leveraging artificial intelligence in each of the 35 states where there have been equity deals to the category in the last five years (as of 4/3/2017). www.cbinsights.com 30 NUMBER OF ACTIVE INVESTORS BY TYPE www.cbinsights.com 31 VC INVESTORS CORPORATE INVESTORS PE INVESTORS 127 211 297 384 492 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 18 47 72 118 173 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 11 12 15 26 32 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 8 5 11 21 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 ASST./INVESTMENT MGT (as of 3/23/16) www.cbinsights.com 32 TOP VC INVESTORS IN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE RANK INVESTOR RANK INVESTOR 1 6 2 6 3 8 4 5 www.cbinsights.com 33 AI HEATMAP: DEALS DISTRIBUTION BY CATEGORY Q1'12-Q1'17 (as of 3/23/17) CATEGORY Q1'12 Q2'12 Q3'12 Q4'12 Q1'13 Q2'13 Q3'13 Q4'13 Q1'14 Q2'14 Q3'14 Q4'14 Q1'15 Q2'15 Q3'15 Q4'15 Q1'16 Q2'16 Q3'16 Q4'16 Q1'17 HORIZONTAL APPLICATIONS HEALTHCARE COMMERCE AD & MARKETING BUSINESS INTL & ANALYTICS IOT/IIOT FINTECH & INSURANCE CYBERSECURITY SALES & CRM AUTO TECH PERSONAL ASSISTANTS EDUCATION HR TECH NEWS, MEDIA & ENTERTAINMENT TRAVEL TECH LEGAL AGRICULTURE SOCIAL PHYSICAL SECURITY REAL ESTATE REG TECH IT & CLOUD SERVICES SPORTS MISC APPLICATIONS www.cbinsights.com 34 https://www.cbinsights.com/research-artificial-intelligence-startup-deals ACCESS THE AI COLLECTION WITH 1.6K+ COMPANIES Collections, our CRM for Innovation, lets your team easily use our data to create, and collaborate on market maps, target lists and sector reviews. No more unwieldy spreadsheets, email chains, and PowerPoint. Knowledge management done right. www.cbinsights.com 35 Click here for the AI collection: https://www.cbinsights.com/collections/76371/company www.cbinsights.com 36 TOP PATENT HOLDERS We used patent application activity to gauge the internal R&D efforts of startups on our AI list. We analyzed over 1,150 active AI startups (that have not exited) and found that only 21% of the startups applied for at least 1 patent since 2009 (patent data from 2014-present is continuously updated on the USPTO site. The data is as of 4/17/17). Out of these, only 11% have been granted at least one patent in the United States since 2009. The reason could be that most companies are still in the early stages of research (69% or more of AI deals since 2012 have gone to startups still in the early stages), or that most startups are currently leveraging open-source AI libraries like TensorFlow. www.cbinsights.com 37 SPOTLIGHT: AI IN HEALTHCARE, COMMERCE COMMERCE www.cbinsights.com 38 HEALTHCARE & WELLNESS Companies leveraging machine learning algorithms to reduce drug discovery times, provide virtual assistance to patients, and improve the accuracy of medical imaging and diagnostic procedures, among other things. 73% of the deals since 2012 went to US startups, followed by United Kingdom (9.2%) and Israel (3.7%). However, the share of non-US deals reached a five- year-high in 2016 at 35%, compared 24% or less in previous years. So far this year, over 45% of the deals have gone to startups outside the United States, to countries including the United Kingdom, India, Netherlands, Finland, and Israel. AI IN HEALTHCARE & WELLNESS www.cbinsights.com 39 ANNUAL FUNDING HISTORY GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF DEALS Healthcare and wellness received the highest aggregate deals since 2012 compared to other AI categories. Deals and funding hit a 5-year-high in 2016. The top rounds last year went to unicorn companies Flatiron Health ($175M Series C) and iCarbonX ($154M Series A). So far this year, as of 3/22/17, healthcare & wellness startups have raised over $130M across 22 deals, including a $65M Series A round raised by cancer diagnosis startup Freenome. ANNUAL FUNDING HISTORY DEALS OUTSIDE THE UNITED STATES NON-US DEAL SHARE = 27% 106 AI STARTUPS TRANSFORMING HEALTHCARE Imaging & diagnostics is the most crowded area in healthcare AI, with 19 out of the 24 startups in the map raising their first equity funding round since January 2015. The map also includes horizontal AI startups like Ayasdi and H2O.ai (bottom left) which have made healthcare one of their focus areas. www.cbinsights.com 40 https://www.cbinsights.com/blog/artificial-intelligence-startups-healthcare/ TOP INVESTORS IN HEALTHCARE AI STARTUPS 2012-2017 (as of 3/23/17) www.cbinsights.com 41 RANK INVESTOR SELECT INVESTMENTS 1 Freenome, Atomwise, CloudMedX, Bay Labs, Enlitic, Recursion Pharmaceuticals 2 Zebra Medical Vision, Atomwise, Bay Labs, Lumiata, Ginger.io 3 HealthReveal, Predilytics, WellTok, Explorys 3 Teckro, Medal, Freenome, Elemental Machines 3 Freenome, Zephyr Health, Flatiron Health, Predilytics 6 HealthReveal, Arterys, MedAware IDENTIFYING HIGH- MOMENTUM STARTUPS USING MOSAIC Mosaic is a quantitative framework to algorithmically measure the overall health and growth potential of private companies. Companies are scored on a 0 to 1000 scale, based on the 3 M's described here. www.cbinsights.com 42 Momentum Uses signals ranging from hiring growth, exec turnover, news volume and sentiment, customer & partner signings, product development velocity, web traffic, mobile app data, and social media chatter. Market Uses Market Mosaic to assess health of industry the company competes in. Money Financial strength and viability of company based on burn rate, financing history, and investor quality. EARLY-STAGE COMPANIES TO WATCH www.cbinsights.com 43 COMPANY MOSAIC (OUT OF 1000) LAST ROUND/ DATE SELECT INVESTORS AREA OF FOCUS 890 $65M/ Series A Mar'17 Allen & Company, AME Cloud Ventures, Andreessen Horowitz, CRV, Data Collective, Founders Fund, Google Ventures Cancer diagnostics 810 $8.5M/ Series A Jan'17 Ignition Partners, Mindset Ventures, Osage University Partners Predictive risk analytics 760 $10.8M/ Series A Feb'17 Flare Capital Partners, GE Ventures, Greycroft Partners, Manatt Venture Fund Early detection of chronic diseases 760 $5.3M/ Series A Dec'16 Data Collective, Eleven Two Capital, Khosla Ventures, National Science Foundation, Yann LeCun Medical imaging 670 $2.5M/ Series A Aug'16 Omidyar Network, Union Square Ventures Cognitive therapy/ mental health HEALTHCARE & WELLNESS COMMERCE www.cbinsights.com 44 Companies leveraging AI algorithms for visual search, natural language processing, shopper behavioral analytics, and in-store analytics, among other things. Devin Wenig CEO, eBay www.cbinsights.com 45 forbes.com/sites/shoptalk/2017/03/28/6-key-takeaways-from-shoptalk-2017-an-insiders-perspective/#29aa560b24ab "If you don't have an AI strategy, you are going to die in the world that's coming." RETAIL AI IN THE NEWS www.cbinsights.com 46 GOOGLE HOME WORKS WITH EBAY'S SHOPBOT TO PRICE YOUR STUFF March 9, 2017 Around 42% of the deals have gone to commerce startups outside the United States since 2012. Startups in France accounted for 6.5% of the deal share, followed by Canada (5.5%) and India (5.5%). So far in Q1'17, more than half the deals have gone to countries including South Korea, Singapore, France, United Kingdom, Canada, Israel, Poland and The Netherlands. AI IN COMMERCE www.cbinsights.com 47 ANNUAL FUNDING HISTORY GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF DEALS Nearly 200 deals went to startups in this category from 2012-16. Deals and funding reached a 5-year-high in 2016, with the top rounds going to California- based BloomReach ($56M Series D round) and Singapore-based Trax Image Recognition ($40M Series C round). So far in 2017, startups have raised over $100M across 21 deals. The top round in Q1'17 was a $20M Series D round to previously-mentioned Trax Image Recognition. ANNUAL FUNDING HISTORY DEALS OUTSIDE THE UNITED STATES NON US DEAL SHARE = 42% 40+ AI STARTUPS TARGETING RETAIL IN ONE INFOGRAPHIC The area is emerging, and most companies on the map remain in the early stages of funding. www.cbinsights.com 48 https://www.cbinsights.com/blog/ai-retail-smart-shop-startups/ TOP VC INVESTORS IN AI COMMERCE STARTUPS 2012-2017 YTD (as of 3/23/17) www.cbinsights.com 49 RANK INVESTOR SELECT INVESTMENTS 1 Modsy, Personali, InsightsOne 1 Reflektion, SmarterHQ, BloomReach 1 Deepomatic, Tinyclues, AntVoice 1 COSY, Emotient, Reflektion EARLY-STAGE COMPANIES TO WATCH www.cbinsights.com 50 COMPANY MOSAIC (OUT OF 1000) LAST ROUND/ DATE SELECT INVESTORS AREA OF FOCUS 840 $16M/ Series A Mar'17 Index Ventures, ISAI, Mosaic Ventures Geo-location targeting for retailers 720 $0.44M/ Seed Dec'16 Unilazer Ventures Chatbot SDK for commerce 710 Undisclosed/ Series A Aug'16 Sequoia Capital India, Exfinity Venture Partners, Growx Ventures Management Apparel and fashion 710 $1.74M/ Series A Sep'16 Robert Bosch Venture Capital, Spintop Ventures In-store analytics and shopper behavior 610 $5.3M/ Series A-II May'16 Alibaba Group, Naspers, State of Mind Ventures, YJ Capital E-commerce search engine HORIZONTAL APPLICATIONS www.cbinsights.com 51 INDUSTRY AGNOSTIC APPLICATIONS GAIN MOMENTUM IN 2016 Deals to startups developing AI solutions for different verticals dropped in 2015, but made a come back in 2016. The top round last year was a $120M Series B round raised by Beijing- based computer vision startup SenseTime. www.cbinsights.com 52 AI HORIZONTAL APPLICATIONS: FUNDING HISTORY 2012-2016 www.cbinsights.com 53 Horizontal AI: 2015-16 Startup Landscape VISION TEXT ANALYTICS/ SEARCH ENGINE OTHER CONVERSATIONAL AI/ BOT PLATFORMS Emerging applications GAMING, LEGAL, TRAVEL TECH, AND MORE www.cbinsights.com 54 CATEGORY Q1'12 Q2'12 Q3'12 Q4'12 Q1'13 Q2'13 Q3'13 Q4'13 Q1'14 Q2'14 Q3'14 Q4'14 Q1'15 Q2'15 Q3'15 Q4'15 Q1'16 Q2'16 Q3'16 Q4'16 Q1'17 HORIZONTAL APPLICATIONS HEALTHCARE COMMERCE AD & MARKETING BUSINESS INTL & ANALYTICS IOT/IIOT FINTECH & INSURANCE CYBERSECURITY SALES & CRM AUTO TECH PERSONAL ASSISTANTS EDUCATION HR TECH NEWS, MEDIA & ENTERTAINMENT TRAVEL TECH LEGAL AGRICULTURE SOCIAL PHYSICAL SECURITY REAL ESTATE REG TECH IT & CLOUD SERVICES SPORTS MISC APPLICATIONS www.cbinsights.com 55 EMERGING AI APPLICATIONS: DEALS DISTRIBUTION BY CATEGORY Q1'12-Q1'17 (as of 3/23/17) PERFORMANCE ANALYTICS FOR GAMERS www.cbinsights.com 56 Total funding: $2.65M Select investors: Almaz Capital Partners, Beta Bridge Ventures, Deep Space Ventures, Founders Fund, General Catalyst, GGV Capital Performance analytics for gamers in areas like vision, aggression, and teamplay consistency. HEATMAP CATEGORY: NEWS, MEDIA & ENTERTAINMENT AI ASSISTED PAPER GRADING www.cbinsights.com 57 Total funding: $2.6M Select investors: Bloomberg Beta, Freestyle Capital, K9 Ventures, Reach Capital, The House Fund Integrating machine learning algorithms that learn from previously graded work to predict how answers should be graded. HEATMAP CATEGORY: EDUCATION TRAVEL SMART: DEMAND FORECASTING www.cbinsights.com 58 Total funding: $14.3M Select investors: Amadeus Ventures, AXA Strategic Ventures, Chasm Capital Management, JetBlue Technology Ventures, Plug and Play Ventures, Streamlined Ventures, Thiel Capital, Western Technology Investment Risk analytics, demand forecasting, and price forecasting, among other solutions for the travel industry. HEATMAP CATEGORY: TRAVEL TECH REDUCING TIME ON LEGAL WORK www.cbinsights.com 59 Total funding: $24.3M Select investors: Union Square Ventures, 8VC, Canvas Ventures, Red Sea Ventures, Formation 8 Uses AI and machine learning for advanced legal search and to find case laws related to a particular brief. HEATMAP CATEGORY: LEGAL Total funding: $9.39M Select investors: Spark Capital A digital picture frame using facial recognition and gesture control technologies. EVEN THE PHOTO FRAMES IN YOUR HOME www.cbinsights.com 60 HEATMAP CATEGORY: SOCIAL Where are we headed? THE 'ARTIFICIAL GENERAL INTELLIGENCE' DEBATE www.cbinsights.com 61 www.cbinsights.com 62 Artificial General Intelligence or General AI is the concept of an AI system with human-level intelligence and cognitive abilities that can perform a broad range of tasks and apply that knowledge to solve unfamiliar problems without being trained to do so. ARE WE GETTING THERE? MAYBE. www.cbinsights.com 63 source: https://www.singularityweblog.com/general-ai-challenge/ Marek Rosa CEO, GoodAI "People sometimes ask how quickly I think we will get there, and my honest answer is I don't know. We could get there in 3 years or in 30 years. But I do believe that it will happen in this century." www.cbinsights.com 64 source: https://www.technologyreview.com/s/425733/paul-allen-the-singularity-isnt-near/ PAUL ALLEN Co-founder, Microsoft "Creating this kind of advanced software requires a prior scientific understanding of the foundations of human cognition, and we are just scraping the surface of this. This prior need to understand the basic science of cognition is where the 'singularity is near' arguments fail to persuade us." ARE WE GETTING THERE? MAYBE NOT. "For artificial general intelligence (AGI) it would be efficient if multiple users trained the same giant neural network, permitting parameter reuse, without catastrophic forgetting. PathNet is a first step in this direction." PATHNET: GOOGLE'S DEEPMIND PUBLISHES PAPER ON GENERAL AI'S FIRST STEPS www.cbinsights.com 65 source: https://arxiv.org/pdf/1701.08734.pdf 11.2 Capital, AME Cloud Ventures, Bloomberg Beta, Bold Capital Partners, Data Collective, Eclipse Ventures, First Round Capital, Google Ventures, Innovation Endeavors STARTUPS WORKING ON GENERAL AI: KINDRED www.cbinsights.com 66 FUNDING HISTORY SELECT INVESTORS KINDRED'S PATENT ON ROBOTIC APPARATUS www.cbinsights.com 67 Kindred Systems' patent filing activity started recently, with 2 patents filed in 2016 titled "facilitating device control" and "methods of self- preservation of robotic apparatus." STARTUPS WORKING ON GENERAL AI: VICARIOUS www.cbinsights.com 68 FUNDING HISTORY Samsung Ventures, Wipro Ventures, ABB Technology Ventures, Marc Benioff, Data Collective, Elon Musk, Felicis Ventures, Formation 8, Good Ventures, Jeff Bezos, Khosla Ventures, Mark Zuckerberg, Open Field Capital, Sam Altman SELECT INVESTORS VICARIOUS FOCUSES ON CORTICAL NETWORKS www.cbinsights.com 69 Vicarious Systems has applied for around 6 patents since 2013, on topics like object recognition using recursive cortical networks . Ed Colligan, SkyMoon Ventures STARTUPS WORKING ON GENERAL AI: NUMENTA www.cbinsights.com 70 FUNDING HISTORY SELECT INVESTORS NUMENTA'S PATENT APPLICATION ACTIVITY www.cbinsights.com 71 Numenta, which is attempting to "reverse engineer the neocortex," has applied for over 40 patents since 2005. NUMENTA PATENT APPLICATION ACTIVITY Note: The patent filing process involves a significant time-lag before the publishing of patent applications. This delay can range from several months to over two years, meaning that records prior to 2013 are likely complete at the time of analysis, but there may be applications from 2014 on that have yet to be published. Stuart Russell Computer science prof. at UC Berkeley www.cbinsights.com 72 http://www.vanityfair.com/news/2017/03/elon-musk-billion-dollar-crusade-to-stop-ai-space-x In 50 years, this 18-month period we're in now will be seen as being crucial for the future of the A.I. community.... It's when the A.I. community finally woke up and took itself seriously and thought about what to do to make the future better." CBINSIGHTS.COM @ cbinsights dvaradharajan@cbinsights.com </p>
